Usijali my genius but help me with this,
I had been thinking of helping our agriculture sector for past 10 years though not trained in the field I decided to involve my self in releted fields and have been doing number of researches. I at last decided to develop models which still need testing and proper implementation strategies keep in mind that for any project to be viable there should be a political will that is not a problem if the models are right its easy to influence the decision makers. In one of my projects I wanted to involve my profesors into the move kuna shida na hao weupe niligundua nia yao si kuleta mapinduzi nao am trying a different approach. Since we colaborated in many ways into the Ideas if i will give the project document it will be uwizi sipendi kuwa mwizi but I am doing slowly away with them so that I can have my own Ideas and one of it is that which is below. Request I need input from you guys critical analysis hata kama ni kuiponda dont worry is part of the contribution..so that I can fully develop my project and try to find strategies of implementing.
..PROGRAM (General view to the report).
1. The report is well written and has included all the findings.
2. In lessons learnt there is one major factor I think is important to make it feature in our report and that is the role of extension staff as I could remember in areas where the extension staff have been fully involved and the staff are capable these were the areas where the adoption rate was high and the diffusion also was to a wider area. And this is seen even in the report as in places where there are institutions involved in agriculture extension places like
..thats where farmers were still using the technologies and have even improved from what they received from project. This takes me to my personal perception of the whole issue concerned with agriculture in general in Tanzania which is going to be my 3rd general view.
3. My perception is farmers in Tanzania to have good results in agriculture have to have long time partnership with extension staff and researchers, working together each learning from the other while extension staff acting as a bridge between the farmers and researchers on which is how it is theoretically supposed to be; the challenge is how could that happen to a population of 80% of farmers in the country be provided with the extension services? The major concern is perhaps the whole issue is going to be more expensive than the expected out put. That made me think critically and came up with a vague concept which really need to be challenged and thats why I am writing to you privately to see if it fits into the future after this study. In the beginning I thought I would be under your supervision thats why I hesitated to reveal the Idea before time, I was willing to wait but then the pressure was high for me to go for PhD. Leaving this going back to the issue. These are therefore my views on things to critically study.
Tanzania has an advantage of its land not being owned by few people privately for that case every family has an advantage that at least if they wish can access land for agricultural activities although this advantage now seem to be of short term as most of the economically powerful people are busy occupying land and conflicts are now starting to be experienced all over the country and especially between livestock and crop farmers. Although most people do not have title deeds to the land the law give them that right and how to get the right under THE LAND ACT, 1999 AND VILLAGE LAND ACT, 1999
These Acts tell people how the land is to be used, managed and owned throughout mainland Tanzania. What we need to contribute:
I. Research on how to make land remain accessible to all people and benefit the majority. At this stage I do not see a big problem as the president and the villages have authority over the land in the sphere of influence so incase of any problem we can revoke all the leases. For that case is just a mater of having a right policy on how to utilise this land if for example that land is a common property to all villagers then these people can use their land to alleviate their poverty as its their asset and so instead of every body being engaged into agriculture the village can rent the land to the investors and this is another area to research who should be the investors how should investment be made and so on. (Since there is no free market policy intervention is important to avoid monopolies esp.....)
II. If the arable land can be rented the rent should be used for village development activities at the same time the investors would be paying taxes to the government the implementation of this also need a research (pareto efficiency and Kicks & Kaldor theories and its application to Tanzania's particularities). Now here is the place of on farm research as far as agriculture is concerned and because the investors would be few then the issues of extension is resolved as not every rural person would be directly involved in extension services.
III. The rural people who were then participating in agriculture activities most of them would now provide labour to the invested estates in their areas here is another area to research to know as how can this happen without turning the whole business into exploiting these people (modifying the Nyereres theories of siasa ni kilimo) but rather making them realise the benefit of their spent time and efforts. In other words turning agriculture into formal employment as you would see they would have double benefit first as the land lords as their land is rented and rent is used for the public development activities i.e education; health and local infrastructure development acticities and as employees as their time and effort being paid for. This will also attract the mass youth who are migrating to urban areas in search of improved livelihoods. Again it would be interesting to research on how these people can contribute to social security bodies i.e pension institutes and health insurances and if contributors are many then these bodies would also cater for the needy such as old, hand caped, orphans and so on. This also is a potential area to research on.
IV. In conclusion you would see that the three capital as far as sustainable development is concerned is fully utilised such as
1. Natural capital: Land which will benefit the majority
2. Human capital: Well informed and economic powerful individuals jointly or with partnership with foreigners (Investors); Agricultural professionals employed as professionals
Illiterate employed as manual workers
3. Man made capital: The investment made in the field of agriculture in terms of financial; machineries (Irrigation schemes; tractors etc) and technologies such as seed varieties; mode of cultivation etc
4. What remains is social capital which is very crucial and now under threat due to poverty, this would develop as time goes as the whole system become stable and benefit realised by every categories of the people. As a result trust would develop between rulers and ruled; the have and have not; the learned and unlearned in the sector of agriculture.
Conclusion this approach is chosen (Labour intensive approach) as the country's saving ratio is not good enough to justify the capital intensive model for that case the sector would lead into helping the country into better saving for future intensive investiments in the field of minerals and other sectors as you well know the country is resource rich if immediate measures would be taken to rescue the ongoing resource Mis-management and utilization to sustainably support development.
I dont know if the idea is viable and fits to our proposal. Since Its just a private communication now you would see what fits the present need and see how the other concept can be developed into the realities.