Mwereka wa maadili ya uongozi na nguvu ya ujasilimali kisiasa

[Yericko Nyerere]

MAADILI ya uongozi ni mwenendo au tabia njema inayokubalika na jamii katika kazi ya kuongoza. Kwa kuwa uongozi ni kazi ya kuwaelekeza watu kwenye kujiletea maendeleo yao kwa utashi wa uhuru, haki na usawa; viongozi lazima wazingatie maadili ya uongozi yanayokubaliana na utashi wa utu, heshima ya binadamu na usawa katika matumizi ya rasilimali za nchi katika kufikia malengo ya ujenzi wa jamii ya watu waliyo sawa na huru.

Hivi ndivyo ilivyodhaniwa kwenye Azimio la Arusha la 1967 na ndio maana uongozi wa awamu ya kwanza ya Mwalimu Julius K. Nyerere na chama cha ukombozi (TANU) uliamua kwa pamoja kuweka maadili na miiko ya uongozi kama sehemu ya Azimio la Arusha (1967).

Mabadiliko ya sura ya uongozi tangu uhuru (Desemba 9, 1961) hadi wakati huu umeifanya kada ya uongozi wa siasa Tanzania kuwa kazi ya kipato, kama zilivyo kazi nyingine ambazo baadhi ya watu ndani na au nje ya mfumo wa kada ya uongozi wamekuwa wakipigana vikumbo kwenye kinyang’anyiro cha kuwania nafasi za uongozi kwenye mfumo wa vyama na au wa kushika madaraka ya kuongoza nchi kwenye nafasi zake zote.

Maadili ya uongozi kama dhamana inayotoka kwa wananchi yamegeuka na kuwa satwa ya ujasiriamali wa kisiasa. Wanasiasa wenye uoni wa kijasiriamali wanaodhani kwamba uwekezaji kwenye siasa ni wenye kulipa wamechukua nafasi kubwa kwenye mchakato wa siasa na uandaaji wa nafasi za uongozi ndani na au nje ya mfumo wa siasa, jamii na uchumi.

Kukosekana kwa maadili ya uongozi kwa sehemu kubwa kumesababishwa na hali angavu ya roho iliyochafuka na kushikwa na uchu unaoongozwa na tamaa ya kishetani katika kutafuta “ukubwa” na mamlaka yenye satwa (nguvu) katika kutawala fursa zote zenye taathira katika mchakato wa maisha ya watu na mazingira. Viongozi wa siasa wamepoteza utu na heshima yao kama binadamu anayehitaji utulivu wa nafsi yenye matumaini juu ya kuwatumikia wengine.

Kwa ujumla, kama alivyoandika Sayyid Mujtaba Musawi Lari (1992) kwenye kitabu chake kinachoitwa “Uchunguzi wa Matatizo ya Kimaadili na Kinafsi” binadamu anahitaji kuishi kwa kufuata maadili yaliyokamilika. Lari (1992, ukurasa wa 75) anasema, “mojawapo kati ya misingi na shuruti za maisha ya kijamii na ukamilifu wa kila taifa ni maadili.”

Ndio kusema, hata Azimio la Arusha (1967) lilisisitiza sana “maadili” na miiko ya uongozi ambayo ndiyo yaliyokuwa sehemu ya maisha ya viongozi wa TANU (na CCM baina ya miaka ya 1967 hadi 1992).

Lari (1992) anaonyesha kwamba kama taifa litakosa maadili basi kuna kila dalili ya taifa hilo kuangamia na au kupoteza mwelekeo wa maisha ya saada kimaanawi, kiroho na kimaada. Kwa kuwa binadamu haishi kwa mkate peke yake; bali, kama kiumbe wa kijamii, lazima afuate njia ya uhuru, haki na usawa katika kuelekea kwenye uchaji Mungu ili kwa uchaji huo ipatikane nafasi ya baraka za kiroho katika kufikia malengo makuu na mhsusi ya kuumbwa kwake katika kufanya dunia mahala pa ustawi wa maisha ya sasa katika kuyaendea maisha ya baadaye.

