NCDs - Janga Jipya Afrika, Mamilioni Kupoteza Maisha Ifikapo 2030

[Bongo Pix Blog]

Kwa mujibu wa ripoti za Shirika la Afya Duniani vifo vitokanavyo na magonjwa yasiyo ya kuambukiza, kitaalumu Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs) vinatarajiwa kuongezeka maradufu ifikapo mwaka 2030.

“In African nation’s deaths from, NCDs are projected to exceed the combined deaths of communicable and nutritional diseases and maternal and prenatal deaths as the most common causes of death by 2030.”

Kwa sasa takwimu za shirika hilo zinaonesha kuwa magonjwa haya ndio yanayoongoza duniani kuwa vifo ambapo asilimia 65 ya vifo vyotemilioni 57 kwa mwaka vinatokana na magonjwa haya ambapo asilimia 80 au milioni 29 vinatokea katika nchi za dunia ya tatu.

Hili ni janga linguine, Africa imekuwa ikipatikana na majanga mengi sana, ikiwemo magonjwa, umasikini uliokithiri, vita, njaa, mafuriko, n.k, yapo ambayo twaweza kusema ni mapenzi ya Mungu maana hatuna jinsi ya kuweza kuyazuia, lakini hili linalotujia sasa si mapenzi ya Mungu, ni lakujitakia, kwani, tukiamua, tunaweza kuepukana nalo.

Magonjwa haya kwa mujibu wa WHO yanaweza kuepukika, kwani ni magonjwa ya mfumo ama Lifestyle Dieases, njia mbalimbali zinapendekezwa na wataalamu, ikiwepo kupata maarifa mbalimbali, kubadili mitindo ya maisha, kubadili namna ya ulaji wetu wa chakula pamoja na kutumia vitu asilia kwa wingi.

WHO wanasema “The NCD threat can be overcome using existing knowledge.” Kwa maana nyingine ni kwamba yapo maarifa na ufahamu ambao tukiupata twaweza kujiepusha na vifo hivi.

*Fuatilia hapo chini kwa taarifa zaidi*.

NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES.
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Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), such as heart disease, stroke, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes, are the leading cause of mortality in the world.

This invisible epidemic is an under-appreciated cause of poverty and hinders the economic development of many countries. The burden is growing - the number of people, families and communities afflicted is increasing.

Common, modifiable risk factors underlie the major NCDs. They include tobacco, harmful use of alcohol, unhealthy diet, insufficient physical activity, overweight/obesity, raised blood pressure, raised blood sugar and raised cholesterol.

The NCD threat can be overcome using existing knowledge. The solutions are highly cost-effective. Comprehensive and integrated action at country level, led by governments, is the means to achieve success.

Key facts

1. Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) kill more than 36 million people each year.

1. Nearly 80% of NCD deaths - 29 million - occur in low- and middle-income countries.
2. More than nine million of all deaths attributed to NCDs occur before the age of 60; 90% of these "premature" deaths occurred in low- and middle-income countries.
3. Cardiovascular diseases account for most NCD deaths, or 17.3 million people annually, followed by cancers (7.6 million), respiratory diseases (4.2 million), and diabetes (1.3 million1).
4. These four groups of diseases account for around 80% of all NCD deaths.
5. They share four risk factors: tobacco use, physical inactivity, the harmful use of alcohol and unhealthy diets.
   

Overview
Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), also known as chronic diseases, are not passed from person to person. They are of long duration and generally slow progression.
The four main types of noncommunicable diseases are cardiovascular diseases (like heart attacks and stroke), cancers, chronic respiratory diseases (such as chronic obstructed pulmonary disease and asthma) and diabetes.

NCDs already disproportionately affect low- and middle-income countries where nearly 80% of NCD deaths – 29 million – occur. They are the leading causes of death in all regions except Africa, but current projections indicate that by 2020 the largest increases in NCD deaths will occur in Africa.
In African nation’s deaths from, NCDs are projected to exceed the combined deaths of communicable and nutritional diseases and maternal and prenatal deaths as the most common causes of death by 2030. (Hili ni JANGA LINGINE KWA AFRIKA)

Who is at risk of such diseases?
All age groups and all regions are affected by NCDs. NCDs are often associated with older age groups, but evidence shows that more than 9 million of all deaths attributed to noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) occur before the age of 60. Of these "premature" deaths, 90% occurred in low- and middle-income countries. Children, adults and the elderly are all vulnerable to the risk factors that contribute to noncommunicable diseases, whether from unhealthy diets, physical inactivity, exposure to tobacco smoke or the effects of the harmful use of alcohol.

These diseases are driven by forces that include ageing, rapid unplanned urbanization, and the globalization of unhealthy lifestyles. For example, globalization of unhealthy lifestyles like unhealthy diets may show up in individuals as raised blood pressure, increased blood glucose, elevated blood lipids, overweight and obesity. These are called 'intermediate risk factors' which can lead to cardiovascular disease, a NCD.

NB:Remember healthy expert say "90% of all chronic diseases llike (Cancer, diabetes, stroke, Cardiovascular Diseases, Obesity/overweight,heart attacks etc) comes from unhealthy colon.

Bahati njema ni kuwa elimu, mbinu na njia za kupambana na JANGA hili zipo, zinapatikana, ni jukumu letu kuamua kusema NO kubwa kwa vifo hivi vya kujitakia.

Kwa maoni, ushauri au jinsi gani ya kupata elimu hii, nitwangie +255784475576.


