Biashara ya gesi ukaa

Biashara ya gesi ukaa

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Ndele

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ndugu wanajamvi! ninaomba msaada wa kitaalamu ikiwezekana kupata mawasiliano ya wataalamu wa kudhaminisha kiasi cha hewa inayozalishwa kutokana na miti ya kupanda na pia kuniunganisha na watu ambao wananunua hiyo gesi ukaa, ili waweze kununua kutokana na kiasi fulani cha mazingira ninayotunza! kwani mzee wangu ana ekari zaidi ya mia nne za miti ya kupandwa zenye hati. lakini haijafikia hautua na kuvunwa.
 
Angalia hii article ya kwenye business times nina uhakika inaweza ikausaidia kuona ni nini cha kufanya na wapi pa kwenda (kuna simu hapo chini ya jamaa alieandika hii article nadhani ni vema ukimtafuta)
Source: Carbon trading: why Tanzanians fail to take full advantage of CDM

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[TD="class: contentheading"]Carbon trading: why Tanzanians fail to take full advantage of CDM[/TD]
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Written by Admin ​
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[TD="class: createdate"]Friday, 13 August 2010 11:02[/TD]
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[TD]YAKOBE CHIWAMBO
THE inordinately high cost that is associated with registering a project under the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) and conversion of Certified Emissions Reduction (CER) is one of the reasons why firms and other institutions in Tanzania continue to be shut out of the carbon trading/carbon credit stakes.

Other reasons include – and are not limited to – ignorance of the benefits that would accrue from such a venture, and a singular lack of local experts needed to effectively implement the projects related to the concept of carbon trading.

As it happens, the very few experts in CDM are already fully-occupied at such hallowed institutions of academia as the University of Dar es Salaam and the Sokoine University of Agriculture in Morogoro Region.

According to a senior environment officer in the Vice-President's Office, Freddy Manyika, ''experts (in the CDM field) are few and, as such, cannot do all that it takes for such projects to be accepted in terms of the CDM requirements...

“And, even if they could do that, there is still a need for foreign experts to come in at some point or another as part of the procedural requirements,'' Manyika said, adding as an afterthought that ''there is no shortcut to the process. It is costly – with the amount to be paid depending on the size and type of CER project to be sold.

''Stressing that not many local firms have taken to the available opportunities compared with foreign ones operating in Tanzania, Manyika attributed this apparent lack of interest to the fact that Tanzanians are yet to fully appreciate the benefits that come with exploiting the opportunities presented there in.

''We have been conducting seminars and other sensitization programmes for potential firms and other interested parties to ensure that they understand these opportunities – and grab them... In a nutshell, such projects are tantamount to direct investments in the country; they offer employment opportunities and, at the same time, bring about development for the nation,'' Manyika explains.

So far, only one major project has been registered for carbon trading in Tanzania. This is the Mtoni Land Fill, located in Temeke, Dar es Salaam. Although it was projected to sell up to US$200,000 per annum in carbon trading, it is currently selling only between $50,000 and $60,000-worth.

Speaking to Business Times on the subject, the assistant director for the Environment in the Vice-President's Office, Richard Muyungi, said “Tanzania mainly relies on foreign consults for the job and, therefore, it is costly for local institutions to successfully venture into such projects especially – especially when the firms and communities are not fully aware of the benefits that accrue from such an undertaking.

”According to Muyungi, a consultant is paid anything up to US$100,000 (roughly (Tsh150 million) for writing up a proposal for a CDM/CER project, doing the carbon conversion into CERs that are sold in US dollars.

Carbon credit projects are subdivided into many sectors including forests, energy, industries and transport.Companies which use heavy oils are said to contribute the most to global climate change. If and when such companies comply with CDM requirements by, say, converting to alternative energy use like natural gas, the climate is saved to a certain degree. In the event, the companies stand to benefit doubly.

In the first place, use of natural gas is far cheaper compared to the available heavy oils. Secondly, the companies get paid for cutting down on carbon emissions under the CDM/CER arrangements. In Tanzania, a few companies have already taken to using natural gas instead of heavy fuel oil as a way of reducing carbon emissions and, at the same time, cutting costs. Among these are the Artumas Gas Project in Mtwara Region; Katani in Tanga Region; Mbeya Cement in Mbeya Region, and Mkwano, a cooking oil manufacturer in Dar es Salaam.

Global statistics indicate that CERs from CDM projects were traded on a forward basis in 2006/07 for between US$5 and US$20 per tonne CO2 equivalent.