Kwa mtazamo wa uchunguzi wa kisayansi na kwa utumizi wa mantiki ya hoja tunaweza kukubaliana kwamba uongozi (na hususan, uongozi wa siasa) umekosa maadili ya uongozi kwa vile sehemu kubwa ya uongozi wetu na viongozi wengi wamekosa maadili ya uongozi na kuongoza.

Mara kadhaa wametokea watu kuukosoa uongozi wa nchi yetu. Japokuwa ukosozi huo huonekana kana kwamba ni chuki binafsi zinazoelekezwa kwa watu binafsi kwenye mfumo wa uongozi kutokana na inda (chuki ya mtu dhidi ya mafanikio ya mwingine).

Hata kama, kwa sehemu fulani wapo wanaodhani kwamba ukosefu wa uongozi wenye maadili ya uongozi na ukosozi wake huchukua sura ya chuki binafsi; kuna ukweli wa moja kwa moja na wa kisayansi unaoonekana kwa kushindwa kwa uongozi unaoongoza shughuli za serikali kufika utashi wa uongozi bora.

Mwalimu Julius K. Nyerere aliwahi kuandika kitabu juu ya uongozi na hatma ya Tanzania wakati wa mgogoro wa uongozi wa awamu ya pili kipindi cha miaka ya 1990 na 1995.

Mwalimu Nyerere alijaribu kuonyesha upungufu uliyojitokeza kwenye sehemu ya pili ya awamu ya pili kutokana na kutelekezwa kwa Azimio la Arusha la 1967 na siasa kugeuzwa “ujasiriamali.” Hata hivyo, ukosozi wa Mwalimu Julius K. Nyerere haukuchukuliwa kwa vile “kitabu chake kilikwishapita, na enzi hiyo ilikuwa na kitabu kingine.”

Siasa iliendelea kuwa mwendo mdundo kila kiongozi akitafuta kuwekeza kwenye ujasiriamali wa kisiasa (political entrepreneurship) kwa kuwa ilishaonekana wazi kwamba uongozi wa siasa utachukua nafasi muhimu kwenye miaka ya kuanzia 2005 na kuendelea; hali tunayoishuhudia sasa!

Mwaka 2008, kama miaka mitatu tangu kuanza kwa awamu ya nne, Profesa Ibrahimu Haruna Lipumba na yeye (kama mwanafalsafa na mwanasiasa) aliandika hotuba juu ya “ukosefu wa uongozi na hatma ya Tanzania.”

Kama ilivyokuwa kwa Mwalimu Nyerere ndivyo ilivyokuwa kwa Profesa Lipumba, ukosozi wake ulionekana pumba na kama kawaida uongozi wa chama tawala uliendelea na mwenendo uleule usiyozingatia mabadiliko ya uongozi wenye tija kwa kuzingatia utashi wa watu na maendeleo yao kwa kuzingatia uongozi wenye maadili yaliyotukuka.

Hali tete ya ukosefu wa maadili imeendelea kuishika Tanzania. Hata sasa, hali ya ukosefu wa maadili ya uongozi imechukua sura mbaya zaidi kwa vile viongozi wengi wamepoteza maadili ya utu na heshima ya binadamu imemezwa na shetani anayewaongoza kwenye ufisadi mpevu.

Viongozi wengi ni waongo! Pasipokuwa na chembe ya kuogopa dhambi ya uongo, wengi wa viongozi wamekuwa wakichukua viapo vya uongo na kushindwa kutafakari madhara yake.

Uongo wa viongozi wengi, kwa mujibu wa uchunguzi na mantiki, unasababishwa na tamaa au tabia chafu ya mazowea ya kudanganya! Wanatumia uongo kwa vile haijawahi kushuhudiwa viongozi wakiwekwa mtu-kati katika kuthibitisha tabia hii ambayo ndio inayowafanya wananchi wengi kuishi kwa kutegemea uongo kama sehemu ya mila na dasturi kwa vile wanawaona viongozi wao wakishiriki na kunufaika na uongo wa kimaslahi. Viongozi wengi wamekuwa wahaini kwa nchi na watu wake kutokana na uongo!

