Late Reginald Mengi's probate case: Historic and monumental judgement by his lordship Mlyambina

[Matojo Cosatta]

THE LEGAL BATTLE TO INHERIT THE ESTATE OF THE BUSINESS TYCOON LATE REGINALD MENGI: HISTORIC AND MONUMENTAL JUDGEMENT BY HIS LORDSHIP MLYAMBINA.


"The dead commands nothing from his grave except what the living allow him to do."


PART 1: BRIEF GENERAL OVERVIEW.

Just Yesterday, even before the legal shock waves of "Utakaso Doctrine" ( Sanitio in Radice ) cools down and even before the dust thereof settles down in the case of Marco Elias Buberwa Vs Agness Kokushekya Elias Buberwa, Misc. Civil Application No. 235 of 2020, our very own legal mind of this great res republica, His Lordship Mlyambina delivered the historic and monumental Judgment in Re Estate of Late Reginald Abraham Mengi which can be cited as Benjamin Benson Mengi & 3 Others Vs Abdiel Reginald Mengi & Benjamin Abraham Mengi, Probate and Administration Cause No. 39 of 2019.

This monumental judgment embodies in itself myriad of new legal principles and doctrines which significantly or radically changed landscape and inheritance legal equation of the Law of Succession in Tanzania.

Every Probate Lawyer in Tanzania has two options, either he reads and comprehends this monumental judgment very well to remain relevant as expert in the realm of Law of Succession in Tanzania or ignores it. If he ignores it, by default, he will practically find him delisted from the list of experts of the Law of Succession in Tanzania as this monumental judgment radically changed landscape and inheritance legal equation of the Law of Succession in Tanzania.

Briefly: the Last Will and Testament of Late Dr. Reginald Abraham Mengi was nullified and declared to be null et void ab initio for want of "Testamentary Capacity" contrary provisions of Section 46 of the Indian Succession Act, 1867 and contrary to ratio decidendi enunciated in the famous case of Banks Vs Goodfellow [1870] LR 5 QB 549 which was cited with approval by Court of Appeal of Tanzania in the case of Vaghella Vs Vaghella [1999] 2 EA 351 which is one of local case that recognises this principle. Additionally, the Last Will and Testament of Late Dr. Reginald Abraham Mengi has been nullified on ground of unreasonable disinheritance of heirs (a son and a daughter from the first marriage) something which is repugnant to, and inconsistent with, "Restrictive Testamentary Freedom Doctrine" enunciated by His Lordship Mlyambina in this case. Furthermore, the said Will and Testament was nullified on ground of "Matrimonial Assets Impediment".

As consequence of nullification of the purported Last Will and Testament of Late Mengi, the 1st Caveator and 2nd caveators, Mr. Abdiel Reginald Mengi and Mr. Benjamin Abraham Mengi respectively were appointed by High Court to be administrators of the estate of Late Reginald Abraham Mengi.


PART 2: JURISPRUDENTIAL SIGNIFICANCE OF MENGI'S PROBATE CASE.

Through Mengi's Probate Case, His Lordship Mlyambina has made the following jurisprudential contributions in endavour to develop the legal system;

(1) Mengi's ProbateCase marks the jurisprudential shift on area of Law of Succession from Absolute Testamentary Freedom Doctrine as enunciated in the famous English case of Banks Vs Goodfellow [1870] LR 5 QB 549 to a more relative flexible legal principle by name of Restrictive Testamentary Freedom Doctrine which is a more advanced species of Restrictive Testamentary Freedom than all species thereof obtaining in all common law jurisdictions in terms of stage and pace.

(2) As result of the said jurisprudential shift, Tanzania officially abandoned Absolute Testamentary Freedom Doctrine which existed and survived for more than 100 years.

(3) The new legal principle namely Restrictive Testamentary Freedom Doctrine introduced some elements of Force Heirship Doctrine in Tanzania in the realm of statutory succession law as result testator (parent or spouse) is now under legal obligation to bequeath his or her estate to members of his own nucleus family related to him by blood, marriage and adoption in a certain circumstances.