CDM – Clean Development Mechanism – is an arrangement under Article 12 of the Kyoto Protocol of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) which allows developed country parties (Annex-I countries) with a greenhouse gases (GHG) reduction commitment, and developing country parties (Non-Annex-I countries), “to jointly undertake emission reduction project
activities in developing countries that contribute to sustainable development and result in certified emission = reductions (CER). The Protocol was established in 1997 and entered into force in February 2005. Tanzania ratified the Protocol in August 2002.The greenhouse gases identified in the Protocol are carbon dioxide (CO2); methane (CH4); nitrous oxide (N2O); hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs); perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and sulphur hexafluoride (SF6).The Kyoto Protocol sets GHG reduction targets of five per cent below the 1990 levels of
emissions for developed countries between 2008 and 2012.

According to projections, by the end of 2012, expected annual CER to be issued is over US$960 million. Apart from the use of natural gas instead of heavy oils as one way of reducing carbon emissions, the Government of Tanzania offers chances to people or firms to plant trees (afforestation or reforestation) on huge hectares of land in semi-arid areas.The trees must be taken good care of – and can only be cut down after some years according to certain provisions incorporated in the relative legislation.In the transport sector, CDM encourages the use of gas instead of petrol which produces a lot fumes especially from locomotive and motor vehicle engines.Although developing countries seem to be at the forefront in reducing carbon emission, the amounts of carbon they produce is generally low.For instance, Tanzania is said to produce less than one per cent of the global carbon emissions... About 0.004 per cent!

Comments : jacobkmc@yahoo.com
mobile: 0784-707798[/TD]
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Ndele said:
ndugu wanajamvi! ninaomba msaada wa kitaalamu ikiwezekana kupata mawasiliano ya wataalamu wa kudhaminisha kiasi cha hewa inayozalishwa kutokana na miti ya kupanda na pia kuniunganisha na watu ambao wananunua hiyo gesi ukaa, ili waweze kununua kutokana na kiasi fulani cha mazingira ninayotunza! kwani mzee wangu ana ekari zaidi ya mia nne za miti ya kupandwa zenye hati. lakini haijafikia hautua na kuvunwa.
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Kama hati yenu haina noma,jitahidi sana mpaka uvuke vikwazo. Mimi nimeshindwa kwa sababu mashamba yangu hayana hati, na ili nipate hati inabidi niwe na mpunga mwingi, na nikipata mpunga huo naona bora kuongeza shamba zaidi, kwa hiyo imekuwa mtindo, nikipata hela sitafuti hati naongeza shamba na kuliendeleza !!!!!.

Mtafute Edson, yuko humu ndani anaweza akakupa abc kidogo. Niliwahi kufika kwao na nikaongea na mtu mmoja muhimu, akasema kama una hati ya shamba anaweza kunisaidia. Vikwazo ni vingi ila pambana. Ukifanikiwa mpunga wake ni mwingi mkuu. Kule wilayani kwetu tuliwahi kuandikisha majina ya watu wenye misitu. Mpaka leo kimyaa, sijui ilikuwa kampeni au ndio longo longo za kila siku.
 
Ndele said:
ndugu wanajamvi! ninaomba msaada wa kitaalamu ikiwezekana kupata mawasiliano ya wataalamu wa kudhaminisha kiasi cha hewa inayozalishwa kutokana na miti ya kupanda na pia kuniunganisha na watu ambao wananunua hiyo gesi ukaa, ili waweze kununua kutokana na kiasi fulani cha mazingira ninayotunza! kwani mzee wangu ana ekari zaidi ya mia nne za miti ya kupandwa zenye hati. lakini haijafikia hautua na kuvunwa.
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hilo shamba liko maene gani? tukifahamu lilipo tunaweza kusaidia kukuunganisha na watu wanohusika. otherwise waweza kwenda ubalozi wa norway, ndio wanahusika na miradi mingi ya kununua hewa ukaa. ukifika pale waweza kupata taarifa zaidi.
 
Mtego wa Noti said:
hilo shamba liko maene gani? tukifahamu lilipo tunaweza kusaidia kukuunganisha na watu wanohusika. otherwise waweza kwenda ubalozi wa norway, ndio wanahusika na miradi mingi ya kununua hewa ukaa. ukifika pale waweza kupata taarifa zaidi.
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shamba lenyewe lipo mbeya maeneo ya igoma kama unaelekea kitulo-makete
 
VoiceOfReason said:
Angalia hii article ya kwenye business times nina uhakika inaweza ikausaidia kuona ni nini cha kufanya na wapi pa kwenda (kuna simu hapo chini ya jamaa alieandika hii article nadhani ni vema ukimtafuta)
Source: Carbon trading: why Tanzanians fail to take full advantage of CDM
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kaka nimeisoma hiyo artcle duhh mbona gharama kubla sana? pia nimewasiliana na alieandika anasema yupo nje ya nchi kurudi mpaka oktoba lakini kaniambia niende wizara ya mazingira watanipatia taarifa zaidi. hivi siwezi pata wafadhili wa kufanya utafiti huo?
 
