Je Vacuum au thermobaric ni bomu la aina gani? Russia walitumia kuipiga Ukraine 🇺🇦

Je Vacuum au thermobaric ni bomu la aina gani? Russia walitumia kuipiga Ukraine 🇺🇦

Bujibuji Simba Nyamaume

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Urusi imekuwa ikishutumiwa kwa kupanga kutumia silaha za aina ya thermobaric - zinazofahamika pia kama mabomu ya vacuum -katika uvamizi wake wa Ukraine.

Silaha hizi ni tata kwasababu husababisha uharibifu mkubwa zaidi kuliko vilipuzi vinavyofahamika vyenye ukubwa sawa na wake, na vina athari mbaya kwa yeyote atakayejipata kwenyeeneo la mlipuko wake.

Je, bomu la vacuum linafanya kazi vipi?
Bumu la vacuum, ambalo pia linaitwa bomu la aerosol au kilipuzi cha anga cha mafuta, huwa limeundwa kwa kontena ya mafuta pamoja na vifyatuzi viwili zilizotenganishwa vya vilipuzi.

Bomu hili linaweza kufyatuliwa kama roketi au kudondoshwa kama bomu kutoka kwenye ndege . Wakati linapopiga eneo, kifyatuzi cha kilipuzi hufungua kontena na mchanganyiko mkubwa wa mafuta husambaa kama wingu.

Wingu hili linaweza kupenya kweney mianya yoyote wazi ya jengo au maeneo yaliyolindwa kabisa ambayo yamezibwa kabisa. Kisha kifyatuzi kingine hulipua wingu hil, na kusababisha moto mkubwa, wimbi kubwa la mlipuko na vacuum ambayo hufyonza oksijeni yote inayozingira iliyopo katika eneo zima. Silaha hiyo inaweza kuharibu majengo, vifaa na kuua au kuwajeruhi watu.

Graphic showing how thermobaric weapons work


Mabomu haya hutumiwa kwa malengo mbali mbali na hutengenezwa katika ukubwa tofauti - ikiwa ni Pamoja na silaha kwa ajili ya matumizi ya mwanajeshi binafsi kama vile gurunadi na vilipuzi vinavyolipuliwa kwa mkono.

Mabomu haya makubwa yanayofyatuliwa kutoka kwenye ndege pia yametengenezwa, kwa ajili hasa ya kuua wanajeshi au wanaojilinda kwenye mapango na katika mahandaki - athari za silaha hizi huwa mbaya zai katika maeneo yaliyofungwa.

Katika mwaka 2007, Urusi ilifanya majaribio makubwa zaidi ya silaha za Thermobaric, ambazo pia zinaitwa ''Father of all bombs'' (Baba wa mabomu yote).

Ilitengeneza kilipuzi chenye ukubwa wa tani 44 za bomu la kawaida - na kulifanya kuwa kifaa kikubwa zaidi cha kulipua bomu lisilo la nyuklia duniani.

Kutokana na ubaya wa athari zake, na jinsi yanavyosaidia kujilinda dhidi ya wapinzani ambao huchimba mahandaki ndani ya majengo au mapango ya maficho, mabomu ya vacuum yamekuwa yakitumika katika mazingira ya mijini.

Mabomu haya ni muhimu kutokana na kile kinachoendelea nchini Ukraine, ambako vikosi vya Urusi yanajaribu kuchukua udhibiti wa mji mkuu, Kyiv, na miji mingine muhimu iliyopo mashariki mwa nchi.

Je, yanatumiwa katika Ukraine?
Balozi wa Ukraine katika Umoja wa Mataifa Oksana Markarova, ameishutumu Urusi kwa kutumia bomu katika katika uvamizi wake.
Hatahivyo, hakuna uthibitisho rasmi wa madai haya.
Pia kumeripowa na ripoti za kuonekana kwa vilipuzi vya roketi za thermobaric nchini Ukraine katika kipindi cha siku chache zilizopita.

