Kiingereza cha kuongea
Kiingereza cha kuongea
- Thread starter Mr pesa
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mzurimie
JF-Expert Member
- Oct 16, 2011
- 6,143
- 3,625
Ni kweli kuongea inasaidia mie kuna hg wa kwa jirani yetu watoto wa ndugu wa bosi wake walikuja kutoka ulaya, basi walikaa nao wiki 3 au 4 duh mdada akawa anawasikiliza anaongea kiswahili. wakiongea kiingereza yeye akawa nae anarudia maneno na kama haelewi wanasema nini alikuwa anauliza basi we hadi raha ameambua maneno ya kila siku toka kwa watoto hao nao wameelewa maneno ya kiswahili.
Kwa sasa ana hamu hata warudi tena ajifunze, tangu mwaka jana kaendelea kuyasema maneno na kuyatumia ndani akiongea na watu.
So usikate tamaa kabisa.
Kwa sasa ana hamu hata warudi tena ajifunze, tangu mwaka jana kaendelea kuyasema maneno na kuyatumia ndani akiongea na watu.
So usikate tamaa kabisa.
Gogo la choo
JF-Expert Member
- Oct 8, 2012
- 708
- 292
Mkuu ulipiga course hiyo wapi asiee maana mi mwenyewe hali mbaya hapa..wakija wadhungu natoka jasho mpaka kwapani hapo..!!
Kunta Kinte
JF-Expert Member
- May 18, 2009
- 3,690
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Hawa vijana wetu wa sasa ukiwaambia ubalozi wa zambia ni ngumu kuelewa, wee mwambie opposite steers samora-atakuelewa kama umemuelekeza nyumbani kwao!!
mzamifu
JF-Expert Member
- Mar 10, 2010
- 6,400
- 3,853
Nakushauri kwanza usome vitabu vya grammar. kuna vitabu fulani viinaita Brighter Grammar vipo in series yani Book 1 hadi Book 4 nenda Posta kama upo DSM uvitafute uvnunue uvisome in 3 o 5 months.
Pili, kiingeza cha kuongea huwezekana kama utapata exposure ya kutosha yaani kama utakaa na watu wanaotumia kiingereza pekee au muda mrefu. British Council ni wazuri lakini kozi zao ni ghali na huchukua masaa machache mfano saa moja kwa wiki kwa miezi mf. 3. fuata na ushauri mwingine uliopewa. tungekuwa kaibu ningekupa msaada zaidi
Pili, kiingeza cha kuongea huwezekana kama utapata exposure ya kutosha yaani kama utakaa na watu wanaotumia kiingereza pekee au muda mrefu. British Council ni wazuri lakini kozi zao ni ghali na huchukua masaa machache mfano saa moja kwa wiki kwa miezi mf. 3. fuata na ushauri mwingine uliopewa. tungekuwa kaibu ningekupa msaada zaidi
Benaire
JF-Expert Member
- Dec 13, 2011
- 1,962
- 311
Jichanganye na wanaotumia lugha hii..utaweza kuongea...
Ni mazoezi tu kama ulivyojifunza na kuongea kiswahili.....
Maundumula
JF-Expert Member
- Nov 4, 2010
- 7,553
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Jenga tabia ya kujisomea vitabu.
Kirikou Wa Kwanza
JF-Expert Member
- May 24, 2013
- 3,564
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Hiyo British Council ipo mkoa gani?
A M. Lyimo
Member
- May 27, 2013
- 50
- 27
Kweli lugha yetu ya Taifa aina thamani. Ukijua kuongea kingereza vizuri unakuwa upo kwenye chance nzeuri sana ya kufaulu maisha
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[TD="class: question, width: 324, bgcolor: #ffcc99"][FONT=Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif] Vani writes: [/FONT]
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[TD="align: left"][FONT=Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif] Roger Woodham replies: [/FONT][FONT=Verdana,Geneva,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif] [/FONT][/TD]
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[TD="class: answer, bgcolor: #ff9966"]It is because the pronunciation of certain words has changed over the last few hundred years whereas the spelling has remained the same.
It is simply a matter of learning which letters are silent in certain combinations of letters. Here are some of the most common. Check to see how many you know and how many you still need to learn.
In the following examples, all silent letters are given in brackets. They are normally not pronounced. Listen carefully to native English speakers' pronunciation of these words.
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b: clim(b), com(b), plum(b)er, thum(b) The plum(b)er's thum(b) got cau(gh)t in his com(b) as he clim(b)ed the ladder. d: han(d)kerchief, san(d)wich, We(d)nesday I have san(d)wiches every We(d)nesday and ir(o)n my wais(t)coats in the ev(e)ning. e: ev(e)ry, ev(e)ning, diff(e)rent, sev(e)ral, int(e)resting, veg(e)table, lit(e)rature, temp(e)rature, p(e)rhaps He described sev(e)ral diff(e)rent veg(e)tables on his plate.