Ndele said:
shamba lenyewe lipo mbeya maeneo ya igoma kama unaelekea kitulo-makete
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Wakati unamsubiri huyo jamaa, piga kwata mpaka ubalozi wa Norway au ingia hizo ofisi za mazingira pale Wizarani.
 
Wazo lako ni zuri sana mkuu. Hewa ya ukaa ni biashara ambayo inasumbua kidogo lakini mambo yanawezekana ukiwa serious and ujicomit vizuri. Nchi nyingi za Africa hazifaidika kabisa na hii biashara kutokana na ukweli kwamba wengi wetu hatupendi kujihangaisha na vitu vinavyoumiza kichwa kidogo.
Kuna vitu unatakiwa uvijue mwanzoni ili hata ukimwambia mtu akuelewe vizuri:
  • Kilichofanyika kwenye hilo shamba ni aforestation/reforestation au unataka kufanya sustainable forest management ambayo itachangia kuconserve/enhace carbon stock.
  • Unataka msaada wa ku develop huo mradi au unatafuta mtu wa kununua credits(hewa ya ukaa)
  • Aina ya miti na umri.
  • Unategemea kuvuna hiyo miti lini.
  • Jamii itafaidikaje na huo mradi.
Ni kweli Norway wanafungu linalohusiana na mambo ya hewa ya ukaa kwenye misitu lakini wanaohusika na technical issues ni UDSM-IRA, Tanzania Forest Conservation Group (TFCG), Mpingo Conservation na Ofisi ya makamu wa rais-idara ya mazingira. Hawa walipewa hela na Norway ili kuone ni jinsi gani hii biashara inaweza kufanyika ingawa preference ni kwenye misitu ambayo itakuwa na faida kwa community.
Mradi wako unaweza kuudevelop chini ya compliance Clean development Mechanism (CDM) au chini ya Voluntary carbon markets. Compliance ni kwa ajili ya aforestation and reforestation projects only wakati voluntary ni kwa zote. Bei ya compliance credits ni kubwa kuliko voluntary ingawa inakuwa na long and complex preocedures. Ni vizuri ukaangalia voluntary market kwa sababu haina mlolongo na kuna standard mbali mbali na vile vile Tanzania haina "definition" ya forest itakayokuwezesha kuchagua compliance.
Ushauri:
  • Jaribu kuwasiliana na hao watu hapo juu.
  • Pia Green Resources (Iringa) wana miradi kama huu so unaweza kuwasiliana nao wakakupa ushauri.
  • Ukikwama ni pm tuone tutakachoweza kufanya.
 
MANAKE MKARI said:
Wazo lako ni zuri sana mkuu. Hewa ya ukaa ni biashara ambayo inasumbua kidogo lakini mambo yanawezekana ukiwa serious and ujicomit vizuri. Nchi nyingi za Africa hazifaidika kabisa na hii biashara kutokana na ukweli kwamba wengi wetu hatupendi kujihangaisha na vitu vinavyoumiza kichwa kidogo.
Kuna vitu unatakiwa uvijue mwanzoni ili hata ukimwambia mtu akuelewe vizuri:
  • Kilichofanyika kwenye hilo shamba ni aforestation/reforestation au unataka kufanya sustainable forest management ambayo itachangia kuconserve/enhace carbon stock.
  • Unataka msaada wa ku develop huo mradi au unatafuta mtu wa kununua credits(hewa ya ukaa)
  • Aina ya miti na umri.
  • Unategemea kuvuna hiyo miti lini.
  • Jamii itafaidikaje na huo mradi.
Ni kweli Norway wanafungu linalohusiana na mambo ya hewa ya ukaa kwenye misitu lakini wanaohusika na technical issues ni UDSM-IRA, Tanzania Forest Conservation Group (TFCG), Mpingo Conservation na Ofisi ya makamu wa rais-idara ya mazingira. Hawa walipewa hela na Norway ili kuone ni jinsi gani hii biashara inaweza kufanyika ingawa preference ni kwenye misitu ambayo itakuwa na faida kwa community.
Mradi wako unaweza kuudevelop chini ya compliance Clean development Mechanism (CDM) au chini ya Voluntary carbon markets. Compliance ni kwa ajili ya aforestation and reforestation projects only wakati voluntary ni kwa zote. Bei ya compliance credits ni kubwa kuliko voluntary ingawa inakuwa na long and complex preocedures. Ni vizuri ukaangalia voluntary market kwa sababu haina mlolongo na kuna standard mbali mbali na vile vile Tanzania haina "definition" ya forest itakayokuwezesha kuchagua compliance.
Ushauri:
  • Jaribu kuwasiliana na hao watu hapo juu.
  • Pia Green Resources (Iringa) wana miradi kama huu so unaweza kuwasiliana nao wakakupa ushauri.
  • Ukikwama ni pm tuone tutakachoweza kufanya.
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mkuu kilichofanyika kwenye shamba hilo ni kwamba maeneo mengine tulifanya reforestation na maeneo mengine tumefanya aforestation kikubwa hapa nahitaji msaada wa kitaalamu na kifedha kudevelop mradi huu kwani kuna makala moja nimesoma inaonyesha inahitaji fedha nyingi sana na mimi sina mtaji huo labda niuze baadhi ya miti! kitu ambacho sio kizuri. pia aina ya miti kwa kiasi kikubwa ni mi-pines na inaumri kati ya miaka mitano na kumi na mbili. hivyo kuvuna kutafanyika baada ya miaka sita hadi kumi na tatu. je uaweza kuwa na mawasiliano na hao jamaa?
 