Unafiki, kama ugojwa mbaya wa kimaadili, umewashika viongozi wengi wa Tanzania! Kwa ujumla, kama falsafa ya unafiki ilivyo; viongozi wengi ni wepesi wa kutoa ahadi lakini si watekelezaji. Uongozi wa Tanzania umekuwa hodari wa kutoa ahadi nyingi kuliko uwezo wa utekelezaji wa ahadi hizo kutokana na ufinyu na au matumizi mabaya ya rasilimali.

Kutokana na ahadi za kinafiki zinazotolewa na viongozi wa siasa wakati wa kampeni za uchaguzi wananchi wamekuwa wakiwapa ridhaa ya kushika nafasi za uongozi kwa dhana kwamba yale yaliyoahidiwa kwenye ilani za uchaguzi yatafanyiwa kazi

Kinyume chake, viongozi wengi wamekuwa wakifanya hiana pamoja na kuchukua ahadi ya kutekeleza ahadi na viapo vyao. Viongozi wengi hawasemi ukweli; isipokuwa husema uongo! Uongo umekuwa sehemu ya maisha ya uongozi wa siasa; na ndio maana wapo baadhi ya wanafalsafa wameshaanza kuiona siasa kuwa “mchezo mchafu"

Madhara ya maadili haya mabovu yanadhihirika katika viunga ya Bunge mjini Dodoma, ile ndio taswira halisi ya machipuzi haya, uongo ni zao la wavivu, na uongo huo huzaa unafiki.

Hotuba ya rais wa nchi ilijaa uongo na unafi mkubwa na kuvuruga rasmi mjadala wa katiba unaoendelea mjini Dodoma, mathalani Rais ndie aliyetangaza kuanzisha mchakato wa katiba mpya, rais ndie aliyeunda tume, rais ndie aliyepokea rasimu ya kwanza, "akaisifu" akairuhusu tume iendelee kukusanya maoni ya "umma", tume ikakamulisha kuandaa rasimu ya pili, rais akaipokea, "akaisoma" akalitangazia taifa kuwa rasimu ni "nzuri", akateua bunge maalumu la katiba, akaruhusu iwasilishwe rasimu ile katika bunge hilo, MAAJABU ni kuwa siku ya uzinduzi wa bunge hilo ametumia muda wote kuibeza rasimu hiyo na kutangaza kuwa serikali tatu haziwezeati, ati jeshi litapindua nchi? Serikali ya Muungano itakosa pesa za kujiendeshea?

Hapa lazima tujiulize Mbona Zanzibar ipo na jeshi lipo halijapindua? Inamaana mapinduzi yatatokea tu ikiwa Tanganyika itakuwepo?

Je kwasasa rais anatutangazia kuwa Tanganyika ndio inayogharimia muungano? Wakati huohuo ametoa hatari ya serikali tatu tu bila kutoa majibu mbadala ikiwa wananchi watachagua muundo huo. Hii inamaana yeye na serikali yake wamejidhatiti kuzuia kwa nguvu zote maamuzi ya umma. Kuna haja gani bunge la Katiba kuendelea pale Dodoma?. Huu ndio unafiki na uongo wa viongozi wa Taifa hili.

Huu ni Mwereka wa maadili ya uongozi na nguvu ya ujasilimali kisiasa.

Rais alikuwa na nafasi ya kuwasilisha maoni yake mbele ya tume aliyoiunda wakati ikikusanya maoni kwa mjibu wa sheria na sikutumia jukwaa na urais kwa mambo ya kichama.

Bila Tanganyika hatuwezi kuwa na Tanzania, na bila Zanzibar hatuwezi kuwa Tanzania. Kuondoa kero za Muungano zilizoshindikana kwa miaka 50 chini ya muundo wa serikali mbili ni lazima tuwe na serikali TATU.

Vifo vya mapadre na mashekhe pamoja na tindikali vitaisha kwa serikali tatu na sio siasa za ghiriba na unafiki.


Tanganyika HURU, na Zanzibar HURU kwanza mengine yatafuata.

 

[Ngwanakilala]

TANZANIA’Sexisting public service is tainted by a myriad of ugly incidents, hinting thatthere must be a problem in this once respectable section of society.

EdwardLowassa recently became Tanzania's first prime minister to be forced to resignon account of suspected involvement in corruption. Two senior cabinetministers, Nizar Karamagi and Ibrahim Msabaha, were also forced to resign frompublic office on similar grounds.

