Legal status of people with disabilities in tanzania

In Tanzania, there have been a long time efforts to make sure that all people, with and without disabilities are valued the same at all life affairs. Different documents are enacted to recognize people with disabilities legally. These documents seek to reduce the effects of disabilities economically, socially and politically. It is also purposive to intervene these people with disabilities within the country and prepare better future for all citizens.


The following are some of these enacted laws and policies.

The Persons with Disability Act, 2010, enacted by Parliament in April 2010 and assented by the President of the United Republic of Tanzania on 20th May 2010, makes provision for:
Health care; Social support; Accessibility; Rehabilitation; Education and vocational training; Communication; Employment or work protection and; Promotion of basic rights for persons with disabilities.

The Zanzibar Education Policy and its Education Development Program (2007)
This policy finalized in late 2007, focuses on improving access to education for children with disabilities.

Persons with Disabilities (Rights and Privileges) Act 2006 (Act No. 9 of 2006)
It deals with workers with disabilities. It is divided into six parts, each part having its specific role to play.
Part I - Preliminary Provisions
Part II - Rights and Privileges of Persons with Disabilities [includes inter alia provisions on discrimination in employment, duty to offer employment and education]
Part III - Civic Rights
Part IV - Establishment of the Zanzibar National Council for Persons with Disabilities
Part V - The Zanzibar Development Fund for Persons with Disabilities
Part VI - Miscellaneous Provisions

National Strategy for Growth and Reduction of Poverty (MKUKUTA), 2005-2010 and the Zanzibar Strategy for Growth and Reduction of Poverty (MKUZA), 2006-2010.

These are the strategies which are entailed in the Millennium Development Goals (MDG) for Tanzania Mainland and Zanzibar respectively. These strategies, among many issues explained in them, they recognize disability as among the major causes of poverty, and that it should be taken into consideration for the purpose of fully development of Tanzanian society.
MKUKUTA and MKUZA as they are derived from MDGs, plan that in 2025 there must be improved life quality to be co-enjoyed by both people with and without disabilities. Labour

Relation Act of 2005 (No.1)
It prohibits discrimination based on disability in the context of Trade Union’s constitution or activities

National Policy on Disability of 2004
The policy aims at providing a conducive environment for people with disabilities to engage in productive works for their development and the utilization of available resources for improved service delivery.

Employment and Labor Relations Act of 2004 (No.6)
This act forbids direct and indirect discrimination in any employment policy, including discrimination based on disability.

National Employment Promotion Service Act of 1999 (No.9)
This act provides or makes arrangements for the registration, employment, counseling, vocational rehabilitation and placement of persons with disabilities.

Zanzibar Labor Act of 1997 (No.3)
The act lays down fundamental rights concerning the employment of people with disabilities.

Vocational Education and Training Act of 1994 (No.1)
The act provides a legal framework for implementation of a flexible vocational education and training system that respond to the labour market.

Workmen’s Compensation Act No.15 of 1986
This Act defines the Compensatable disease as “any disease which was contracted while a person concerned was performing a work or was present while a work was performed and any other disease which the Minister, on the advice of the Labor Advisory Board declares by notice in the Gazette, to be a compensatable disease”. It asserts that any worker who can get disability resulted from the workplace of a sector which is under government system will be compensated by the government.

Disabled Persons (employment) Regulations of 1985
Government Notice No. 464: Disabled Persons (Employment) Regulations 1985.
Gazette of the United Republic of Tanzania, 1985-12-20, N. 51, Supplement N., p. 700-709. Defines the eligibility and registration requirements for disabled persons under the Disabled Persons Employment Act 1982 (No. 2 of 1982). Reserves for them two percent of the vacancies in vocational training centers (s. 8 (2)) and requires every registered employer to employ registered disabled persons so as to constitute at least two percent of the employees (s. 10(1)). Includes schedules showing the towns and districts to which the Regulation applies and the registration forms to be used.

Disabled Persons (employment) Act of 1982 (No. 2)
An Act to make provision for enabling persons handicapped by disablement to secure employment or work on their own account and for purposes connected with those matters. It establishes a quota system which stipulates that 2% of the work force in companies with over 50 employees must be persons with disabilities. Also establishes the National Advisory Council which advices the minister responsible for social welfare of the people with disabilities.