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[williamngalinda]

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[Bongo Pix Blog]

[h=1]Noncommunicable diseases[/h] Fact sheet
Updated January 2015

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[h=3]Key facts[/h]

• Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) kill 38 million people each year.
• Almost three quarters of NCD deaths - 28 million - occur in low- and middle-income countries.
• Sixteen million NCD deaths occur before the age of 70; 82% of these "premature" deaths occurred in low- and middle-income countries.
• Cardiovascular diseases account for most NCD deaths, or 17.5 million people annually, followed by cancers (8.2 million), respiratory diseases (4 million), and diabetes (1.5 million).
• These 4 groups of diseases account for 82% of all NCD deaths.
• Tobacco use, physical inactivity, the harmful use of alcohol and unhealthy diets all increase the risk of dying from an NCD.

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[h=3]Overview[/h] Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), also known as chronic diseases, are not passed from person to person. They are of long duration and generally slow progression. The 4 main types of noncommunicable diseases are cardiovascular diseases (like heart attacks and stroke), cancers, chronic respiratory diseases (such as chronic obstructed pulmonary disease and asthma) and diabetes.
NCDs already disproportionately affect low- and middle-income countries where nearly three quarters of NCD deaths – 28 million – occur.
[h=3]Who is at risk of such diseases?[/h] All age groups and all regions are affected by NCDs. NCDs are often associated with older age groups, but evidence shows that 16 million of all deaths attributed to noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) occur before the age of 70. Of these "premature" deaths, 82% occurred in low- and middle-income countries. Children, adults and the elderly are all vulnerable to the risk factors that contribute to noncommunicable diseases, whether from unhealthy diets, physical inactivity, exposure to tobacco smoke or the effects of the harmful use of alcohol.
These diseases are driven by forces that include ageing, rapid unplanned urbanization, and the globalization of unhealthy lifestyles. For example, globalization of unhealthy lifestyles like unhealthy diets may show up in individuals as raised blood pressure, increased blood glucose, elevated blood lipids, and obesity. These are called 'intermediate risk factors' which can lead to cardiovascular disease, a NCD.
[h=3]Risk factors[/h] [h=4]Modifiable behavioural risk factors[/h] Tobacco use, physical inactivity, unhealthy diet and the harmful use of alcohol increase the risk of NCDs.

• Tobacco accounts for around 6 million deaths every year (including from the effects of exposure to second-hand smoke), and is projected to increase to 8 million by 2030.
• About 3.2 million deaths annually can be attributed to insufficient physical activity. (1)
• More than half of the 3.3 million annual deaths from harmful drinking are from NCDs [SUP]1[/SUP].
• In 2010, 1.7 million annual deaths from cardiovascular causes have been attributed to excess salt/sodium intake.(2)

[h=4]Metabolic/physiological risk factors[/h] These behaviours lead to four key metabolic/physiological changes that increase the risk of NCDs: raised blood pressure, overweight/obesity, hyperglycemia (high blood glucose levels) and hyperlipidemia (high levels of fat in the blood).

In terms of attributable deaths, the leading metabolic risk factor globally is elevated blood pressure (to which 18% of global deaths are attributed) (1) followed by overweight and obesity and raised blood glucose. Low- and middle-income countries are witnessing the fastest rise in overweight young children.
[h=3]What are the socioeconomic impacts of NCDs?[/h] NCDs threaten progress towards the UN Millennium Development Goals and post-2015 development agenda. Poverty is closely linked with NCDs. The rapid rise in NCDs is predicted to impede poverty reduction initiatives in low-income countries, particularly by increasing household costs associated with health care. Vulnerable and socially disadvantaged people get sicker and die sooner than people of higher social positions, especially because they are at greater risk of being exposed to harmful products, such as tobacco or unhealthy food, and have limited access to health services.
In low-resource settings, health-care costs for cardiovascular diseases, cancers, diabetes or chronic lung diseases can quickly drain household resources, driving families into poverty. The exorbitant costs of NCDs, including often lengthy and expensive treatment and loss of breadwinners, are forcing millions of people into poverty annually, stifling development.



In many countries, harmful drinking and unhealthy diet and lifestyles occur both in higher and lower income groups. However, high-income groups can access services and products that protect them from the greatest risks while lower-income groups can often not afford such products and services.
[h=3]Prevention and control of NCDs[/h] To lessen the impact of NCDs on individuals and society, a comprehensive approach is needed that requires all sectors, including health, finance, foreign affairs, education, agriculture, planning and others, to work together to reduce the risks associated with NCDs, as well as promote the interventions to prevent and control them.



An important way to reduce NCDs is to focus on lessening the risk factors associated with these diseases. Low-cost solutions exist to reduce the common modifiable risk factors (mainly tobacco use, unhealthy diet and physical inactivity, and the harmful use of alcohol) and map the epidemic of NCDs and their risk factors.



Other ways to reduce NCDs are high impact essential NCD interventions that can be delivered through a primary health-care approach to strengthen early detection and timely treatment. Evidence shows that such interventions are excellent economic investments because, if applied to patients early, can reduce the need for more expensive treatment. These measures can be implemented in various resource levels. The greatest impact can be achieved by creating healthy public policies that promote NCD prevention and control and reorienting health systems to address the needs of people with such diseases.



Lower-income countries generally have lower capacity for the prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases.
High-income countries are nearly 4 times more likely to have NCD services covered by health insurance than low-income countries. Countries with inadequate health insurance coverage are unlikely to provide universal access to essential NCD interventions.

 

[nemulo]

Hivi kwenye nchi za Ulaya na America huwa wanatumia vyakula vya asili? Naomba nieleweshwe.