emmanuel1976
JF-Expert Member
- Jun 17, 2011
- 301
- 80
Wadau, naomba kujua nini cha kufanya kabla sijaanza kusafirisha biashara nje ya bara la Africa. Nataka ku export chai na kahawa nahitaji nini kwanza. Kama ni leseni ni aina gani ya leseni, ama vibali na zinapatikana wapi.
Asanteni
WADAU WENGINE WANAOHITAJI KUFAHAMU BIASHARA HII
Wana Jukwaa kwema? Hebu tusaidiane hapa jambo moja. Napenda sana hii biashara ya kusafirisha mazao nje ya nci, sijawahi kuifanya lakini naona kama vile ni field nzuri kwangu. Je ni zipi changamoto zake? Nimepata baadhi ya taarifa kwamba kuna baadhi ya nchi zinahitaji sana mazao ya Tanzania nchi kama Japan, China, India, Oman, South Africa na kwingineko.
Naona kuna fursa hapa, hebu tujadiliane tuone nini tunaweza kufanya kwa pamoja. Kumbuka Information is POWER.
Wadau habari zenu enyi watu wa biashara.
Ninaomba mwenye uelewa na experience ya biashara hii na hata anayeweza kujua masoko ya Nafaka mfano, maharagwe, mchele, kunde mbaazi na mazao mengine kwa nchi za nje Asia au Ulaya au popote nje ya nchi.
Tafadhari ninaomba mchanganuo na maarifa juu ya hili.
Kama ikibidi naomba uni PM nikutafute.
I need it seriously.
Habari za mchana huu wanajamvi, bila kuwachosha sana naomba niende moja kwa moja kwenye point. Nimefikiria kufanya biashara ya nafaka lakini lengo ni kwenda kuuza nchi za jirani ila sijajua utaratibu upo vipi.
Kwa hiyo yeyote mwenye uzoefu juu ya biashara za kuvuka mipaka naomba anipe msaada wa kujua hasa nini mahitaji ya safari hiyo. Naskia lazima uwe na kibali cha kusafirishia lakini hata hiko kibali sijui kinapatikana vipi.
Kama kuna mahitaji mengine tofauti na kibali wajuzi naomba mnijuze, halafu kitu kingine ninachotaka kufahamu ni je, ukishaingiza kwenye ile nchi husika biashara unakomaa nayo mwenyewe au unatumia madalali?
Asanteni, naomba kuwasilisha.
MICHANGO NA UZOEFU WA WADAU
PITIA TOVUTI YA TANTRADE KWA MUONGOZO
Pitia tovuti ya TANTRADE kupata muongo wa kuexport na kila kitu unachotaka kujua kuhusu ku export na kujua tanzania inesain mikataba ya freetrade mataifa gani unapia tumia websiti ya IMPORTERHUB.COM kupata buyer kutoka sehemu mbalimbali duniani.
Wengi wa buyers ni ukweli wapo taray kununua ilimradi ufikie viwango vya QUALITY na QUANTITY zake na pia Tanzania kuna mazao mengi ya ku-export kama karanga, maindi, soya, ufuta, ndizi, mchele, alizeti, ngano etc. Fuata sheria lipa kodi pata vibali kutoka malaka zinazohusika.
NI BIASHARA NZURI. FANYA UTAFITI WA UHITAJI WA MAZAO
Hakika ni biashara nzuri sana. Wengi wanashindwa kufikia matakwa ya Viwango yanayotakiwa katika masoko hayo.
Jambo la kwanza; fanya utafiti mdogo wa uhitaji wa mazao yanayotakiwa katika Nchi unayotaka kupeleka. Pamoja na kujua bei lakini mambo muhimu katika soko ni pamoja na; Viwango vya ubora vya nchi hiyo; mfano (tu) Japan wanataka ufuta wenye ubora (usio kuwa na taka taka) wa aslimia isiyopungua 95, endapo ufuta huo utatumika katika uokaji.
Viwango hivyo hutofautiana kulingana na aina mazao, soko/nchi, na matumizi ya bidhaa hizo kwa mlaji; Vivyo hivyo, wanaangalia viwango vya vimelea kama backteria, mabaki ya sumu za madawa yaliyotumika katika uzalishaji, na kuvu (fungus) nk. nk. katika mazao hayo.
Jambo hilo ni muhimu sana katika masoko ya Ulaya, Amerika na Japan. Nafuu kidogo inapatikana ukiuza katika nchi zingine kama za Uarabuni na Africa.
Hata hivyo, vitahitajika endapo mnunuzi katika nchi hizo nafuu, atataka auze Ulaya. Ni, kwa ufupi tu. Pamoja na maelezo yangu mafupi, yote hayo yanawezekana, na kuna watu wengi hapa kwetu wanafanya; kwa mazao ya chakula na viwanda. Pasi shaka, ukikaza nia utafanikiwa pia.