Ni zipi sheria za vita za mambomu ya vacuum?
Hakunna sheria za kimataifa zinazozuwia matumizi yake, lakini kama nchi inayatumia kuwalenga raia katika makazi ya watu, shule au hospitali , basi inaweza kupatikana na hatia ya uhalifu wa kivita chini ya mkataba wa Heague wa mwaka 2899 na 1907.
Mwendesha mashitaka mkuu wa mahakama ya kimataifa ya uhalifu Karim Khan amesema kuwa mahakama yake itachunguza uwezekano wa kutekelezwa kwa uhalifu wa kivita katika Ukraine.

Ni wapi yalikotumika kabla?
Silaha za Thermobaric zilitumika katika Vita ya pili ya dunia , wakati zilipotumiwa kwa mara ya kwanza na jeshi la Ujerumani. Hazikutengenezwa katika maeneo mengi duniani hadi ilipofika miaka ya 1960, wakati Marekani ilipozitumia katika vita vya Vietnam.

Marekani pia iliyatumia katika mwaka 2001 kujaribu kuangamiza maficho ya vikosi vya al-Qaeda forces katika mapango ya milima ya Tora Bora nchini Afghanistan.

Urusi iliyatumia katika vita vya Chechnya katika mwaka 199 na ililaaniwa na shirika la kutete haki za binadamu la Human Rights Watch kwa kufanya hivyo.

Silaha za thermobaric zilizotengenezwa na Urusi ziliripotiwa kutumika katika vita vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe vya Syriana utawala wa Bashar al-Assad.
 
The Tsar Bomba (Russian: Царь-бо́мба), (code name: Ivan[5] or Vanya), also known by the alphanumerical designation "AN602", was a hydrogen aerial bomb, and the most powerful nuclear weapon ever created and tested. Tsar Bomba was developed in the Soviet Union (USSR) by a group of nuclear physicists under the leadership of Igor Kurchatov,[6] an academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union.[7]

Tsar Bomba
Tsar bomba=eM.png
Ground-level view of detonation (source: Rosatom State Corporation Communications Department: Rosatom: 20-08-2020 public release)[1]
 
Kwa neno vaccum kwa msaada wa Wikipedia imeniambia hivi



vacuum
Vacuum is space devoid of matter. The word stems from the Latin adjective vacuus for "vacant" or "void". An approximation to such vacuum is a region with a gaseous pressure much less than atmospheric pressure. Physicists often discuss ideal test results that would occur in a perfect vacuum, which they sometimes simply call "vacuum" or free space, and use the term partial vacuum to refer to an actual imperfect vacuum as one might have in a laboratory or in space. In engineering and applied physics on the other hand, vacuum refers to any space in which the pressure is considerably lower than atmospheric pressure. The Latin term in vacuo is used to describe an object that is surrounded by a vacuum.

The quality of a partial vacuum refers to how closely it approaches a perfect vacuum. Other things equal, lower gas pressure means higher-quality vacuum. For example, a typical vacuum cleaner produces enough suction to reduce air pressure by around 20%. But higher-quality vacuums are possible. Ultra-high vacuum chambers, common in chemistry, physics, and engineering, operate below one trillionth (10−12) of atmospheric pressure (100 nPa), and can reach around 100 particles/cm3. Outer space is an even higher-quality vacuum, with the equivalent of just a few hydrogen atoms per cubic meter on average in intergalactic space. According to modern understanding, even if all matter could be removed from a volume, it would still not be "empty" due to vacuum fluctuations, dark energy, transiting gamma rays, cosmic rays, neutrinos, and other phenomena in quantum physics. In the study of electromagnetism in the 19th century, vacuum was thought to be filled with a medium called aether. In modern particle physics, the vacuum state is considered the ground state of a field.

Vacuum has been a frequent topic of philosophical debate since ancient Greek times, but was not studied empirically until the 17th century. Evangelista Torricelli produced the first laboratory vacuum in 1643, and other experimental techniques were developed as a result of his theories of atmospheric pressure. A torricellian vacuum is created by filling a tall glass container closed at one end with mercury, and then inverting it in a bowl to contain the mercury (see below).Vacuum became a valuable industrial tool in the 20th century with the introduction of incandescent light bulbs and vacuum tubes, and a wide array of vacuum technologies has since become available. The recent development of human spaceflight has raised interest in the impact of vacuum on human health, and on life forms in general.
 