Disabled Persons (Care and Maintenance) Act of 1982 (No.3)

It provides and designates responsibilities of caring for disabled persons to families, relatives, local governments, central government and non-governmental organizations. Also establishes a National Fund for Disabled Persons.

Conclusion
There is a need to go further in the process of putting budget aside for the respective areas outlined in these legal documents. We need to see in the near future that also people with disabilities are fully included in the government leadership being elected and appointed as ministers, commissioners and other related decent posts within the country.

For more information visit: Sokime and the New Inclusive Nation

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Kisheria hali ya watu wenye ulemavu nchini Tanzania

Katika Tanzania, kumekuwa na juhudi za muda mrefu kuhakikisha kwamba watu wote, pamoja na bila ulemavu ni thamani sawa katika masuala yote ya maisha. Nyaraka mbalimbali ni iliyotungwa kutambua watu wenye ulemavu kisheria. Nyaraka hizi kutafuta ili kupunguza madhara ya ulemavu kiuchumi, kijamii na kisiasa. Pia ni purposive kuingilia hawa watu wenye ulemavu ndani ya nchi na kuandaa bora ya baadaye kwa ajili ya wananchi wote.

Zifuatazo ni baadhi ya sheria hizi zilizotungwa na sera.

Watu wenye Ulemavu Sheria ya 2010, iliyotungwa na Bunge mwezi Aprili 2010 na kuidhinishwa na Rais wa Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania tarehe 20 Mei 2010 , hufanya utoaji kwa ajili ya:

Huduma za afya ; Jamii msaada; Upatikanaji ; Rehabilitation ; Elimu na mafunzo ya ufundi stadi ; Mawasiliano; ajira au kinga ya kazi na , kuendeleza haki za msingi kwa watu wenye ulemavu.

Elimu Zanzibar Sera na Elimu yake ya Programu ya Maendeleo (2007)

Sera hii kukamilika mwishoni mwa mwaka 2007 , inalenga katika kuboresha upatikanaji wa elimu kwa watoto wenye ulemavu.

Watu wenye Ulemavu (Haki na Haki ) Sheria ya 2006 ( Sheria Namba 9 ya 2006)
Ni mikataba na wafanyakazi wenye ulemavu. Ni imegawanywa katika sehemu sita , kila sehemu kuwa na jukumu zake maalum ya kucheza.

Sehemu ya I - Awali Masharti
Sehemu ya II - Haki na Haki za Watu wenye Ulemavu [ ni pamoja na vifungu bl.a. juu ya ubaguzi katika ajira ya wajibu, na kutoa ajira na elimu ]
Sehemu ya III - Civic Haki za
Sehemu ya IV - Uanzishwaji wa Zanzibar Baraza la Taifa la Watu wenye Ulemavu
Sehemu ya V - Maendeleo Zanzibar Mfuko wa Watu Wenye Ulemavu
Sehemu ya VI - Miscellaneous Masharti

Mkakati wa Kukuza Uchumi na Kupunguza Umaskini (MKUKUTA ), 2005-2010 na Mkakati wa Kukuza Uchumi Zanzibar na Kupunguza Umaskini Zanzibar (MKUZA ), 2006-2010.

Hizi ni mikakati ambayo ni kilichomo katika Malengo ya Maendeleo ya Milenia (MDG) kwa Tanzania Bara na Zanzibar kwa mtiririko huo. Mikakati hii, miongoni mwa masuala mengi alielezea katika wao , wanatambua ulemavu kama miongoni mwa sababu kubwa ya umaskini, na kwamba ni lazima kuzingatiwa kwa madhumuni ya maendeleo kikamilifu jamii ya Kitanzania .
MKUKUTA na MKUZA kama wao ni inayotokana na MDGs, mpango huo mwaka 2025 lazima kuna kuboreshwa maisha bora kwa kuwa ushirikiano walifurahia na watu wote pamoja na bila ulemavu. Kazi

Uhusiano wa Sheria ya 2005 ( No.1 )
Ni inakataza ubaguzi kwa misingi ya ulemavu katika mazingira ya katiba ya Biashara ya Umoja au shughuli

Sera ya Taifa ya Ulemavu ya 2004
Sera inalenga kutoa mazingira mazuri kwa watu wenye ulemavu kushiriki katika kazi za uzalishaji kwa ajili ya maendeleo yao na matumizi ya rasilimali za kutosha kwa ajili ya utoaji wa huduma bora .

