Sildenafil Citrate
JF-Expert Member
- Jan 29, 2021
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Kila mtu ana haki ya faragha akiwa Mtandaoni. Hii inajumuisha uhuru wa kutofuatiliwa, haki ya kutumia msimbo (encryption), na haki ya kutokujitambulisha kwa majina halisi.
Kulindwa kwa haki hizi siyo tu huongeza uhuru wa kujieleza bali huongeza ushiriki wa watu katika kupasa sauti zao wawapo Mitandaoni hasa kwenye mazingira yasiyoruhusu uhuru wa kujieleza.
Ni njia rahisi inayofanya watu washiriki mijadala migumu pasipo uoga, pia husaidia kuongeza uwajibikaji.
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Anonymity and encryption are not new phenomena: anonymity has long facilitated the expression of controversial ideas and enabled dissent in many countries of the world; the use of ciphers and codes to protect the privacy of communications has an equally long history.
The protection of anonymity is a vital component in protecting both the right
to freedom of expression and the right to privacy. Anonymity allows individuals to express themselves without fear of reprisal, and is especially important in those countries where freedom of expression is heavily censored.
It enables whistleblowers to come forward and individuals to disclose their innermost concerns on a variety of issues in internet chat rooms. It also allows users simply to join in with all manner of discussions that they might otherwise avoid.
Governments around the world regularly attempt to restrict anonymity and the use of encryption tools for various reasons, from enabling unlawful activities to facilitating terrorism.
The protection of anonymity and encryption in international law is therefore more important than ever.
In this policy brief, originally developed as a contribution to the report on anonymity and encryption by the UN Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, ARTICLE 19 seeks to outline the implications of anonymity and encryption for the right to freedom of expression in the digital age.
We also identify the ways in which online anonymity and encryption are protected under international law and explore what restrictions to anonymity and encryption tools are compatible with the right to freedom of expression. We conclude with recommendations on how best to protect anonymity and encryption online.
Article 19 Org
Kulindwa kwa haki hizi siyo tu huongeza uhuru wa kujieleza bali huongeza ushiriki wa watu katika kupasa sauti zao wawapo Mitandaoni hasa kwenye mazingira yasiyoruhusu uhuru wa kujieleza.
Ni njia rahisi inayofanya watu washiriki mijadala migumu pasipo uoga, pia husaidia kuongeza uwajibikaji.
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Anonymity and encryption are not new phenomena: anonymity has long facilitated the expression of controversial ideas and enabled dissent in many countries of the world; the use of ciphers and codes to protect the privacy of communications has an equally long history.
The protection of anonymity is a vital component in protecting both the right
to freedom of expression and the right to privacy. Anonymity allows individuals to express themselves without fear of reprisal, and is especially important in those countries where freedom of expression is heavily censored.
It enables whistleblowers to come forward and individuals to disclose their innermost concerns on a variety of issues in internet chat rooms. It also allows users simply to join in with all manner of discussions that they might otherwise avoid.
Governments around the world regularly attempt to restrict anonymity and the use of encryption tools for various reasons, from enabling unlawful activities to facilitating terrorism.
The protection of anonymity and encryption in international law is therefore more important than ever.
In this policy brief, originally developed as a contribution to the report on anonymity and encryption by the UN Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, ARTICLE 19 seeks to outline the implications of anonymity and encryption for the right to freedom of expression in the digital age.
We also identify the ways in which online anonymity and encryption are protected under international law and explore what restrictions to anonymity and encryption tools are compatible with the right to freedom of expression. We conclude with recommendations on how best to protect anonymity and encryption online.
Article 19 Org
