Uzalendo wa Kitanzania
JF-Expert Member
- Mar 8, 2020
- 3,585
- 8,106
Wadau hamjamboni nyote?
Waislamu wa madhehebu ya sunni ni asilimia kumi ya jumla ya wakazi wote wanaoishi nchini Iran.
Kwa mujibu wa vyanzo mbalimbali Waislamu hao wa sunni wanabaguliwa na kutendewa vibaya wakihesabika kuwa raia daraja la pili huku wakinyimwa fursa ushiriki kisiasa, kielimu, ajira, na kidini. Nimetoa mifano michache hapo chini.
Mnamo 2011, utawala wa Iran uliwapiga marufuku Waislamu wa madhehebu ya sunni kufanya Ibada ya Eid ya hadhara kwa pamoja kwenye jiji la Tehran.
Mnamo Septemba 2022 Jeshi la Iran IRGC walifanya mauaji ya wasunni 90 kwa kuwapiga risasi wakiwa kwenye Ibada kwenye msikiti mkubwa kabisa nchini Iran wa Jameh.
Wasunni wanabaguliwa kisiasa nchini Iran na hawaruhusiwi kushiriki kwenye vyombo nyeti vya Serikali ambavyo ni Guardian Council, Assembly of Experts pamoja na Expediency Council. Vyombo hivyo wanaruhusiwa Waislamu wa dhehebu la shia pekeyake kushiriki.
Wasunni wamezuiwa kufanya ujenzi wa misikiti kwenye miji mikubwa nchini Iran ikiwemo jiji la Tehran
Kwa ujumla wake sera za Serikali ya Iran zinawabagua na kuwatendea vibaya Waislamu wa sunni.
Niweka vyanzo mbalimbali hapo chini kwa maelezo zaidi. Niwatakie asubuhi njema.
=======
Since the 1979 Iranian Revolution, Sunni minority in Iran has essentially been treated as second-class citizens through sectarian policies by Iran's Khomeinist government. Sunni-majority provinces are neglected by the government, leading to socio-economic disenfranchisement and high rates of poverty.[61][62][63] Iran's first Supreme Leader Khomeini had held deeply anti-Sunni religious views, which was also reflected in the geo-political strategy he outlined in his "Last Will and Testament".[64] During the events of 1979 Revolution, Sunni-majority cities in Khuzestan, Western Azerbaijan and Golestan provinces were targets of sectarian attacks by Khomeinist militants. Many Sunni religious leaders and intellectuals who had initially backed the revolution were imprisoned by Khomeini during the 1980s.[65]
Political discrimination have since been normalized, with Sunnis being denied representation government bodies such as the Guardian Council, Assembly of Experts and the Expediency Council which are reserved for the Shias. It has also been argued that Sunnis are marginalized by the Iranian Majlis, with less than 6% of the seats being permitted for Sunnis since the establishment of the parliamentary body in 1980;[66][67] the percentage of Sunnis in Iran is usually estimated to be 5-10%,[68] but some Sunni leaders have claimed it to be "between 12 and 25 percent".[69]
After Khomeini's death in 1989, Iranian regime began publicly exporting Anti-Sunni rhetoric through propaganda and Khomeinist media outlets across the Islamic World, in increasing proportions particularly since the 2000s.[70] Apart from persecuting Sunnis abroad, Sunnis in Iran are also subject to systematic discrimination by the government. Ethnic minorities that are predominantly Sunni; such as the Kurds, the Balochs, and the Turkmens suffer the brunt of the religious persecution; and numerous Masajid (mosques) of these communities are routinely destroyed by the security forces. In spite of the presence of 10 million Sunni inhabitants in Tehran, the regime has also banned the presence of Sunni mosques in the city, leading to widespread discontent. Many Sunni Imams independent of the regime have been assassinated by Khomeinist deathsquads.[71]
In 2007, government tightened restrictions on Sunni religious schools and universities; and has forced Sunni tullab (religious students) to study in Khomeinist institutes.[72] In 2011, Iranian regime imposed restrictions that blocked Sunni Muslims from praying Eid prayers in congregation, at the city of Tehran.[73] Sunnis have been further discriminated through state-terror and increasingly sectarian policies of hardline President Ibrahim Raisi since 2021.[74]
In a brutal massacre known as "Bloody Friday" conducted in September 2022, IRGC and Basij forces opened fired and killed over 90 Sunni worshippers during Jumu'ah prayers at Jameh Mosque of Makki in Sistan-Balochistan, the largest Sunni mosque in Iran. Some worshippers had gone out of the mosque and marched on the police station across the street in protest against the recent alleged rape of a Baloch girl by a policeman, throwing stones; the security forces responded with fire and continued to shoot at the worshippers as some of them retreated back into the mosque.
As of October 2022, the massacre is the deadliest incident that occurred as part of the military crackdown on 2022 Iranian protests. Molwi Abdolhamid Ismaeelzahi, popular Baloch Islamic scholar and spiritual leader of Iran's Sunni Muslim minority, who led the prayers, denounced the regime for the massacre and its "absolute lies" stereotyping the regular Sunni worshippers as Baloch separatists.[75][76][77] In an unusual speech condemning Ali Khamenei and Iranian army for the violence and bloodshed, Abdul Hamid declared:
"The supreme leader of the Islamic Republic, as the commander-in-chief of the armed forces, as well as other officials are all responsible, and no one can evade this responsibility.."[78]
State-sanctioned executions of dissidents have witnessed a massive spike in numbers during 2023.[citation needed] In May 2023 alone, Iran executed at least 142 individuals (78, or 55% of them, on drug-related charges), its highest monthly rate since 2015. At least 30 of those executed were from the Sunni Baluch minority.
