Lost Decades - In Search of Ujamaa


In my own opinion, nyerere was the best President in Africa (though that you may mention any other one you admire); at least he made his footprints, by designing a route a Nation should follow. Ni kiongozi pekee, among Africans, aliweza kuweka bluprint; kwa muelekeo wa Taifa lake. He made it clear that; the writing of Arusha Declaration was not complete and can be amended as generations passed. Wengine hutafsiri kuwa Ujamaa ni Socialism lakini yeye mwenyewe alikataa na kusema it was in African way. Nyerere aliheshimu human rights, na freedom of worship kwa individuals na groups ingawa siasa ya chama kimoja ilimtafsiri kama ni dictator (ingawa ni kweli ali-dictate terms).

Zakumi, mie siyo Mjamaa wala bepari wala nani, na sioni katika maelezo yote uliyoongea hapo juu (na kufuatilia katika topic zako) umeongea appreaciations for other issues which this great thinker did. Watu mnasema ati alifeli kwenye Uchumi; please substnantiate it how did he fail us in economy. Hivi kama Nyerere alifeli katika kutekeleza yale ambayo alianzisha, kwa nini wale waliofuata walishindwa kusahihisha? Mwinyi kama angekuwa na uwezo basi angeweza kabisa in 10 years akasahihisha makosa ya Nyerere. Now make a comparison between the 10 years of Mwinyi and the 23 years of Nyerere when did things go more wrong.Kuna factors kama ulivyosema hapo juu during Nyerere kulikuwa na cold war, demise of EAst African Community, Ukame, Vita ya Uganda nk. Umeacha labda factor nyingine kubwa (ambalo lilikuwa ni kosa la Nyerere; Ukombozi wa Africa) ambapo most of the money was used. Lete sasa zama za Mwinyi; what factors? Mkapa inhrited a government which was bankrupt; with brokenup macro economy system, a country without direction. Mwinyi introduced Azimio La Zanzibar ambalo hadi leo lina tu-haunt.

Believe me, waTanzania wengi tuko wajinga, kama other fellow-Africans; labda tu ni kuwa in a cream of our learders we had only one intelligent man, Mr. Nyerere; we didn't understand his theories and teachings. Na sasa hivi it is too late to go back to the Arusha Delaration and amend it for better reading; our minds are already infested; itabidi turudi kwenye mental slavery ileile ambayo Nyerere alitukuta nayo; and tutakosa wa kumlaumu.
 
Zakumi,
Mkuu wangu nadhani watu wengi wamekueleza mambo mengi sana kuhusiana na Ujamaa...Hakika swala hapa sidhani kama ni Ujamaa isipokuwa Nyerere mwenyewe na uongozi wake kwani hukumu nzima ya mada hii imelenga Tanzania ktk kipindi cha miaka 13 na sii Ujamaa kwa mtazamo wa upana wa neno - In search of Ujamaa!

Tanzania leo hii hatuwezi kujigamba kwamba sisi ni Mabepari!.. na wala hatuna harufu ya Ubepari, Tunapuyanga tu mkuu wangu in search of...na kesho tukishindwa siwezi kabisa kusema tumeshindwa kutokana na Ubepari..Hatufuati wala hatufanyi Ubepari isipokuwa ni kitu fulani kinachofanana na Ubepari.
Ni bora mara kumi wakati wa Nyerere tulikuwa na dira na kama alivyosema Interested Observer nadhni hakuna haja ya kuongezea lolote zaidi nitaharibu mchuzi...

Kwa hiyo umezungumzia mambo mengi sana mazuri lakini unapochukua jukumu la kusema umefanya utafiti wako nadhani hapa itakuwa vizuri sana ukitupa picha nzima. Ni sehemu zipi umezipita na watu gani umekutana nao ktk kukutaarifu ambao wamekuhakikishia kwamba kushindwa kwa Ujamaa kumetokana na sababu za ndani..
As if una support Ujamaa na ilitegemea ungefanikiwa kama wasingefanya mambo fulani fulani kinyume cha Ujamaa...
 
