Xi Jinping
JF-Expert Member
- Jun 14, 2023
- 3,651
- 11,548
"Maendeleo ya China katika miundombinu ni ya hali ya juu ni zaidi ya mara 100 ya Marekani."
–Elon Musk
–Elon Musk
Elon Musk aliposema hivyo hakutia chumvi ni uhalisi.
Kihistoria tangu zamani Wachina wako vizuri kwenye civil engineering. Mfano mmoja ni The Great Wall of China mradi uliojengwa miaka 2300 iliyopita
Katika kufanyia utafiti kauli ya Elon Musk nikaona baadhi ya mega projects zilizofanywa na China katika civil engineering na kuweka rekodi za dunia.
1. Three Gorges Dam
The Three Gorges Dam is the world’s largest power producing facility, and the world’s largest hydroelectric dam.
- Hii ndio HEP dam kubwa zaidi duniani. Sio ukubwa tu wa dam bali pia katika kuzalisha umeme
- Iligharimu $25 billion kuijenga.
- The total electric generating capacity of the Three Gorges Dam is 22,500 MW
- 32 main turbines
- Inazalisha mapato ya $5 billion in electricity per year.
- Ni moja ya miradi iliyojengwa na binadamu ambayo inaonekana kwa jicho la kawaida la binadamu akiwa anga za juu kulingana na NASA
Three Gorges Dam
The ship lock of the Three Gorges Dam. Ina stage 5 za kupandisha meli kufikia mita 113. Hii ndio the shiplift kubwa zaidi duniani inaweza kubeba meli hadi kufikia zenye uzito wa tani 3,000.
2. Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao bridge
Hili ndilo daraja refu zaidi duniani linalovuka eneo la bahari lenye urefu wa km 55.
- Daraja hili lina cable-stayed bridges 3, undersea tunnel na visiwa bandia (artificial islands) 4
- Longest undersea tunnel in the world 6 km
- It is both the longest sea crossing and the longest open-sea fixed link in the world
- Daraja hili limepewa hadhi ya kuwa moja ya maajabu saba ya dunia (New Seven Wonders of the World)
Kisiwa bandia
Mwingilio wa kwenye undersea tunnel
Eneo lenye undersea tunnel inayopita chini ya bahari urefu wa 6km kuruhusu meli kubwa zipite juu yake
Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao bridge
3. China's Middle Route Project of South-to-North Water Transfer
World's largest water diversion project
- Huu ndio mradi mkubwa zaidi duniani wa kuhamisha maji
- Malengo ya mradi huu ni kuhamisha mita za ujazo bilioni 44.8 za maji kwa mwaka kutoka Mto Yangtze kusini mwa China hadi Bonde la Yellow River kaskazini mwa China kupitia mfumo wa mifereji
- Ina urefu wa km 1432
- Kila mwaka mradi huu unawanufaisha watu zaidi ya milioni 100 Kaskazini mwa China kwa ajili ya matumizi ya majumbani, kilimo na viwandani.
- Kufikia 2014, zaidi ya $79 billion zimetumika kwenye mradi huu, hii imefanya kuwa moja ya mradi wa kikandarasi wenye gharama kubwa zaidi katika historia ya wanadamu.
Mifereji ya kusafirisha maji
China's Middle Route Project of South-to-North Water Transfer
Water overpass
4. Duge bridge
- Daraja hili limewekwa kwenye orodha ya Guinness World Records kama the world's highest bridge in 2018.
- Liko umbali wa mita 564 juu mto Beipan
Imagine how it was without the bridge
5.The Longli River Bridge
It is the world's first cable-stayed landscape bridge in a mountain and canyon area.
6. The Changtai Yangtze River Bridge
The world's largest span cable-stayed bridge.
- Linafahamika kama the complex bridge kwa sababu ndilo daraja la kwanza duniani kupita juu ya maji lenye highway, intercity railway na barabara za kawaida.
- Lina urefu wa kilomita 10.3 na upana wa mita 1208
- The bridge carries approximately 80,000 vehicles and 190 trains per day.
So far sijaona taifa linaloifikia China kwenye civil engineering mega projects. Chinese are very serious.