I didn't find that very int(e)resting, It certainly wasn't lit(e)rature.
P(e)rhaps his body temp(e)rature was too hi(gh).
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g: si(g)n, forei(g)n, champa(g)ne [/FONT]
[FONT=Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif] There was no si(g)n of the French champa(g)ne. [/FONT]
[FONT=Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif] gh: hi(gh), ri(gh)t, ni(gh)t, mi(gh)t, si(gh)t brou(gh)t, thou(gh)t, cau(gh)t, ou(gh)t, dau(gh)ter wei(gh), nei(gh)bour, strai(gh)t [/FONT]
[FONT=Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif] The hi(gh) and mi(gh)ty were not in si(gh)t that night.
I cau(gh)t some sa(l)mon and brou(gh)t them strai(gh)t to my dau(gh)ter.
My nei(gh)bour asked me how much I wei(gh)ed. [/FONT]
[FONT=Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif] h: (h)onest, (h)our, (h)onour, (h)eir [/FONT]
[FONT=Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif] "I'll be back in an (h)our," said the (h)eiress. But it was not an (h)onest or an (h)onourable ans(w)er. [/FONT]
[FONT=Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif] k: (k)nife, (k)now, (k)nock, (k)not, (k)nee, (k)nuckle, (k)nickers [/FONT]
[FONT=Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif] Did you know she has a (k)nife in her (k)nickers which could damage your (k)nuckles or your (k)nees? [/FONT]
[FONT=Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif] l: sa(l)mon, ca(l)m, wou(l)d, cou(l)d, shou(l)d, wa(l)k, ta(l)k, ha(l)f [/FONT]
[FONT=Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif] He cou(l)d wa(l)k for ha(l)f a mile and ta(l)k ca(l)mly about sa(l)monella poisoning for an (h)our and a half. [/FONT]
[FONT=Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif] n: autum(n), dam(n), hym(n), gover(n)ment [/FONT]
[FONT=Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif] He (w)rote a dam(n)ing report about the gover(n)ment's handling of the sa(l)monella crisis. [/FONT]
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[FONT=Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif] p: cu(p)board, (p)sychiatry/(p)sychology,
(p)sychotherapy, (p)neumonia/(p)neumatic [/FONT]
[FONT=Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif] The (p)sychiatrist recommended (p)sychotherapy. "There's no med(i)cine in your cu(p)board will help you," she said. "Save that for (p)neumonia." [/FONT]
[FONT=Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif] s: i(s)land, i(s)les
Ireland is an i(s)and. The British I(s)les are not part of Ireland. [/FONT] [FONT=Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif] t: lis(t)en, fas(t)en, of(t)en, whis(t)le, cas(t)le, Chris(t)mas [/FONT]
[FONT=Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif] Fas(t)en you sea(t) belts. [/FONT]
[FONT=Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif] How of(t)en do I have to say that? I can see you're not lis(t)ening when you're whis(t)ling. [/FONT]
[FONT=Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif][/FONT] [FONT=Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif] w: ans(w)er, (w)rite, (w)rong, (w)ring, (w)rinkle, (w)rist, (w)retched, (w)restler [/FONT]
[FONT=Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif] I feel (w)retched," said the (w)restler. [/FONT]
[FONT=Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif] "My (w)rist is all (w)rinkled. I can't (w)rite and who wou(l)d want to wrest(l)e with me now?" [/FONT]
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[TD="width: 432, bgcolor: #ff9966"][FONT=Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif] If you want to ask about other words with silent letters look at the Message Board in the You, Me and Us part of our website. [/FONT]
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Nyongeza kuhusu jinsi maneno ya Kiingereza yanavyoandikwa lakini alphabeti zake katika maneno hayasikiki wakati wa kutamka: In an alphabetic writing system, a silent letter is a letter that, in a particular word, does not correspond to any sound in the word's pronunciation. Silent letters create problems for both native and non-native speakers of a language, as they make it more difficult to guess the spellings of spoken words.
Phonetic transcriptions that better depict pronunciation and which note changes due to grammar and proximity of other words require a symbol to show that the letter is mute. Handwritten notes use a circle with a line through it and the sound is called "zero"; it resembles the symbol for the "empty set", but must not be confused with the Danish and Norwegian letter Ø. In printed or computer graphic presentation using the IPA system, the symbol ∅ is used.
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[h=2]English [edit][/h]One of the noted difficulties of English spelling is a high number of silent letters. Carney distinguishes different kinds of "silent" letter, which present differing degrees of difficulty to readers and writers:
Not all silent letters are completely redundant:
Phonetic transcriptions that better depict pronunciation and which note changes due to grammar and proximity of other words require a symbol to show that the letter is mute. Handwritten notes use a circle with a line through it and the sound is called "zero"; it resembles the symbol for the "empty set", but must not be confused with the Danish and Norwegian letter Ø. In printed or computer graphic presentation using the IPA system, the symbol ∅ is used.