(4) This judgment imposed 5 restrictions on what is used to be known as unfettered discretionary power of testator in the realm of Testamentary Freedom to bequeath his estate as it pleases him which now operate as exceptions to general rule of Testamentary Freedom.

(5) The Doctrine of Testamentary Freedom continues to exist in Tanzania, however, it is no long absolute rather it is restrictive in its very nature as result the Doctrine of Testamentary Freedom admits the following 5 exceptions;

(a) Matrimonial Assets Impediment;

(b) Statutory Heirs Rule;

(c) Public Policy Bar;

(d) Exturpi Causa limitation; and

(e) Lack of Testamentary Capacity;

(6) A spouse (especially husband) is now barred by law to include and bequeath the share of matrimonial assets of another spouse (especially wife) as part and parcel of his/her estate.

(7) With these 5 exceptions or restrictions, now this judgment marks the end of Absolute Testamentary Freedom of Testator under statutory law in Tanzania.

(8) Notwithstanding the legal obligation of Testator to compulsorily bequeath part of his estate to his children and spouse under statutory law, yet as exceptions to general rule on Testamentary Obligation on the tastator, now the Testator is entitled to disinherit his child or spouse in the following circumstances;

(a) Where the son or daughter of testator commits adultery with the spouse of the testator;

(b) Where the spouse commits adultery with son or daughter of testator;

(c) Where a son, daughter or spouse attempt to murder the testator or his or her spouse;

(d) Where a son, daughter or spouse neglects to, fails to look after testator or fails to take care of testator in hunger or sickness or during old age without justifiable reasons;

(e) Mistreatment of testator by words or deeds;

(f) Where son, daughter or spouse by fraud, violence, intimidation, or undue influence causes the testator to make a will or to change one already made;

(g) Any other ground which the court may determine to be sufficient cause for disinheritance of son, daughter or spouse.


(9) His Lordship Mlyambina through this judgment has developed what is known as "the Dominant Part Doctrine" or rather "the Dominant Part Test" which is the new legal test that should be used to determine applicable law on estate and Last Will of deceased person in the circumstances of hybrid mode of life, this is a legal novel which probably is not known anywhere in all common jurisdictions .

(10) Now, in Tanzania there are 3 legal tests which should be used by court of law to determine law applicable to regulate the estate and last will and testament of deceased person namely;

(a) Intention of Deceased Test.

(b) Mode of Life Test

(c) Dominant Part Test.

(11) The Last Will and Testament of the Late Dr. Reginald Abraham Mengi was nullified and declared to be null et void ab initio for want of Testamentary Capacity contrary to provisions of Section 46 of the Indian Succession Act, 1867 and contrary to ratio decidendi enunciated in the famous case of Banks Vs Goodfellow [1870] LR 5 QB 549 which was cited with approval by Court of Appeal of Tanzania in the case of Vaghella Vs Vaghella [1999] 2 EA 351 which is one of local case that recognises this principle.

(12) His Lordship Mlyambina modified the Common law Principle namely Testamentary Freedom Doctrine to suit local circumstances of Tanzania and its inhabitants under provisions of Section 2 (3) of the Judicature and Application of Laws Act, Cap. 358 as judicially considered by several several cases in Tanzania including case of DPP Vs Vogel [1987] TLR 100 and Tanzania Air Services Limited Vs Minister for Labour & 2 Others [1996] TLR 217.

(13) His Lordship Mlyambina addressed issue of active role of judge in adversarial legal system and the modification of adversarial system in Tanzania to accommodate some elements of Inquisitorial Legal System .

(14) The Last Will and Testament of the Testator is liable to be invalidated and rendered null et void ab initio if it was made in contravention of any of 5 exceptions to the Doctrine of Testamentary Freedom list hereinabove.

(15) As consequence of nullification of the puported Last Will, the 1st Caveator and 2nd caveators, Mr. Abdiel Reginald Mengi and Mr. Benjamin Abraham Mengi respectively were appointed to be administrators of the estate of Late Reginald Abraham Mengi.