Kwa neno vaccum kwa msaada wa Wikipedia imeniambia hivi



vacuum
Vacuum is space devoid of matter. The word stems from the Latin adjective vacuus for "vacant" or "void". An approximation to such vacuum is a region with a gaseous pressure much less than atmospheric pressure. Physicists often discuss ideal test results that would occur in a perfect vacuum, which they sometimes simply call "vacuum" or free space, and use the term partial vacuum to refer to an actual imperfect vacuum as one might have in a laboratory or in space. In engineering and applied physics on the other hand, vacuum refers to any space in which the pressure is considerably lower than atmospheric pressure. The Latin term in vacuo is used to describe an object that is surrounded by a vacuum.

The quality of a partial vacuum refers to how closely it approaches a perfect vacuum. Other things equal, lower gas pressure means higher-quality vacuum. For example, a typical vacuum cleaner produces enough suction to reduce air pressure by around 20%. But higher-quality vacuums are possible. Ultra-high vacuum chambers, common in chemistry, physics, and engineering, operate below one trillionth (10−12) of atmospheric pressure (100 nPa), and can reach around 100 particles/cm3. Outer space is an even higher-quality vacuum, with the equivalent of just a few hydrogen atoms per cubic meter on average in intergalactic space. According to modern understanding, even if all matter could be removed from a volume, it would still not be "empty" due to vacuum fluctuations, dark energy, transiting gamma rays, cosmic rays, neutrinos, and other phenomena in quantum physics. In the study of electromagnetism in the 19th century, vacuum was thought to be filled with a medium called aether. In modern particle physics, the vacuum state is considered the ground state of a field.

Vacuum has been a frequent topic of philosophical debate since ancient Greek times, but was not studied empirically until the 17th century. Evangelista Torricelli produced the first laboratory vacuum in 1643, and other experimental techniques were developed as a result of his theories of atmospheric pressure. A torricellian vacuum is created by filling a tall glass container closed at one end with mercury, and then inverting it in a bowl to contain the mercury (see below).Vacuum became a valuable industrial tool in the 20th century with the introduction of incandescent light bulbs and vacuum tubes, and a wide array of vacuum technologies has since become available. The recent development of human spaceflight has raised interest in the impact of vacuum on human health, and on life forms in general.
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Dunia hii
Kwenye vita kuna kuchaguliana silaha 😄😄😄😄
 
Dunia ina unafki mwingi Sana Wakati WA uvamizi wa Afghanistan USA na NATO walikuwa wanaporomosha mabomu haya, hawakukemewa, kile kinachoitwa jumuiya ya kimataifa ilikuwa kimya.

Nchi za kiafrika zijitahidi Sana kujitegemea vinginevyo tutakuwa tunalaumu Sana wazungu na wachina kila siku na kuwekwa mtu Kati kama Ukraine.
 
Dunia ina unafki mwingi Sana Wakati WA uvamizi wa Afghanistan USA na NATO walikuwa wanaporomosha mabomu haya, hawakukemewa, kile kinachoitwa jumuiya ya kimataifa ilikuwa kimya.

Nchi za kiafrika zijitahidi Sana kujitegemea vinginevyo tutakuwa tunalaumu Sana wazungu na wachina kila siku na kuwekwa mtu Kati kama Ukraine.
Vivaraja wabawezje kujitegemea ?
Mfaransa anacwatu waje, USA aba waty wake, China,Rusdia nk kila taifa kubwa linakivaraka wake Africa.
Kujitegemea kwa Africa ni kuunganisha nguvu za kijeshi, uchumi nk.
SA pekee ndio inajaribu kujiundua silaha .
Raisi mwaftika haamini kayika kichwa chake mpaka asaidiwe njia na ba Mabwanyenye.
 
Vivaraja wabawezje kujitegemea ?
Mfaransa anacwatu waje, USA aba waty wake, China,Rusdia nk kila taifa kubwa linakivaraka wake Africa.
Kujitegemea kwa Africa ni kuunganisha nguvu za kijeshi, uchumi nk.
SA pekee ndio inajaribu kujiundua silaha .
Raisi mwaftika haamini kayika kichwa chake mpaka asaidiwe njia na ba Mabwanyenye.
Ulichokiandika sijakielewa.
 
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