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[h=2]English [edit][/h]One of the noted difficulties of English spelling is a high number of silent letters. Carney distinguishes different kinds of "silent" letter, which present differing degrees of difficulty to readers and writers:
- Auxiliary letters which, with another letter, constitute digraphs, i.e. two letters combined which represent a single phoneme. These may further be categorized as
- "exocentric" digraphs, where the sound of the digraph is different from that of either of its constituent letters. These are rarely considered "silent". There are examples
- where the phoneme has no standard single-letter representation, as with consonants ⟨ng⟩ for /ŋ/ as in sing, ⟨th⟩ for /θ/ as in thin or /ð/ as in then, and ⟨sh⟩ for /ʃ/ as in show, and diphthongs ⟨ou⟩ in out or ⟨oi⟩ in point. These are the default spellings for the relevant sounds and present no special difficulty for readers or writers.
- where standard single-letter representation uses another letter, as with ⟨gh⟩ in enough or ⟨ph⟩ in physical instead of ⟨f⟩. These are irregular for writers but may be less difficult for readers.
- "endocentric" digraphs, where the sound of the digraph is the same as that of one of its constituent letters. These include
- most double consonants, as ⟨bb⟩ in clubbed; though not geminate consonants, as ⟨ss⟩ in misspell. Doubling due to suffixation or inflection is regular; otherwise it may present difficulty to writers (e.g. accommodate is often misspelt) but not to readers.
- the discontiguous digraphs whose second element is "magic e", e.g. ⟨a_e⟩ in rate (cf. rat), ⟨i_e⟩ in fine (cf. fin). This is the regular way to represent "long" vowels in the last syllable of a morpheme.
- others such as ⟨ck⟩ (which is in effect the "doubled" form of ⟨k⟩😉, ⟨gu⟩ as in guard, vogue; ⟨ea⟩ as in bread, heavy, etc. These are difficult for writers and sometimes for readers.
- "exocentric" digraphs, where the sound of the digraph is different from that of either of its constituent letters. These are rarely considered "silent". There are examples
- Dummy letters with no relation to neighbouring letters and no correspondence in pronunciation:
- Some are inert letters, which are sounded in a cognate word: e.g. ⟨n⟩ in damn (cf. damnation); ⟨g⟩ in phlegm (cf. phlegmatic); ⟨a⟩ in practically (cf. practical). If the cognate is obvious, it may aid writers in spelling, but mislead readers in pronunciation.
- The rest are empty letters which never have a sound, e.g. ⟨w⟩ in answer, ⟨h⟩ in Sarah, ⟨s⟩ in island, ⟨b⟩ in subtle, the ⟨t⟩ in ballet. These present the greatest difficulty to writers and often to readers.
Not all silent letters are completely redundant:
- Silent letters can distinguish between homophones, e.g. in/inn; be/bee; lent/leant. This is an aid to readers already familiar with both words.
- Silent letters may give an insight into the meaning or origin of a word, e.g. vineyard suggests vines more than the phonetic *vinyard would.
- Silent letters may help to put weight on a certain syllable, telling the reader to put more stress on the syllable (Compare "physics" to "physiques"). The final ⟨fe⟩ in giraffe gives a clue to the second-syllable stress, where *giraf might suggest initial-stress.
- Sound changes occurring without a spelling change. The digraph ⟨gh⟩ was pronounced [x] in Middle English in such words as light.
- Sound distinctions from foreign languages may be lost, as with the distinction between smooth rho (ρ😉 and roughly aspirated rho (ῥ😉 in Ancient Greek, represented by ⟨r⟩ and ⟨rh⟩ in Latin, but merged to the same [r] in English. Similarly with ⟨f⟩ / ⟨ph⟩, the latter from Greek phi.
- Clusters of consonants may be simplified, producing silent letters e.g. silent ⟨th⟩ in asthma, silent ⟨t⟩ in Christmas. Similarly with alien clusters such as Greek initial ⟨ps⟩ in psychology and ⟨mn⟩ in mnemonic, and the much rarer clusters in chthonic and phthalate.
- Compound words are often simplified in pronunciation, while their spelling stays the same. For example, "cupboard" and "breakfast" were once pronounced the way they were written, but were then simplified over time. The words "forehead" and "waistcoat" have returned to their original pronunciations, but were once pronounced "forrid" and "weskit", respectively.
- Occasionally, spurious letters are consciously inserted in spelling. The ⟨b⟩ in debt and doubt was inserted to reflect Latin cognates like debit and dubitable.