(16) Where the Last Will and Testament of the deceased Testator is nullified, the Letter of administration should be granted automatically where caveat is allowed as there is no need for caveator to institute fresh legal proceedings in the light of Doctrine of Overriding Objective enshrined in provisions of Section 3A and 3 B of the Civil Procedure Code, Cap. 33 as amended by provisions of Section 6 of the Written Laws (Miscellaneous Amendments) (No. 3) Act, 2018.


PART 3: BRIEF CONCLUSION.

The impact of this judgment is expected to extend beyond the territorial boundaries of the United Republic of Tanzania as this monumental judgment stands in the best position to influence jurisprudential shift in East Africa Region in particular and in all common jurisdictions in general.

By Matojo M. Cosatta

19/5/2021.

 

[Matojo Cosatta]

Nikipata muda nitatafsiri hili andiko kwa Kiswahili ili watu wengi zaidi waweze kuelewa hukumu hii vizuri.

 

[jmushi1]

Ule wosia wa Mengi ulikuwa kama wa mtu kichaa! Kama sikosei, mahakama imeliona hilo.

Nilliona K-lyn akilalamika kuwa Mengi alikuwa na akili timamu wakati akiandika wosia huo wa kipumbavu kabisa.

 

[Econometrician]

Hill swala linadhihirisha pasina shaka namba ambavyo wanawake wengi wanapata Mali za ujanja janja.

 

[Madumbikaya]

Mkuu huna haja ya kutafsiri sheria

Sheria sio Biblia au Msaafu,

Kuna vichekesho Sana hasa kwa wale Mahakimu maroboti au majaji maroboti yaani hawawezi kutoa haki nje ya sheria za darasani au vitabuni.

Nampongeza huyo Jaji sana.

Mfano,

Baba yangu amekubaliana na Kaka yake atampa urithi akifariki na wameuweka kisheria kabisa.

Baba huyo huyo ana watoto yaani Mimi na Mama yetu yupo na wote tunaishi nyumba moja, Yeye akifariki Mali inaenda kwa kaka yake kirahisi rahisi tu bila sababu za msingi.

Mimi nilishawahi shuhudia kesi Baba MKWE ana mkana mke wa mtoto wake kuwa ni hawala tu baada ya mwanae kufariki huku siku zote analea na anaishi na hao wajukuu.

Mambo ya Mali yahitaji busara


Wosia hata ukauweka kisheria, Bila kuwahusisha wahusika ni kazi bure

Ita ndugu na marafiki na uwaambie watoto live siwapi kitu ukiwa mzima na akili zako uone watoto watakufanya kitu gani?

Unaandika Wosia gizani bila kuwapa taarifa wanao kuwa sitawapa kitu? Ongea mbele zao na ndugu na mashahidi au mbele ya mahakama na Toa sababu za msingi utaeleweka.

Hebu mkuu Jaribu kumwambia mke kuwa hatapata kitu kwenye Wosia live kama kesho hautapotezwa mzima mzima

 

[pappilon]

Nikipata muda nitatafsiri hili andiko kwa Kiswahili ili watu wengi zaidi waweze kuelewa hukumu hii vizuri.

FANYA HVO MKUU

 

[Matojo Cosatta]

FANYA HVO MKUU

Nitajitahidi kufanya hivyo.

 

[Eric Cartman]

Tatizo sio lugha tu, umeandika kama vile walengwa ni wanasheria wenzako. Mentions of case laws, sheria na tests zilizotumika ambazo wengine atuzielewi.

Ingependeza ukirudi utupe summary ya decision kwa lugha rahisi na what test was used to determine the reasonable capacity ya marehemu hadi mahakama kusema his state of mind was defected to make such decisions.

Otherwise hoja zingine kwenye hiyo article zinawalenga proffesional wenzako on what it means for future cases, kuliko kutuelewesha watu wakawaida what has actually happened in this case.

 

[Matojo Cosatta]

Hill swala linadhihirisha pasina shaka namba ambavyo wanawake wengi wanapata Mali za ujanja janja.

Kweli kabisa hata kifo cha Mengi kimezungukwa na utata mkubwa sana.