Ubuntu/Ujamaamaniac nimechelewa kurudi. Naenda kulala. Ila kwa ufupi Ujamaa ulishaelezwa maana yake na Muasisi wake. Ujamaa ni imani. Ni mtazamo wa kifikra ambao unapinga Ubepari/Unyama wa kimagharibi na Ukomunisti/Ushetani na kimashariki. Nguzo zake kuu zinazotokana na maisha ya asili ya Kiafrika ni 3 - kuheshimu utu (wa kila mtu), kufanya kazi (kwa pamoja) na kugawana mapato (kwa usawa).

1. Ujamaa haukutekelezwa kwenye Kilimo - Dola kwa kutumia NAFCO ilitwaa ardhi ya wakulima na wafugaji na kuyaendesha mashamba kwa mfumo wa 'Ubepari wa Dola'.

2. Ujamaa haukutekelezwa kwenye Utawala - Vijiji vya Kijamaa vya hiari vilivyofanikiwa kama RDA vilifungiwa na Dola na vijiji visivyo vya hiari viliundwa kwa operesheni sogeza.

3. Ujamaa hauu...Itaendelea kesho...usiku mwema...
 

Mkandara:

Naona wengi mnakataa kuwa kilichotokea katika kipindi hiki kilikuwa sio Ujamaa au njia ya kwenda kwenye ujamaa basi nimetumia muda kutafuta kile yeye mwenyewe alichokiandika katika maandiko yake aliyoitwa.SOCIALISM AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT (UJAMAA NA MAENDELEO VIJIJINI). Ukiangalia yale tuliyopitia katika kipindi cha 1967-1981, sijuhi nani atasema kuwa njia ile ilikuwa sio ya ujamaa.



Our agricultural organization would be predominantly that of cooperative living and working for the good of all.

This means that most of our farming would be done by groups of people who live as a community and work as a community. They would live together in a village; they would farm together; market together, and undertake the provision of local services and small local requirements as a community.

Their community would be the traditional family group, or any other group of people living according to UJAMAA principles, large enough to take account of modern methods and the twentieth century needs of man.

The land this community farmed would called ‘our land’ by all the members; the crops they produced on that land would be called ‘our crop’; it would be ‘our shop’ which provided individual members with day-to-day necessities from outside and other buildings were constructed, and so. By Julius Nyerere September 1967
 
..samahani nimetoka nje ya mada...kuhusu masuala ya Ujamaa hayo yana wataalamu wake kama Companero,Mwanakijiji,Mkandara,na Kishoka.


Serpent Generale,

Sisi ni Progressive Wajamaa bwana, usituogope!
 

Kuhusu Nyerere kuwa kiongozi bora barani Africa hayo ni maoni yako binafsi. Tuwaachie watu wengine nao wanatafuta ni kiongozi gani bora katika nchi zao.

Vilevile sikutaka mjadala huu uwe wa comparison wa rais gani kafanya nini.

Kuhusu sisi kutoelewa theories and teachings nadhani ilikuwa ni matter of choice. Ni our rights kuchagua ni kitu gani tuelewe na tufuate. Wananchi wengi wakiamka wanafikiria watoto wao watakula nini na sio kuelewa mafundisho ya kisiasa.

Lakini tunaweza kugawanya theories katika makundi matatu. Kuna theories ambazo ni invalid. Kuna theories ambazo zimepitwa na wakati. Na kuna theories zilizotangulia wakati. Hili kuweka heshima ya mwalimu, basi nitasema Nyerere and his therioes were ahead of time.
 

Ukirudi ukumbini kwanza soma hivi vipande vya Nyerere mwenyewe.