Pronunciation tips
It's important to note that the spelling of a word is not always an accurate guide to how it is pronounced. Similarly the pronunciation of a word is not always helpful when working out how that word should be spelt.
There are 26 letters in the English alphabet but there are many more sounds in the English language. This means that the number of sounds in a word is not always the same as the number of letters.
For example, the word 'CAT' has three letters and three sounds but the word 'CATCH' has five letters but still only three sounds. If we write these words using sound symbols, we can see exactly how many sounds they have.
CAT is written -
CATCH is written -
In 'CATCH' the three letters TCH are one sound represented by one symbol
Alex has an undergraduate degree in Arabic and Turkish. She followed this with an MA in (Theoretical) Linguistics at University College London (UCL) and a PhD in Linguistics at the School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS) where she focused on Arabic phonology and phonetics.
- Introduction
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It's important to note that the spelling of a word is not always an accurate guide to how it is pronounced. Similarly the pronunciation of a word is not always helpful when working out how that word should be spelt.
There are 26 letters in the English alphabet but there are many more sounds in the English language. This means that the number of sounds in a word is not always the same as the number of letters.
For example, the word 'CAT' has three letters and three sounds but the word 'CATCH' has five letters but still only three sounds. If we write these words using sound symbols, we can see exactly how many sounds they have.
CAT is written -
CATCH is written -
In 'CATCH' the three letters TCH are one sound represented by one symbol
Alex has an undergraduate degree in Arabic and Turkish. She followed this with an MA in (Theoretical) Linguistics at University College London (UCL) and a PhD in Linguistics at the School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS) where she focused on Arabic phonology and phonetics.
- More from source: BBC Learning English | Pronunciation Tips
Pronunciation
Sounds and spelling
There are 26 letters in the English alphabet but there are
44 sounds in the English language. This means that the
number of sounds in a word is not always the same as
the number of letters.
The word 'CAT' has three letters and three sounds but the
word 'CATCH' has five letters but still only three sounds. Clue:
The number of letters and the number of sounds is always different in these
words.
horse
caught
cow
carrot
heart
through
island
know
chemist
singer
judge
daughter
business
treasure
thorough
enough
knowledge
singing
thinking
door
sugar
cupboard
more
laugh
check
Learn More from source: http://downloads.bbc.co.uk/worldser...ion/pdf/exercises/sound_spelling_exercise.pdf
Sounds and spelling
There are 26 letters in the English alphabet but there are
44 sounds in the English language. This means that the
number of sounds in a word is not always the same as
the number of letters.
The word 'CAT' has three letters and three sounds but the
word 'CATCH' has five letters but still only three sounds. Clue:
The number of letters and the number of sounds is always different in these
words.
horse
caught
cow
carrot
heart
through
island
know
chemist
singer
judge
daughter
business
treasure
thorough
enough
knowledge
singing
thinking
door
sugar
cupboard
more
laugh
check
Learn More from source: http://downloads.bbc.co.uk/worldser...ion/pdf/exercises/sound_spelling_exercise.pdf
Tupende kusikiliza michezo ya radio/tamthilia/drama iwe Redio za VOA, BBC n.k badala ya kuangalia sinema au video ili kupata nafasi ya kutumia masikio zaidi ya kuangalia sinema/video wakati tunataka kujifunza lugha ya Kiingereza kwa umakini. Sinema au video ktk lugha ya kiingereza iwe ni kwa ajili ya burudani ila kusikiliza michezo ya kuigiza ya redioni au katika radio za inteneti ni muhimu katika kufuatilia kwa umakini jinsi ya kutumia maneno au misamiati hususan kuongeza umahiri wa kuongea: Mchezo wa kuigiza/drama mfano: The Archers: Contemporary drama in a rural setting from the world's longest running soap opera. e.t.c Follow the... Source: BBC Radio 4 - The Archers - Available now
Pia mie hupenda kusoma kolamu za gazeti la Daily News Tanzania online http://www.dailynews.co.tz/index.ph...s-toasted-sandwichies-is-severed-from-6-30-am inayoandikwa na mwana-kolamu Lusuga Kironde ambapo bila kuchoka kila wiki hupitia maandiko ktk Kiingereza kisicho sahihi (Kiingereza cha Ki-Kenya, Kiingereza cha Kiganda na Kiingereza cha Kibongo) na kutuongoza ni vipi kuandika sentensi sahihi. gonga katika linki hizi uone makosa yetu : http://www.dailynews.co.tz/index.ph...h-cows-feasting-on-banana-peelings-in-kampala : http://www.dailynews.co.tz/index.ph...-also-a-heeler-of-asthma-and-a-global-trotter : http://www.dailynews.co.tz/index.ph...nation-did-he-experience-ascend-to-presidency
Dr Rutagwerera Sr
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- Dec 21, 2011
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British Council ipo Dar es Salaam, Posta karibu na Steers.