 

[Poppy Hatonn]

Sijui jambo gani linasemwa hapa. Nadhani Mengi alimuondoa katika urithi mke wake wa kwanza na Mahakama imeamuru ku overule maamuzi ya Mengi.
Ieleweke matatizo ya kutafsiri Sasa siyo makubwa sana kwa sababu Microsoft wameshirikiana na UDSM kuandaa hiyo Google Translate.

KESI YA MABADILIKO YA MAREHEMU REGINALD MENGI: HUKUMU YA HISTORIA NA MAONI YA HABARI NA BWANA WAKE MLYAMBINA.

Mwanzo wa threadMatojo Cosatta

Tarehe ya kuanza Jana saa 9:47 alasiri

Vitambulisho @ pascal mayala cc. paschal mayalla kitaturu mselewa

Rukia kwa newIgnoreWatch



Matojo Cosatta

JF-Mtaalam Mwanachama

Jana saa 9:47 alasiri

Mpya

Ongeza alamisho

# 1

VITA VYA KISHERIA KURITHISHA KITUO CHA BIASHARA YA TOYONI MAREHEMU REGINALD MENGI: HUKUMU YA HISTORIA NA MAONI NA BWANA WAKE MLYAMBINA.


"Wafu hawaamri chochote kutoka kaburini isipokuwa kile ambacho walio hai wanamruhusu afanye."


SEHEMU YA 1: MAELEZO MAFUPI KWA UJUMLA.

Jana tu, hata kabla ya mawimbi ya mshtuko halali wa "Mafundisho ya Utakaso" (Sanitio huko Radice) kupoa na hata kabla vumbi lake halijatulia kwa kesi ya Marco Elias Buberwa Vs Agness Kokushekya Elias Buberwa, Misc. Matumizi ya Kiraia Na. 235 ya 2020, akili yetu wenyewe ya kisheria ya jamhuri hii kubwa, His Lordship Mlyambina alitoa Hukumu ya kihistoria na kubwa katika Re Estate ya Marehemu Reginald Abraham Mengi ambayo inaweza kutajwa kama Benjamin Benson Mengi & 3 Wengine Vs Abdiel Reginald Mengi & Benjamin Abraham Mengi, Njia ya Uchunguzi na Utawala Nambari 39 ya 2019.

Hukumu hii kubwa inajumuisha kanuni na mafundisho mpya ya kisheria ambayo yalibadilisha sana mazingira na urithi mlingano wa kisheria wa Sheria ya Urithi nchini Tanzania.

Kila Mwanasheria wa Probate nchini Tanzania ana chaguzi mbili, ama anasoma na anafahamu uamuzi huu mzuri sana ili kubaki muhimu kama mtaalam katika eneo la Sheria ya Urithi nchini Tanzania au kuipuuza. Ikiwa atapuuza, bila shaka, atamkuta akiondolewa kwenye orodha ya wataalam wa Sheria ya Urithi nchini Tanzania kama uamuzi huu mkubwa ulibadilisha sana mazingira na urithi wa usawa wa sheria ya Urithi wa Tanzania.

Kwa ufupi: Wosia wa Mwisho na Agano la Marehemu Dkt Reginald Abraham Mengi lilibatilishwa na kutangazwa kuwa batili kwa sababu ya uhitaji wa "Uwezo wa Agano" kinyume cha vifungu vya kifungu cha 46 cha Sheria ya Urithi wa India, 1867 na kinyume na uwiano wa uamuzi uliotamkwa katika kesi maarufu ya Banks Vs Goodfellow [1870] LR 5 QB 549 ambayo ilinukuliwa na idhini na Mahakama ya Rufaa ya Tanzania katika kesi ya Vaghella Vs Vaghella [1999] 2 EA 351 ambayo ni moja ya kesi ya ndani inayotambua kanuni hii. Kwa kuongezea, Wosia wa Mwisho na Agano la Marehemu Dk Reginald Abraham Mengi amebatilishwa kwa sababu ya urithi usiofaa wa warithi (mtoto wa kiume na wa kike kutoka kwa ndoa ya kwanza) kitu ambacho kinachukiza, na hakiendani na, "Mafundisho ya Kizuizi cha Uhuru wa Kiyama. "Iliyotamkwa na Bwana wake Mlyambina katika kesi hii. Kwa kuongezea, Wosia na Agano lililotajwa lilibatilishwa kwa msingi wa "Upungufu wa Mali za Ndoa".