It is essential that we should tighten up industrial discipline. Slackness at work, and failure to give a hard day’s effort in return for wages paid, is a form of exploitations; it is an exploitation of the other members of society. And slackness has undoubtedly increased since the Arusha Declaration was passed.
JKN 1977 Arusha Declaration Ten Years After.


Tanzania has very serious problems and very real problems, but socialism isn't the problem. We have good policies, good plans. We have good leadership.
JKN 1982 addressing CCM conference


We are poorer now than we were in 1972
JKN December 1981
 

Mashamba ya NAFCO hayakuwa organized hivyo. Wala ranchi za NARCO hazikuwa organized hivyo. Hata yale ma-SISAL PLANTATION hayakuwa organized hivyo. Pia SPM - MGOLOLO haikuwa organized hivyo. Kulikuwa na 'STATE CAPITALIST FARMING'. Na hicho Nyerere ndio alikijutia aliposema:

There are things that I would have done more firmly or not at all. For example, I would not nationalize the sisal plantations. This was a mistake. I did not realize how difficult it would be for the state to manage agriculture. Agriculture is difficult to socialize. I tried to tell my government that what was traditionally the family's in the village social organization should be left with the family, while what was new could be communalized at the village level. The land issue and family holdings were very sensitive. I saw this intellectually but it was hard to translate it into policy implementation. But I still think that in the end Tanzania will return to the values and basic principles of the Arusha Declaration.

Aisee ile warsha haijaisha, ngoja niiwahi maana ina pointi kibao kwa nini hii mifumo yenu ya Uchumi wa Soko inatulostisha tu kuliko Ujamaa, nitajibu hoja/nukuu zako kuhusu alichosema Mwalimu Miaka 10 baada ya Azimio la Arusha nikirudi. Ukipata nakala ya 'Honest to My Country' by Candid Scope kilochochambua hoja za Mwalimu Miaka 10 baada ya Azimio kipitie, kimetulia.
 

Asante kwa kuthibitisha hoja ya Nyerere kuwa Ujamaa ni asili yetu toka zamani.
 
Ujamaa ulikuwa ni mfumo ambao mwalimu aliamini kwamba hakukua na chaguo jingine kwa nchi masikini kama Tanzania. Mwalimu aliamini ya kwamba kupata Uhuru pekee kutaweza kusababisha pia Tanzania kusimama kiuchumi, katika maandiko yake mwenye "Third World Negosiation Strategy" Mwalimu anasema " Tumeanza kufahamu ya kwamba uhuru wa kiasiasa hautoshi. Lazima uwe na uhuru wa kiuchumi....."

Uchumi ni jambo ambalo liko very complex, namwalimu hakuwa mtaalamu wa jambo hili. Hata hivyo katika upande mwingine wa shilingi, Mwalimu hakuwa na machaguo mengi ya kufanya. Mwalimu aliachiwa nchi ambayo inategemea kusafirisha malighafi ili ijiendeshe (mfumo mbovu kabisa wa kuendesha uchumi). Na vile vile nchi za magharibi zilikuwa zinanguvu ya kucontrol bei ya malighafi zetu. Lakini sisi hatukuwa na nguvu ya kubargain bei ya bidhaa zao, mfano 1970s mafuta yalipopanda bei ya matrekta na vitu vingine nayo ilipanda, lakini bei ya mkonge ilibaki pale pale.

Lawama zangu kwa mwalimu sio ujamaa, bali namlaaumu mwalim kwa kutuzalishia hawa wezi tulio nao leo (Mafisadi). Mfumo mbovu wa sheria ndio umetufikisha hapa tulipo leo.

Swali kubwa ni Jee tutanakwenda wapi? Jee Tanzania inaweza kusimama kiuchumi kiasi kwamba Kibwana nae akafurahia ukuwaji wa 7%? Nadhani haya ni maswali ambayo inabidi tujiulize, huku tukitazama tulipo toka, tulipo na tunapokwenda.
 