Ndele said:
mkuu kilichofanyika kwenye shamba hilo ni kwamba maeneo mengine tulifanya reforestation na maeneo mengine tumefanya aforestation kikubwa hapa nahitaji msaada wa kitaalamu na kifedha kudevelop mradi huu kwani kuna makala moja nimesoma inaonyesha inahitaji fedha nyingi sana na mimi sina mtaji huo labda niuze baadhi ya miti! kitu ambacho sio kizuri. pia aina ya miti kwa kiasi kikubwa ni mi-pines na inaumri kati ya miaka mitano na kumi na mbili. hivyo kuvuna kutafanyika baada ya miaka sita hadi kumi na tatu. je uaweza kuwa na mawasiliano na hao jamaa?
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Sawa. Kuhusu gharama usijali sana. Kuna aina mbili za kudevelop mradi.Moja ni wewe kuingia hizo gharama (transaction costs) na kuuza credits baadaye au kutafuta mnunuzi wa hizo credits (forward selling) kwa sasa ambaye atacover hizo gharama kwa makubaliano ya kulipana baadaye. Option ya pili ni nzuri kwa mtu ambaye hana fedha pamoja na uzoefu. Unaweza kuandika 1 or 2 pages kuhusu hilo shamba? Hii itasaidia wakati unapowasiliana na mtu ili aweze kuelewa kwa urahisi. Hakikisha unaonyesha ni kwa jinsi gani jamii inayokuzunguka itafaidika na huo mradi maana hii ndiyo interest ya wengi!!!!Ukisha andika tuwasiliane kwa hatua ya pili. Hii kitu inawezekana maana hata watani wetu wanafanya mambo sisi wala hatuhangaiki. Nina uzoefu wa kutosha kwenye hii kitu na huwa nafurahi sana ninapoona mtu akijaribu.
 
MANAKE MKARI said:
Sawa. Kuhusu gharama usijali sana. Kuna aina mbili za kudevelop mradi.Moja ni wewe kuingia hizo gharama (transaction costs) na kuuza credits baadaye au kutafuta mnunuzi wa hizo credits (forward selling) kwa sasa ambaye atacover hizo gharama kwa makubaliano ya kulipana baadaye. Option ya pili ni nzuri kwa mtu ambaye hana fedha pamoja na uzoefu. Unaweza kuandika 1 or 2 pages kuhusu hilo shamba? Hii itasaidia wakati unapowasiliana na mtu ili aweze kuelewa kwa urahisi. Hakikisha unaonyesha ni kwa jinsi gani jamii inayokuzunguka itafaidika na huo mradi maana hii ndiyo interest ya wengi!!!!Ukisha andika tuwasiliane kwa hatua ya pili. Hii kitu inawezekana maana hata watani wetu wanafanya mambo sisi wala hatuhangaiki. Nina uzoefu wa kutosha kwenye hii kitu na huwa nafurahi sana ninapoona mtu akijaribu.
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ok mkuu nashukuru sana basi nipe mda kama wiki moja hivi ili niweze kukupa taarifa kamili kuhusu shamba hilo
 
Malila said:
Wakati unamsubiri huyo jamaa, piga kwata mpaka ubalozi wa Norway au ingia hizo ofisi za mazingira pale Wizarani.
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wiarani watam frustrate tu..watu wako busy kula vitumbua na uji wa ulezi
 
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