Source: New York-based Human Rights Watch, Wikipedia , Washington institute, Al Jazeera, DW
Waislamu wa madhehebu ya sunni ni asilimia kumi ya jumla ya wakazi wote wanaoishi nchini Iran.
Kwa mujibu wa vyanzo mbalimbali Waislamu hao wa sunni wanabaguliwa na kutendewa vibaya wakihesabika kuwa raia daraja la pili huku wakinyimwa fursa ushiriki kisiasa, kielimu, ajira, na kidini. Nimetoa mifano michache hapo chini.
Mnamo 2011, utawala wa Iran uliwapiga marufuku Waislamu wa madhehebu ya sunni kufanya Ibada ya Eid ya hadhara kwa pamoja kwenye jiji la Tehran.
Mnamo Septemba 2022 Jeshi la Iran IRGC walifanya mauaji ya wasunni 90 kwa kuwapiga risasi wakiwa kwenye Ibada kwenye msikiti mkubwa kabisa nchini Iran wa Jameh.
Wasunni wanabaguliwa kisiasa nchini Iran na hawaruhusiwi kushiriki kwenye vyombo nyeti vya Serikali ambavyo ni Guardian Council, Assembly of Experts pamoja na Expediency Council. Vyombo hivyo wanaruhusiwa Waislamu wa dhehebu la shia pekeyake kushiriki.
Wasunni wamezuiwa kufanya ujenzi wa misikiti kwenye miji mikubwa nchini Iran ikiwemo jiji la Tehran
Kwa ujumla wake sera za Serikali ya Iran zinawabagua na kuwatendea vibaya Waislamu wa sunni.
Niweka vyanzo mbalimbali hapo chini kwa maelezo zaidi. Niwatakie asubuhi njema.
=======
Since the 1979 Iranian Revolution, Sunni minority in Iran has essentially been treated as second-class citizens through sectarian policies by Iran's Khomeinist government. Sunni-majority provinces are neglected by the government, leading to socio-economic disenfranchisement and high rates of poverty.[61][62][63] Iran's first Supreme Leader Khomeini had held deeply anti-Sunni religious views, which was also reflected in the geo-political strategy he outlined in his "Last Will and Testament".[64] During the events of 1979 Revolution, Sunni-majority cities in Khuzestan, Western Azerbaijan and Golestan provinces were targets of sectarian attacks by Khomeinist militants. Many Sunni religious leaders and intellectuals who had initially backed the revolution were imprisoned by Khomeini during the 1980s.[65]
Political discrimination have since been normalized, with Sunnis being denied representation government bodies such as the Guardian Council, Assembly of Experts and the Expediency Council which are reserved for the Shias. It has also been argued that Sunnis are marginalized by the Iranian Majlis, with less than 6% of the seats being permitted for Sunnis since the establishment of the parliamentary body in 1980;[66][67] the percentage of Sunnis in Iran is usually estimated to be 5-10%,[68] but some Sunni leaders have claimed it to be "between 12 and 25 percent".[69]
After Khomeini's death in 1989, Iranian regime began publicly exporting Anti-Sunni rhetoric through propaganda and Khomeinist media outlets across the Islamic World, in increasing proportions particularly since the 2000s.[70] Apart from persecuting Sunnis abroad, Sunnis in Iran are also subject to systematic discrimination by the government. Ethnic minorities that are predominantly Sunni; such as the Kurds, the Balochs, and the Turkmens suffer the brunt of the religious persecution; and numerous Masajid (mosques) of these communities are routinely destroyed by the security forces. In spite of the presence of 10 million Sunni inhabitants in Tehran, the regime has also banned the presence of Sunni mosques in the city, leading to widespread discontent. Many Sunni Imams independent of the regime have been assassinated by Khomeinist deathsquads.[71]
In 2007, government tightened restrictions on Sunni religious schools and universities; and has forced Sunni tullab (religious students) to study in Khomeinist institutes.[72] In 2011, Iranian regime imposed restrictions that blocked Sunni Muslims from praying Eid prayers in congregation, at the city of Tehran.[73] Sunnis have been further discriminated through state-terror and increasingly sectarian policies of hardline President Ibrahim Raisi since 2021.[74]
In a brutal massacre known as "Bloody Friday" conducted in September 2022, IRGC and Basij forces opened fired and killed over 90 Sunni worshippers during Jumu'ah prayers at Jameh Mosque of Makki in Sistan-Balochistan, the largest Sunni mosque in Iran. Some worshippers had gone out of the mosque and marched on the police station across the street in protest against the recent alleged rape of a Baloch girl by a policeman, throwing stones; the security forces responded with fire and continued to shoot at the worshippers as some of them retreated back into the mosque.
As of October 2022, the massacre is the deadliest incident that occurred as part of the military crackdown on 2022 Iranian protests. Molwi Abdolhamid Ismaeelzahi, popular Baloch Islamic scholar and spiritual leader of Iran's Sunni Muslim minority, who led the prayers, denounced the regime for the massacre and its "absolute lies" stereotyping the regular Sunni worshippers as Baloch separatists.[75][76][77] In an unusual speech condemning Ali Khamenei and Iranian army for the violence and bloodshed, Abdul Hamid declared:
"The supreme leader of the Islamic Republic, as the commander-in-chief of the armed forces, as well as other officials are all responsible, and no one can evade this responsibility.."[78]
State-sanctioned executions of dissidents have witnessed a massive spike in numbers during 2023.[citation needed] In May 2023 alone, Iran executed at least 142 individuals (78, or 55% of them, on drug-related charges), its highest monthly rate since 2015. At least 30 of those executed were from the Sunni Baluch minority.
Source: New York-based Human Rights Watch, Wikipedia , Washington institute, Al Jazeera, DW