Zakumi,

Kwenye kupekenyua kwangu mtandao, nimekutana na hiki kipande ambacho kimeandikwa kuwa ni hotuba ya Nyerere aliyotoa mwaka 1980.

Sina uhakika aliyeiandika au aliyeichapa kwenye kurasa zake aliipata wapi, nami nanukuu na kutia jina kapuni ya nilikoitoa.

 

Mtanganyika:

Nakubaliana na overview ya points zako. Lakini inabidi tuliangalie swala la nchi za tajiri ku-control bei kwa makini sana. Ama sivyo tutakuwa tu-argue points ambazo hazi-exist.

Kuna vitu viwili vya kuangalia. Kitu cha kwanza, uchumi wetu unategemea kuuza commodities, kahawa, chai, dhahabu na vitu vingine.

Kutoka na uchumi ulivyo mbaya hapa, nimepunguza matumizi yangu. Nimepunguza kunywa kahawa kutoka Starbucks. Nimepunguza manunuzi ya nguo. Nimepunguza matumizi ya gari langu. Nimeacha kula fast food au kwenye restaurants na najipikia mwenyewe. Actions zangu nilizofanya zinambana mzalishaji wa commodities ata aliyekuwepo Tanzania.

Hivyo ukisema nchi za magharibi zina-control price ya commodities, unakuwa sio mkweli kamili. Kama uchumi wa nchi za magharibi unayumba, watu watapunguza kunywa kahawa, chai au kununua maua.

Kitu cha pili ni nchi za magharibi kutoa ruzuku kwa wakulima wao na kufanya bei ya bidhaa zetu kuwa za bei ya juu. Hili siwezi kufanya speculation yoyote hile.

Cha muhimu ni lazima wachumi, wanasiasa na policy markers wetu waelewe vitu hivi na wawe na mbinu za kukabiliana navyo. Na njia moja ni kuwa na reserve pale uchumi unapokuwa mzuri.

Kuhusu kupanda kwa gharama ya matrekta hiyo sio sahii kabisa. Bei za machinery zimepungua kwa kiasa kikubwa duniani. Breakthrough katika technologies imewezesha vitu kama matrekta kuwa bei ya chini.

Katika kipindi hicho hicho tulichokuwa tunalalamika nchi za Asia zimeweza kuongeza uzalishaji kwa zaidi ya mara mbili.
 

Mkuu hiyo hotuba kali ya Mwalimu aliitoa kwenye Kongamano lililoitwa ' South-North Conference on the International Monetary System and the New International Order' pale AICC, Arusha ambapo walitoa tamko la 'The Arusha Initiative: The Callfor a United Nations Conference on International Money and Finance'. Katika kongamano hili kichwa Justinian Rweyemamu naye alitoa mada nzito ya 'Restructuring the International Monetary System'.

Hiyo hotuba ya Nyerere ilikuwa na kichwa hichi: "No to IMF Meddling: President Nyerere's New Year Message 1980 to the Diplomats accredited to Tanzania'. Humo ndipo aliponena haya maneno mazito "When did the IMF become an International Ministry of Finance?" na kuhoji "When did nations agree to surrender to it their power of decision making?". Haya ndio maswali ambayo tulitakiwa tuyaulize majuzi pale Kilimanjaro Kempiski!

P.S. Hotuba hiyo imechapishwa kwenye Development Dialogue 1980:2
 
Rev.Kishoka,

..ukiondoa jina Tanzania kwenye hiyo hotuba unaweza kusema imetolewa na Mzee Robert Gabriel Mugabe.

..nadhani it was immature kugombana na hawa jamaa na kusababisha wananchi kupata shida.

..kwa mtizamo wangu kiongozi ambaye nchi yake haina MAFUTA hapaswi kutoa hotuba ya namna hiyo.
 