Kama matokeo ya kubatilishwa kwa Wosia wa Mwisho na Agano la Marehemu linalodaiwa kuwa la Marehemu Mengi, Mpango wa 1 na walindaji wa pili, Bwana Abdiel Reginald Mengi na Bwana Benjamin Abraham Mengi waliteuliwa na Korti Kuu kuwa wasimamizi wa mali ya Marehemu Reginald Abraham Mengi .


SEHEMU YA 2: UMUHIMU WA KISHERIA KWA KESI YA MABADILIKO YA MENGI.

Kupitia Uchunguzi wa Mengi, Ufalme wake Mlyambina ametoa michango ifuatayo ya sheria katika nia ya kukuza mfumo wa sheria;

(1) Kesi ya Probate ya Mengi inaashiria mabadiliko ya sheria katika eneo la Sheria ya Urithi kutoka Mafundisho ya Uhuru wa Agano Jipya kama ilivyoainishwa katika kesi maarufu ya Kiingereza ya Banks Vs Goodfellow [1870] LR 5 QB 549 kwa kanuni ya sheria inayobadilika zaidi kwa jina la Restrictive Testamentary Mafundisho ya Uhuru ambayo ni aina ya juu zaidi ya Uhuru wa Kizuizi cha Kizuizi kuliko spishi zote zinazopatikana katika mamlaka zote za kawaida za sheria kwa hatua na kasi.

(2) Kama matokeo ya mabadiliko ya sheria, Tanzania iliachana rasmi na Mafundisho ya Uhuru wa Agano Jipya ambayo yalikuwepo na kuishi kwa zaidi ya miaka 100.

(3) Kanuni mpya ya kisheria ambayo ni Mafundisho ya Uhuru wa Kiyama ya Kizuizi ilianzisha mambo kadhaa ya Mafundisho ya Nguvu ya Urithi nchini Tanzania katika eneo la sheria ya urithi wa kisheria kama mpokeaji wa hati (mzazi au mwenzi) sasa yuko chini ya wajibu wa kisheria kumiliki urithi wake kwa wanachama wa familia yake ya kiini inayohusiana naye kwa damu, ndoa na kupitishwa katika hali fulani.

(4) Hukumu hii iliweka vizuizi 5 kwa kile kinachotumiwa kujulikana kama nguvu ya hiari ya usia ya wosia katika eneo la Uhuru wa Agano la Agano kuachia urithi wake kama inavyompendeza yeye ambaye sasa anafanya kazi isipokuwa sheria kuu ya Uhuru wa Agano.

(5) Mafundisho ya Uhuru wa Agano Jipya yanaendelea kuwepo nchini Tanzania, hata hivyo, hayana muda mrefu kabisa bali ni yenye vizuizi katika asili yake kwa sababu Mafundisho ya Uhuru wa Agano Jipya yanakubali ubaguzi 5 ufuatao;

(a) Upungufu wa Mali za Ndoa;

(b) Sheria ya Warithi wa Kisheria;

(c) Baa ya Sera ya Umma;

(d) Upungufu wa Causa wa Exturpi; na

(e) Ukosefu wa Uwezo wa Agano;

(6) Mke (haswa mume) sasa amezuiliwa na sheria kujumuisha na kutoa urithi wa mali ya ndoa ya mwenzi mwingine (haswa mke) kama sehemu ya mali yake.

(7) Pamoja na ubaguzi au vizuizi hivi 5, sasa uamuzi huu unaashiria mwisho wa Uhuru wa Agano la Agano kamili chini ya sheria za kisheria nchini Tanzania.