CHANGAMOTO YAKE KUBWA NI URASIMU WA SERIKALI
Nilipata dili flani la kupeleka Mzigo Mwingi tu Comoro nikakusanya Nguvu za Jamaa zangu Kama wawili tukakusanya Mtaji wetu mdogo tu Kama 20 Million.
Tukashauriwa Tufuate Vibali halali
Tu kaanza kuelekezwa tuanze Board of External Trade, huko ikapigwa Danadana twende Chamber of Commerce kule wakatueleza kazi yao ni kutoa Vibali tu tukitaka kujua kitu gani kinaruhusiwa kipi hakiruhusiwi twende Wizara ya Mifugo au Kilimo ndio wenye orodha ya Mazao yanayoruhusiwa kusafirishwa nje ya nchi.
Niliwauliza wale watu wa Chamber of Commerce pale kwenye Barabara ya Morogoro na Samora (PPF House) kwanini hiyo orodha ya vitu vinavyoruhusiwa kwanini wasikae nayo pale kupunguza Urasimu Jibu wanatoa huo ndio utaratibu 'Mzee usilete Ujuaji fuata taratibu'
Tulipofika Wizara ya Kilimo ndio balaaa Urasimu mpaka tukaamua tusafirishe kienyeji.
UZOEFU WANGU: ADUI MKUBWA WA MKULIMA TANZANIA NI SERIKALI
Wakati ule wa kauli mbiu ya Kilimo Kwanza nilidhani sasa Tanzania "itapasua" Lakini duuu, ikawa ni mtindo wa kuuwa kilimo kabisa: pembejeo fake, mbolea fake, mbegu fake, vipawa tila (sisi huku kwetu tunaviita vipapatilo) fake, mapanga na majembe fake, mabomba ya kupuliza dawa fake, dawa za ngombe fake, dawa za kuku fake, mkulima akifika sokoni Dar es salaam au Arusha au Mwanza anakutana na dalali fake. Kila kitu, kila kitu, fake. Hivyo basi tukamua kuita yale ma vx v8 kilimo kwanza maana Serikali kweli ilituangusha sisi wapenda kilimo.
Lakini kila zao tunalolima lina soko la uhakika hapa hapa nchini. Kwa soko la nje huna haja ya kuanza kwenda sijui Saudi Arabi, Comoro au hata Ulaya au Marekani. Kwa kuanza Kenya tu hapo ni soko tosha. Lakini ukitaka kuuza mazo Kenya ujizatiti kweli kweli. Sijui unaweka machungwa yako kwenye "Fuso tandam" halafu unakwenda kutafuta soko Nairobi utarudi na kilio. Hivyo kwa kuanza hatuna haja ya kwenda huko wenyewe kuuza mazoo yetu kwani kuna matapeli kweli kweli. Wao wanakuja hapa wananunua kila kitu na kwa bei yeyote. Huku kwetu Handeni Wakenya wakivamia soko la mnada wa mbuzi ni balaa. Wananunua kwa bei ya kufa mtu. Hivyo hatuna haja ya kwenda Vingunguti tunawasubiri Wakenya, wakija tunawapiga kweli kweli.
Lakini adui mkubwa wa mkulima Tanzania ni Serikali. In this country there is no "proper" well established regulatory mechanism kwa mazao yote, hata yale ya pamba na Kahawa (angalia sheria ya sasa ya Bodi ya Kahawa na ile ya Bodi ya Pamba ndo utajua nasema kitu gani), vituo vya utafiti wa kilimo vimekufa, kila kitu katika kilimo ni holela (wanasema let market forces play). Ukilima mungu akajalia neema ukapata mpunga mwingi Serikali inatoa vibali kwa wafanyibiashara kuingiza mchele wa plastiki ambao unauzwa kwa bei ya kutupwa. Kufanya biashara ya kuuza mazao nje ya nchi ni sawa kutaka kusafirisha cocaine nje ya nchi. Ni kazi kweli kweli.
Mimi sijui tufanye nini? Kazi mijini hakuna. Vijana wana shahada zao mwaka wa nne sasa wanatafuta kazi. Hakuna kazi. Kwa mazingira tuliyo nayo kilimo hakimvutii msomi hata kidogo. Wapo wachache wanaojaribu, lakini wanakutana na mazingira magumu kweli. Lakini tuna ardhi kubwa sana na tunajisifu 25% ya ardhi yetu ni "protected areas" tumewaachia tembo, fisi na nyoka waishi humo na bado ardhi kubwa imebaki. Ule mto Ruvu, Mto Rufiji, mto Wami, Mto Pangani mvua ikinyeesha maji yote yanakwenda baharini. Ulaya na Marekani wameendelea kwa kuishi kando kando ya mito. Sisi mabonde ya mito tunayakimbia.
Kweli kuna potential kubwa, tena kubwa sana katika kuuza mazao nje ya nchi. Serikali jamani muione hii na muifanyie kazi. Hivyo viwanda vitapata wapi malighafi? Au mnataka assembiling factories kwa vile Tanzania kuna cheap labor?