Rev. Kishoka:

Kulijibu swali lako itabidi nitoe historia kidogo. Baada ya vita vya pili vya dunia na mafanikio ya Marshall plan kuisaida Europe, waChumi wakaanza kufikiria kuwa nchi za magharibi zikitoa sehemu ndogo ya mapato yao na kusaidia nchi masikini kama vile Tanzania basi nchi hizo masikini zinaweza kukuza uchumi wao na baadaye kujitegemea. Na kuna mathematical model inayotumika kuangalia ni kiasa gani nchi zilizoendelea kutoa.

Tanzania kutokana na blue prints zake iliongoza kwenye kwa kupewa misaada. Katika kipindi cha 1968-1981, Tanzania ilipata 3 Billion USd. Na mpaka kufikia 1981 kwa mwaka tulikuwa tunapokea 600 Million kwa mwaka.

Sasa ni lazima tuangalie mtazamo wa wale wanaotusaidia katika hoja hizi. Je wao walikuwa na mtazamo gani.

Mtazamo wao ulikuwa ni Economic Growth. Hicho ndicho walichotegemea kutoka kwetu. Suala la sisi kuwa na mabomba ya maji, zahanati, elimu ya bure bila na kuwa na economic growth don't attract donors. Hili uweze ku-sustain huduma za jamii ni lazima uwe na Economic Growth (period). Kama huna economic growth, utaendelea kuomba omba tu.

Hivyo kufikia 80s, First generation ya misaada kwa nchi masikini ikawa imefikia kikomo kwa masikitiko kuwa misaada haikuweza kufanya uchumi wa nchi Hivyo ikaanza Generation ya pili ya misaada. Generation ya pili inasema kuwa masikini kukua, misaada ni lazima iendane na private investments. Ni lazima misaada iambatane na reforms itakayowezesha private investments. Mgogoro kati ya World bank, IMF na Nyerere hupo hapa. World Bank, IMF na wahisani walichakubali kuwa serikali za nchi masikini haziwezi kuongoza nchi zao kutoka umasikini bila private investments. Lakini Nyerere bado alikuwa kwenye first Generation ya misaada. Alitaka serikali kuwa ndio chanzo cha economic growth.

Generation ya pili ilikwenda miaka ya mwishoni mwa 90s. Sasa hivi ni generation ya tatu ya misaada ambayo inajumlisha vitu vitatu muhimu. Misaada, private investment, na good governance.

Papers zimeshaanza kutoka kuonyesha kuwa good govername inaweza pia isiwe dawa ya Economic growth.

Haya ndio yangu kuhusu hotuba ya Nyerere. Wahisani tayari walisha-change gear.
 

Kwanini waChina hawaulizi 'Restructuring the International Monetary System'.?

Nchi nyingi zinazopiga kelele ni kwa sababu zinategemea misaada.
 
Zakumi na Jokakuu,
wakuu, mnaweza sana kumbeza mwalimu na kulaumu yote haya lakini kama kweli mnawafahamu watu hawa nadhani msingesema yote haya..
sasa turudi ktk hali halisi..sasa hivi nchi za magharibi zinayumba kiuchumi. Na ni hawa waliotuletea sote Globalization.. sasa waulize watu hawa hawa ni wangapi wanachukia kuona vitu toka nje vikiuzwa madukani mwao!.. asilimia kubwa ya wananchi wa nchi hizi wanapiga vita vikali tena kuna watu hutukana kabisaa.....
leo Globalization imekuwa chumi inayopigwa vita wna wao wenyewe wakati sisi nchi maskini tumeingizwa bila kupenda..Tena basi wachumi wanaandika na vitabu kuonyesha jinsi mfumo huu unavyoharibu uchumi mzima wa nchi tajiri.. Lakini mwalimu alipotumia sababu kama zao ktk kulinda maslahi ya nchi zetu maskini alionekana mchawi..
Kuna jamaa kasema ati wakinunua nguo, fedha inaenda China, wakinunua Pc fedha inaenda India, vyakula fedha inakwenda Mexico..leo hii nimeona sticker ktk gari moja ikisema - Have lost your job yet?... Buy foreign!..
Haya ni maneno mazito sana na kampeni moja chafu sana (siasa) kama utaifikiria ujumbe kama huu unawafikia watu wangapi..
Kwa hiyo mkuu wangu tuwe wakweli na tufahamu tunapokwenda bila kusahau tunakotoka..Muhimu zaidi ni sisi kuwa wajanja pia, kupanga vipaumbele vyetu kulingana na mahitaji yetu kwani hakuna rafiki inapofikia maswala ya ngawila..
Ubepari maana yake ni Fedha mbele ya kila kitu na Think of Yourself ahead of everyone kwani usipojiweza wewe hakuna tena biashara.
 


