On 1 October 2024, Iran launched 200 ballistic missiles at Israeli targets in at least two waves, marking the largest attack during the ongoing Iran-Israel conflict. The missile attack was codenamed Operation True Promise 2 (Persian: عملیات وعده صادق ۲) by Iran. It was the second direct attack by Iran against Israel after the April 2024 strikes.
Iran claimed that the attack was an act of "self-defense" in retaliation for Israel's assasinations of Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh in Tehran, Hezbollah leader Hassan Nasrallah, and IRGC general Abbas Nilforoushan. The attacks, while more successful at saturating Israeli air defenses than in April, did not appear to cause extensive damage. Israel said it had shot down most of the missiles and there had been no harm to its Air Force's capabilities. The US Navy and Jordan also reported intercepting missiles. The two fatalities caused by the attacks were a Palestinian man killed directly by missile debris and an Israeli man indirectly. Four Palestinians, two Israelis and two Jordanians sustained minor injuries.
20 to 32 missiles hit the area of the Nevatim Airbase in the Negev, damaging a hangar and taxiway. Several others hit the Tel Nof Airbase, a school in the nearby town of Gedera, and an area north of Tel Aviv around the headquarters of the Israeli intelligence services Mossad and Unit 8200, damaging homes and a restaurant. Israeli media were barred from publishing the exact locations of impacts. Analysts suggested that Israel had deprioritized protecting Nevatim since "the cost of repairing a damaged hangar or runway is far lower than the cost of using an Arrow interceptor." Iran used the Fattah-1 and Kheibar Shekan.
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu called it a "big mistake" and vowed that Iran "will pay" for it. The US promised "severe consequences" and pledged to work with Israel to ensure Iran faces repercussions for its actions. Iran claimed the targets it attacked were those involved in the Israel–Hamas war.
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