EXPORT PROCEDURES
Export means to take or cause goods to be taken out of Tanzania. Exports are free of duty and taxes except for three items; Raw hides and skins which are chargeable to export duty at the rate of 80% of FOB value or USD 0.25 per kg whichever is higher, Raw cashew nuts which are chargeable to export duty at the rate of 15% of FOB value or USD 160 per metric ton whichever is higher and Wet blue leather are levied at the rate of 10% on FOB.
How do I process export documents?
Note:
- The exporter is required to appoint a Licensed Clearing and Forwarding Agent (CFA) to clear his/her goods for export
- List of Clearing and Forwarding Agents
- Documentation process is done online and completed before examination of goods and export release.
- The exporter hands over the documents to the CFA who uploads them in the Tanzania Customs Integrated System (TANCIS for Mainland) and ASYCUDA++ for Zanzibar together with all attachment of relevant documents including permits from Other Government Departments (OGD).
- Assessment of export taxes and duties if any.
- CFA make booking of container(s) from shipping line/agent.
- Stuffing of export cargo into container(s) under supervision of TRA and Other Government Departments (OGDs)
- Shipping line/agent submit to TRA export vessel schedule information.
- TRA audit (approve/reject) loading declaration (approved loading declaration automatically disseminated to Terminal operator as Loading List and becomes expected carry in).
- Gate check in conformation by TRA terminal gate.
- Terminal submits Carry in report to TRA to confirm arrival of export cargo at Terminal.
- Loading result report (short/normal loaded cargo) submitted by terminal to TRA.
- Conformation of loading report by TRA.
- Submission of Export manifest by Shipping Line/Agent to TRA.
- TRA Audit ( approve) export manifest (automatically strike off inventory from terminal)
What are the required documents?
- For exportation made through Zanzibar the exporter hands over the documents either manually or electronically to the CFA who uploads them in the Automated Systems for Customs Data (ASYCUDA++) and lodges the same to TRA; whereby a reference number is automatically generated.
- The exporter is required to inform the customs before loading the goods in the container or truck as the customs officer is required to supervise the loading process
- Booking of the space at the shipping line is not required for exports made through overland.
The following documents shall be produced for export:
- Invoice
- Parking list
- TIN certificate (exporter)
- Authorization letter
- Export certificates from relevant Authorities depending on nature of the goods to be exported. The certificates/permits may include.
- Certificates from Food and Drugs Authority
- Certificates from Ministry of Agriculture for crops
- Certificates from ministry of mines for minerals
- Certificates from Ministry of Natural Resources
NAMNA YA KUUZA BIDHAA NJE YA NCHI (EXPORT) UKIWA TANZANIA
Kwa sheria ya forodha ya Tanzania haikutozi kodi ya aina yoyote wewe unayeuza bidhaa nje ya nchi isipokuwa kwa aina mbili (2) tu za bidhaa nazo ni ngozi ghafi pamoja na korosho ghafi. Endapo utakuwa unauza/safirisha ngozi ghafi toka Tanzania utatozwa ushuru usiozidi 60% ya bei ya FOB au TSH. 600 kwa kilo.
Na kwa upande wa korosho utatozwa ushuru usiozidi 10% ya FOB au Dola za kimarekani 160 kwa kila tani moja ya mraba (metric ton).
Hatua za kupitia unapouza/safirisha bidhaa nje ya nchi
1. Muuzaji/msafirishaji unatakiwa kutafuta wakala wa shughuli za upokeaji na usafirishaji (Clearing and Forwarding Agent (CFA)) atakayeshughulika na maswala ya hati zinazohusika kwa njia ya intaneti.
2. Wakala atashughulika na hati na/au vibali vyote kwa njia ya mtandao maalumu uliounganishwa kutoka kwake na mfumo wa TRA kabla ya ukaguzi wa mwisho na kutolewa kibali cha kusafirisha. Hizo ndio hatua za awali kabisa za kuzipitia unapoanza kuuza/kusafirisha nje ya nchi.
Hati zinazotakiwa
1. Risiti ya mauzo
2. Mpangilio wa ufungashaji (park list)
3. Cheti chako cha mlipa kodi (TIN)
4. Cheti cha ridhaa kutoka wizara husika kwa aina ya bidhaa inayosafirishwa. Mfano wizara ya kilimo kwa mazao, au wizara ya madini kama ni madini yanasafirishwa au mamlaka ya chakula na dawa kama bidhaa ni chakula au madawa.
5. Barua ya kumruhusu au kumpa kazi huyo wakala wa upokeaji na usafirishaji (CFA).
Wakala atashughulikia kila mipango mwanzo hadi mwisho.
Wewe kwa upande wako utakuwa na jukumu la kuwa karibu naye kwa kila hatua anayopitia ili pia uweze kutoa taarifa kwa upande wa mteja wako wa nchi ya nje mfano utatakiwa kumtumia hati ya kusafirishia toka shirika la meli (kama ni meli) au namba ya ufuatiliaji (tracking number) kama ni kwa ndege.