titimunda
JF-Expert Member
- Nov 26, 2014
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Wanaozingua ni wale wa ushauri nasaha,mi nkija kupima bora majibu wantumie kwa email tu au sms,stakagi ile kuwekana chini kuanza kupewa hotuba.
Wanaozingua ni wale wa ushauri nasaha,mi nkija kupima bora majibu wantumie kwa email tu au sms,stakagi ile kuwekana chini kuanza kupewa hotuba.Najua hilo mkuu lakini hawakushikii bunduki, unapewa room ya kukubali kupima ili upate hiyo service au ukache na ukose.. Sasa huo muda wa kufikiria ndio utafikiria na hizo rafu
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Fafanua mkuu kwa maslahi mapana ya jamii.mi zamani nlikuwa naogopaga kwenda kupima kwenye vile vituo vya misaada,na NGOs,mana wazungu sina imani nao kabisa na masuala yao ya population control,huwa nahisi naweza kuambukiziwa hapohapo kwenye kupima na masindano yao,mimi huwa napendelea kwenda kupima kwa malipo tena hospitali binafsi isiyo na affiliation na watoa misaadaHii ni conspiracy ya kibiashara mkuu,wajanja wanajua.Niishie hapo wasije wenye conspiracy wakanishuhulikia kama "walivyomshuhulikia" aliyekuwa Rais wa Africa ya Kusini Bwana Mbeki.
Ni kweli mkuu.Kama unaogopa ukimwi utaogopa ngono and hence reduced rate of population growth!Kabisa mkuu, ukiacha sababu za kibiashara naona pia ni njia ya kudhibiti population.. Kuna watu wachache duniani wanafikiri kwa niaba ya generations na generations zijazo..
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Upo and its not a myth mkuu,kuumwa baada ya kupima ni shock ambayo unaweza kupata kama vile anayopata mtu anapopima na kugunduliwa ana Cancer ,Kisukari au ugonjwa wowote ule ambao unahatarisha uhai wa mtu.Hujasema kama ni dhahiri upo au it's a myth... Inakuaje mtu anaanza kuugua serious baada ya kupima?
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Tatizo pale ulipokaa sio kabisa acha tufeUkimwi haupo mkuu, we endelea kushusha zipu hadi unyakuwe medani ya dhahabu....[emoji2] [emoji2] [emoji2]
Kwahiyo sasa unakubali njia ya kuukabili ni kuacha kupima?Upo and its not a myth mkuu,kuumwa baada ya kupima ni shock ambayo unaweza kupata kama vile anayopata mtu anapopima na kugunduliwa ana Cancer ,Kisukari au ugonjwa wowote ule ambao unahatarisha uhai wa mtu.
Mkuu jambo hili ni nyeti sana, linahusu sera za kitaifa na makampuni makubwa ya madawa ya wakubwa wa dunia.Kwa hiyo naomba tusiende mbali kwa usalama wetu na watoto wetu.Niishie tu kusema Ukimwi ni conspiracy against humanity.Fafanua mkuu kwa maslahi mapana ya jamii.mi zamani nlikuwa naogopaga kwenda kupima kwenye vile vituo vya misaada,na NGOs,mana wazungu sina imani nao kabisa na masuala yao ya population control,huwa nahisi naweza kuambukiziwa hapohapo kwenye kupima na masindano yao,mimi huwa napendelea kwenda kupima kwa malipo tena hospitali binafsi isiyo na affiliation na watoa misaada
Mkuu UKIMWI upo, Ila UKIMWI unaosababishwa na kirusi (HIV)tulioaminishwa Miaka yote hadi Leo ni uongo wa kiwango cha juu sana. Soma hii thread yoteFafanua mkuu kwa maslahi mapana ya jamii.mi zamani nlikuwa naogopaga kwenda kupima kwenye vile vituo vya misaada,na NGOs,mana wazungu sina imani nao kabisa na masuala yao ya population control,huwa nahisi naweza kuambukiziwa hapohapo kwenye kupima na masindano yao,mimi huwa napendelea kwenda kupima kwa malipo tena hospitali binafsi isiyo na affiliation na watoa misaada
Okay mkuu,ngoja niupitieMkuu UKIMWI upo, Ila UKIMWI unaosababishwa na kirusi (HIV)tulioaminishwa Miaka yote hadi Leo ni uongo wa kiwango cha juu sana. Soma hii thread yote
Inawezekana mtu akalala na mwenye UKIMWI tena peku na asipate UKIMWI?
umesoma science au arts kwa kiwango gani?Habari wanabodi;
Hivi hili gonjwa hatari zaidi lipo au it is just a myth? Kinachonifanya nidhani hivyo ni kwanini mtu haumwi ile serious kabisa mpaka akishaenda kupima huo ugonjwa?
Nimekutana na scinareo kadha wa kadha, wengine unakuta wana afya nzuri kabisa, haumwi mara kwa mara ila wakisema tu waende kucheck afya na bahati mbaya wakakutwa na huo ugonjwa ndio majanga yanapoanza..