(8) Pamoja na wajibu wa kisheria wa wosia kutoa kwa lazima kwa sehemu ya mali yake kwa watoto wake na mwenzi wake chini ya sheria ya kisheria, lakini isipokuwa kanuni za jumla juu ya Wajibu wa Agano juu ya mtoto, sasa Testator ana haki ya kumrithi mtoto wake au mwenzi wake katika mazingira yafuatayo;

(a) Pale mtoto wa kiume au binti ya wosia atakapozini na mwenzi wa wosia;

(b) Pale mwenzi anapozini na mwanawe au binti ya wosia;

(c) Pale mtoto wa kiume, wa kike au wa mke anajaribu kumuua wosia au mwenzi wake;

(d) Pale mtoto wa kiume, wa kike au wa kiume anapuuza, ashindwe kumtunza wosia au ashindwe kumtunza wosia kwa njaa au ugonjwa au wakati wa uzee bila sababu za msingi;

(e) Kutendewa vibaya kwa wosia kwa maneno au matendo;

(f) Pale mwana, binti au mwenzi kwa ulaghai, vurugu, vitisho, au ushawishi usiofaa husababisha wosia kutoa wosia au kubadilisha ile iliyokwisha kutolewa;

(g) Sababu nyingine yoyote ambayo korti inaweza kuamua kuwa sababu ya kutosha ya urithi wa mwana, binti au mwenzi.


(9) Ufalme wake Mlyambina kupitia uamuzi huu ameendeleza kile kinachojulikana kama "Mafundisho ya Sehemu Iliyotawala" au tuseme "Jaribio la Sehemu Iliyo Kuu" ambayo ni jaribio jipya la kisheria ambalo linapaswa kutumiwa kuamua sheria inayofaa ya mali isiyohamishika na Wosia wa Mwisho wa marehemu mtu katika hali ya maisha mseto, hii ni riwaya ya kisheria ambayo labda haijulikani popote katika mamlaka zote za kawaida.

(10) Sasa, nchini Tanzania kuna vipimo 3 vya kisheria ambavyo vinapaswa kutumiwa na korti ya sheria kuamua sheria inayotumika kudhibiti mali na wosia wa mwisho wa mtu aliyekufa yaani;

(a) Nia ya Mtihani wa Marehemu.

(b) Njia ya Mtihani wa Maisha

(c) Jaribio kubwa la Sehemu.

(11) Wosia wa Mwisho na Agano la Marehemu Dkt Reginald Abraham Mengi lilibatilishwa na kutangazwa kuwa batili kwa sababu ya uhitaji wa Agano la Agano kinyume na vifungu vya Kifungu cha 46 cha Sheria ya Urithi wa India, 1867 na kinyume na uamuzi wa uwiano iliyotajwa katika kesi maarufu ya Banks Vs Goodfellow [1870] LR 5 QB 549 ambayo ilitajwa kwa idhini na Mahakama ya Rufaa ya Tanzania katika kesi ya Vaghella Vs Vaghella [1999] 2 EA 351 ambayo ni moja ya kesi ya ndani inayotambua kanuni hii .

(12) Ubwana wake Mlyambina alibadilisha Kanuni ya Sheria ya Kawaida ambayo ni Mafundisho ya Uhuru wa Agano Jipya ili kuendana na hali za mitaa ya Tanzania na wakaazi wake chini ya vifungu vya Kifungu cha 2 (3) cha Sheria ya Uamuzi na Utekelezaji wa Sheria, Sura. 358 kama inavyozingatiwa kimahakama na kesi kadhaa nchini Tanzania ikiwa ni pamoja na kesi ya DPP Vs Vogel [1987] TLR 100 na Tanzania Air Services Limited Vs Waziri wa Kazi na 2 Wengine [1996] TLR 217.

(13) Bwana wake Mlyambina alizungumzia suala la jukumu kubwa la jaji katika mfumo wa sheria wa wapinzani na mabadiliko ya mfumo wa uhasama nchini Tanzania ili kuchukua mambo kadhaa ya Mfumo wa Sheria wa Kichunguzi.