Ajira na Mahusiano ya Kazi ya Sheria ya mwaka 2004 ( No.6 )
Kitendo hiki inakataza moja kwa moja na moja kwa moja ubaguzi katika sera yoyote ya ajira, ikiwa ni pamoja na ubaguzi kwa misingi ya ulemavu.

Ya Taifa ya Ajira Uendelezaji wa Sheria ya 1999 ( No.9 )
Kitendo hiki hutoa au hufanya mipango kwa ajili ya usajili , ajira, ushauri nasaha , ukarabati ufundi na uwekaji wa watu wenye ulemavu.

Zanzibar Kazi ya Sheria ya mwaka 1997 ( No.3 )
Kitendo huutoa haki za msingi kuhusu ajira ya watu wenye ulemavu.

Elimu ya Ufundi na Mafunzo ya Sheria ya mwaka 1994 (No.1 )
Kitendo inatoa mfumo wa kisheria kwa ajili ya utekelezaji wa elimu ya ufundi na mfumo rahisi mafunzo ya kwamba kukabiliana na soko la ajira.

Fidia ya wafanyakazi wa Sheria No.15 ya 1986
Sheria hii amefafanua ugonjwa Compensatable kama " maradhi yoyote ambayo ilipewa zabuni wakati mtu husika alikuwa akifanya kazi au alikuwepo wakati kazi alikuwa akifanya na maradhi yoyote nyingine ambayo Waziri, juu ya ushauri wa Bodi ya Ushauri ya Kazi anatangaza kwa taarifa ya Gazeti la Serikali, kwa kuwa ugonjwa compensatable ". Ni anadai kwamba mfanyakazi yoyote ambaye anaweza kupata ulemavu ilisababisha kutoka mahali pa kazi wa sekta ambayo ni chini ya mfumo wa serikali itakuwa fidia na serikali.

Watu walemavu ( ajira ) Kanuni ya 1985
Serikali No 464 : Walemavu Watu ( ajira ) Kanuni 1985.
Gazeti la Serikali ya Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania, 1985/12/20 , tabia ya 51, Supplement tabia , p. 700-709 . Amefafanua mahitaji ya kustahiki na usajili kwa ajili ya watu wenye ulemavu chini ya ajira Walemavu Watu Sheria ya mwaka 1982 ( Namba 2 ya 1982). Akiba kwa ajili yao asilimia mbili ya nafasi za kazi katika vituo vya mafunzo ya ufundi stadi (kifungu 8 ( 2)) na inahitaji kila mwajiri usajili kuajiri kusajiliwa watu wenye ulemavu ili kuanzisha angalau asilimia mbili ya wafanyakazi (kifungu 10 ( 1)). Ni pamoja na ratiba kuonyesha miji na wilaya ambayo inatumika Kanuni na usajili hutengeneza kutumika.

Watu walemavu ( ajira) Sheria ya mwaka 1982 ( No. 2)
Sheria ya kuweka masharti kwa ajili ya kuwezesha watu walemavu na kilema kupata ajira au kazi kwenye akaunti zao wenyewe na kwa madhumuni ya kushikamana na mambo hayo. Ni itaanzisha mfumo wa upendeleo ambayo inatamka kwamba 2 % ya nguvu kazi katika makampuni na wafanyakazi zaidi ya 50 lazima watu wenye ulemavu. Pia itaanzisha ya Taifa ya Baraza la Ushauri Ushauri ambayo Waziri anayehusika na ustawi wa jamii ya watu wenye ulemavu.

Watu walemavu ( Care na matengenezo ) Sheria ya mwaka 1982 ( No.3 )

Inatoa na huanzisha majukumu ya kujali kwa watu walemavu kwa familia, ndugu na jamaa, serikali za mitaa , serikali kuu na mashirika yasiyo ya kiserikali. Pia itaanzisha Mfuko wa Taifa wa Watu Walemavu .

Hitimisho
Kuna haja ya kwenda zaidi katika mchakato wa kuweka kando kwa ajili ya bajeti ya maeneo husika ilivyoainishwa katika nyaraka hizi za kisheria. Tunataka kuona katika siku za usoni kwamba watu wenye ulemavu pia ni kikamilifu pamoja na katika uongozi wa serikali ya kuchaguliwa na kuteuliwa kama mawaziri, makamishna na wengine kuhusiana na posts heshima ndani ya nchi.

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