Sasa kama kuumwa kunaanza badala tu ya kwenda kupima, kuna umuhimu gani wa watu kupima?
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Sijasoma science wala arts.. Nimeishia la saba mkuuumesoma science au arts kwa kiwango gani?
HahaaaaaMimi hata kwa greda siendi kupima. majuzi niliota majipu kama 8 nikajua tayari.
Hapo sawa! Tunaelimishana, tumejifunza katika virology/bacteriology
Mkuu kwanza nimekwambia mimi darasa la 7 alafu wewe unaniletea jibu kwa lugha ya kitaalamu nisiyoielewa..Hapo sawa! Tunaelimishana, tumejifunza katika virology/bacteriology
A more general question: How do scientists prove that infectious disease ‘A’ is caused by bacterium/virus ‘A’ and not by bacterium/virus ‘Z’?
Let’s say I’m interested in an imaginary disease called chocolatitis ( a disease which forces its host to eat lots and lots of chocolate) which I suspect is caused by the also imaginary bacterium Chocolobacter. But suspicions aren’t good enough, I want to prove it.
Well just over 100 years ago a physician called Robert Koch (with help and advice from his colleagues) came up with a set of guidelines or postulates that can be used to establish that a certain organism is the cause of a certain disease. If I follow his guidelines I need to:
1) Establish that there is association of the organism with the disease. Basically this means that in cases of chocolatitis is Chocolobacter usually there? When a person/animal doesn’t have chocolatitis, is Chocolobacter usually absent? Even if I’ve established this it could still be the case that having chocolatitis isn’t caused by Chocolobacter, it just makes it really easy for Chocolobacter to also get in to the host. I can’t stop yet then, but must move onto…
2) Isolate the organism and grow it in pure culture. So I need to take Chocolobacter from the infected person/animal and grow it (so you get lots of Chocolobacter), e.g. on a petri dish. No other organisms should be growing on my petri dish – just Chocolobacter. Lets pretend I’ve managed to do this? Ok then next is …
3) Inoculate the disease into a healthy host and it should cause disease. My once healthy host which I’m using for this test has come down with chocolatitis and all I’ve done to them is give them Chocolobacter so I’m now pretty bloomin’ confident that Chocolobacter causes this disease but just to check…
4) Reisolate the organism from the diseased host and show it is identical to the organism you got in 2). This is basically the final check that it really really is Chocolobacter that causes chocolatitis. And yay, in my imaginary world the Chocolobacter I get out is identical to the Chocolobacter I put into my healthy host.
Because I have fulfilled all of these guidelines I have now established that Chocolobacter causes chocolatitis.
But it’s not always that easy. Even Koch himself recognised that most of the postulates are not universal and so should be treated more like guidelines.
Some infectious agents can be carried by hosts without the host experiencing any signs of disease – these are “asymptomatic carriers”. This messes up postulate 1 (it would mean that I could find Chocolobacter in healthy hosts as well as unhealthy ones).
Some agents are really difficult to isolate and culture. If the causes of chocolatitis was a virus it would be much harder for me to isolate it and grow it. There are still some organisms that we know exist (we can pick up their genetic sequence – more on that in part 2) but that we still can’t culture in the lab.
Just as we can find infectious agents in healthy hosts, if you put an infectious agent into a healthy host it may not cause disease in them even if this agent causes disease in other hosts. It might be that Chocolobacter is only dangerous to hosts with a suppressed immune system and so if I put it into a healthy host nothing would happen.
But although they are not hard and fast rules, they are still useful in that if the body of evidence supports my suspicion that chocolatitis is caused by Chocolobacter I can start to be more confident that my suspicion is correct.
Luckily, science has come on a long way since Robert Koch’s day. Scientists have taken his postulates and have adapted them to the technology that we have available to us now. More on this in part 2.
Hujui unachokiuliza! strange!!!!. Myth ni nini?Mkuu kwanza nimekwambia mimi darasa la 7 alafu wewe unaniletea jibu kwa lugha ya kitaalamu nisiyoielewa..
Pili, hicho ulicholeta ni yale yale yaliyopandikizwa kwa miaka mingi vichwani mwetu. The question was simple and clear, is that disease a myth? Kwanini wengi huumwa baada ya kupima? Kwanini Malaria na magonjwa mengine tunasikia dalili tangia mwanzo?
Mkuu naomba unijibu kwa uelewa wako sio copy and paste. Thanks!
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Wewe huna science, usijishaue. kwa swali lako wewe ni arts, tena nguin iliyopitiliza! Kwaheri!Mkuu kwanza nimekwambia mimi darasa la 7 alafu wewe unaniletea jibu kwa lugha ya kitaalamu nisiyoielewa..
Pili, hicho ulicholeta ni yale yale yaliyopandikizwa kwa miaka mingi vichwani mwetu. The question was simple and clear, is that disease a myth? Kwanini wengi huumwa baada ya kupima? Kwanini Malaria na magonjwa mengine tunasikia dalili tangia mwanzo?
Mkuu naomba unijibu kwa uelewa wako sio copy and paste. Thanks!
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