(14) Wosia wa Mwisho na Agano la wosia zinastahili kubatilishwa na kufanywa kuwa batili ikiwa ilifanywa kinyume na tofauti zozote 5 kwa orodha ya Mafundisho ya Uhuru wa Agano hapa juu.

[15] Kama matokeo ya kubatilishwa kwa Wosia wa Mwisho uliopigwa marufuku, Mpango wa 1 na walindaji wa pili, Bwana Abdiel Reginald Mengi na Bwana Benjamin Abraham Mengi waliteuliwa kuwa wasimamizi wa mali ya Marehemu Reginald Abraham Mengi.

(16) Pale Wosia na Agano la Mwisho la Testator aliyekufa limebatilishwa, Barua ya Usimamizi inapaswa kutolewa kiotomatiki pale ambapo tahadhari inaruhusiwa kwani hakuna haja ya mchungaji kuanzisha kesi mpya za kisheria kwa kuzingatia Mafundisho ya Lengo la Kufutilia mbali lililowekwa katika vifungu vya Sehemu ya 3A na 3 B ya Kanuni ya Utaratibu wa Kiraia, Sura. 33 kama ilivyorekebishwa na vifungu vya Sehemu ya 6 ya Sheria zilizoandikwa (Marekebisho ya anuwai) (Na. 3) Sheria, 2018.


SEHEMU YA 3: HITIMISHO KWA UFUPI.

Athari za uamuzi huu zinatarajiwa kupanuka zaidi ya mipaka ya eneo la Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania wakati uamuzi huu mkubwa unasimama katika nafasi nzuri ya kushawishi mabadiliko ya sheria katika Mkoa wa Afrika Mashariki haswa na katika mamlaka zote za kawaida kwa ujumla.

Na Matojo M. Cosatta

19/5/2021.

 

[balibabambonahi]

Huyo mke alikuwa na cheti cha ndoa? Kama hakikuwepo huyo mzee hana kosa.

 

[balibabambonahi]

Sijui jambo gani linasemwa hapa. Nadhani Mengi alimuondoa katika urithi mke wake wa kwanza na Mahakama imeamuru ku overule maamuzi ya Mengi

Hapo kwa bwana wake hapo!

 

[denooJ]

Yule mwanamke kumbe ni tapeli, ule wosia alighushi na wahuni mtaani, anatakiwa kufunguliwa mashtaka.

 

[denooJ]

Tatizo sio lugha tu, umeandika kama vile walengwa ni wanasheria wenzako. Mentions of case laws, sheria na tests zilizotumika ambazo wengine atuzielewi...

Umenikumbusha maneno ya majaji, huwa wanasema when writing a judgement it should convey a message so that even a layman can understand what is written, sio kuijaza phrase nyingi na lugha ya kilatini kama vile hiyo judgement wanaandikiwa wanasheria wenzao.

 

[Pohamba]

Shujaa angekuwepo matokeo ya hii kesi yangekuwa kinyume chake

 

[JBITUNGO]

Nikipata muda nitatafsiri hili andiko kwa Kiswahili ili watu wengi zaidi waweze kuelewa hukumu hii vizuri.

Tunakuomba sana. Tupe tafsiri kwa kiswahili tafadhali. Huo ndio maana ya "usomi".

 

[Matojo Cosatta]

Sijui jambo gani linasemwa hapa. Nadhani Mengi alimuondoa katika urithi mke wake wa kwanza na Mahakama imeamuru ku overule maamuzi ya Mengi

Asante sana kwa hii automatic translation. Naona kuna mapungufu fulani kwenye hii automatic translation, nitaiboresha baadae siku ya leo.

 

[Chairman Lee]

Mkuu naomba nakala halisi ya hii hukumu Asante

 

[August]

Asante sana kwa hii automatic translation. Naona kuna mapungufu fulani kwenye hii automatic translation, nitaiboresha baadae siku ya leo.

Naomba na ya kesi ya Mrema Augustino

 

[jkipaji]

Nikipata muda nitatafsiri hili andiko kwa Kiswahili ili watu wengi zaidi waweze kuelewa hukumu hii vizuri.

Asante sana mkuu ubarikiwe sana!!