Inmanagement terms this was fire fighting! There should have been a way toknow these people did not qualify to fit in the top government positionsbeforehand, through succession planning mechanisms.

Highprofile court cases are currently in progress in Dar es Salaam against twoformer cabinet ministers and a senior official from the Bank of Tanzania, alsofor alleged irregularities in their execution of duties in public office. Andyet these are only a few cases out of a public service riddled with countlesscases of criminal activity.
Ifit is not true that a senior officer in the country’s national securityapparatus privatized bakery equipment meant to be a gift from the South Africangovernment to the secret service training college, then it must be true that asenior police officer slept with a maid out of wedlock at home. There always isa story to prove Tanzania’s civil service has many wrong people in it.

Analysiswould indicate that something happens, or does not happen at civil servicerecruitment stage, the wrong people get into the public office. From theanalytical standpoint, this arguably suggests that Tanzania’s leadershipsuccession planning lacks something. It is substandard or simply poor!

Successionplanning is a tool used by big corporations to prepare future leaders through afiltering process which takes many years, weeding out the intellectually weak,the greedy, the corrupt, the nymphomaniacs to leave only the upright, themoral, the best. Many successful governments are also known to use this sametool to prepare future leaders with or without their knowledge.

Throughuse of varying techniques, leaders in power identify in-house or externaltalent. After identification, they recruit and nurture the talent forfuture use in whatever position they will have earmarked the subject. Experts say most succession planning activities revolve around training anddeveloping the individuals to prepare them for their future challenging roleswith or without their knowledge.

Thetraining period is also used as a time to get a good understanding of theindividual's strengths and weaknesses, to understand the individual's behaviourpatterns, to know what his values and motivational factors are, and to studyhis aptitude.

A comprehensivepersonality assessment will usually reveal all the individual's behaviours,values, motivators, and personal talents. And that is done over a period oftime, after which the recruiting organization (be it a company or government)can very accurately understand where or whether a particular individual fits ina planned leadership replacement role.

Incountries which have intelligent governments (and in goodcompanies), people do not just become presidents, permanentsecretaries, cabinet ministers, district commissioners, regional commissionersor whatever. Good leaders are prepared for many years through good successionplanning; and that is how countries with intelligent governments minimizechances of giving sensitive government posts to liars, thieves and ------.

Withthis in mind, it is possible that Tanzania’s founding President, the lateMwalimu Julius K. Nyerere had sufficient information from his successionplanning activity, to stand against a number of people making attempts for thepresidency in 1995. It just might be that Nyerere had a lot ofinformation about those candidates the public did not have. Thosecandidates included former Prime Minister Edward Lowassa.
Fortunately,however, the government concedes this weakness exists within itself and appearsset to work for a solution.

Asection in a pamphlet published by the Central Establishment in the President'sOffice says in part the leadership identification process in the country isfuzzy and lacks clarity on the attributes and competences required foreffective public service leadership in Tanzania.

“Thisissue complicates any exercise aimed at identifying leadership potential,” therecent Public Service Reform Programme manual says.

Althoughtotal figures of image-tainting incidents are not easily available, there isevidence the civil service was better disciplined during the Nyerere era thanit is at present. At that time, leaders were identified through the manyopportunities to test their skills in ideological colleges, military academies,parastatal organizations, etc.
Couldthis be a sign Tanzania needs to revive parastatals and ideological colleges togroom future leaders? What is obvious is that the currentsuccession planning and execution has a problem and needs a mechanic. Otherwisepublic offices will continue to be manned by rogues

By Jaston Binala: Thisday 7th December 2009

 

[Mwelewa]

Tunatatizo la msingi ambalo ni MFUMO.

Taasisi za umma zenye dhamana ya kutoa huduma kwa jamii ni dhaifu mno.

Tunahitaji Taasisi makini zakusimamia mipango tuliyojipangia ya maendeleo.

Nayo "Nguvu ya Umma" ya kuleta mabadiliko bado inagali inahitaji kusambazwa kwa Watanzania wengi zaidi.

Naimani mabadiliko taratibu yanakuja. Hata hivyo, hatuna budi kuongeza kasi ya mabadiliko.