Mkandara naomba soma tena posti yangu niliyomjibu Kishoka. Nimeeleza kuhusu generation tatu za misaada walizotoa mabepari kwa nchi masikini na mtazamo wao kuhusu sisi.

Haitatosha kupiga kelele kuwa wao ni Axis of Evil wakati huna mikakati yako binafsi ya kubadilika.
 
Zakumi,
Haitatosha kupiga kelele kuwa wao ni Axis of Evil wakati huna mikakati yako binafsi ya kubadilika.________________
Mkuu hapa kidogo umeniacha nje.. Unapopiga kelele kuwa wao ni Axis of Evil unatakiwa wewe tena ndio ubadilike?..vipi tena mkuu wangu huoni kama hii haikukaa vizuri!..wakati wewe ni msafi ubadilike nini tena?..
I mean kama mtu mwingine ni shetani iweje tena wewe ubadilike ili uwe kitu gani!..shetani kama yeye!.. hapo sijakuelewa hapo..nachofahamu mimi unatakiwa wewe kujilinda na kuacha kupiga kelele, pia sio lazima ushambulie..
Na nadhani ndilo tatizo kubwa la mjadala huu ktk maono yetu..Nachopongeza mimi ni kinga aloweka mwalimu akijua hawa jamaa hawana maana kabisa zaidi ya ukoloni mamboleo na Unachosema wewe kwa mtazamo wangu kinaelekea msemo wa kwamba kama humwezi shetani ni bora Um join..Sasa mwenzako sala tano inakuwa kazi kukubali kujiunga na shetani kwa faida ya hapa duniani (muda mfupi...)
 

Mbona husemi factors zilizowahamisha watu kutoka makazi ya asili kwa nguvu na kuwapeleka maporini waanzishe vijiji visivyokuwepo kabla? na madhara yaliyowakuta katika hilo?

Mwinyi kaingia, Nyerere yashamshinda zamani na akajuwa hana pakutokea zaidi ya kung'atuka.

Leo unataka kumlaumu mtu ambae anaingia kwenye kuiongoza nchi hakuna hata mafuta ya taa? na anatatuwa tatizo!


Leo unataka kumlaumu mtu ambae anaingia kwenye kuiongoza nchi hakuna hata senti BOT na imechomwa moto? anatatuwa tatizo!


Leo unataka kumlaumu mtu ambae anaingia kwenye kuiongoza nchi hakuna hata dawa ya meno madukani? anatatuwa tatizo!

Na, na, na, na, unayajuwa! ni mengi sana sina haja ya kuyaandika yote. Nakuomba rejea speech ya mikuki miwili ya Mwinyi aliyoitoa wakati akiongea na wazee wa Dar pale Diamond Jubilee utajuwa ni uozo gani aliourithi Mwinyi kutoka kwa Nyerere.

Hivi sisi kwa nini hatupendi kuukubali ukweli unaoonekana wazi kabisa na tunataka ku twist na kutowa sababu za kusadikika? haya ndio mambo ya kutetea ukipendacho, hata kama ni chongo wewe utasema kengeza.
 
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