pye Chang shen
JF-Expert Member
- Jul 11, 2016
- 11,422
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Hivi kweli rais atake hela ndio auze madawa ya kulevya?
Huu upumbavu uko marekani tu
Huu upumbavu uko marekani tu
Marekani yamfungulia mashtaka Rais Nicolás Maduro wa Venezuela
Marekani yamfungulia mashtaka Rais Nicolás Maduro wa Venezuela
- Thread starter beth
- Start date
Hammaz
JF-Expert Member
- May 16, 2018
- 6,607
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Siasa zinakupeleka pabaya!
Kweli Mkuu,
Historia ni somo zuri, watawala wajiangalie na kujitathmini maana sasa ni Nicholas Maduro kabla ya hapo kina Jean Pierre Bemba, Manuel Noriega ...
Panama city , Panama
Kupanda na kushuka kwa Kiongozi wa Panama Jenerali Manuel Noriega
Jenerali Manuel Noriega katika historia ya watawala wa Latino Amerika. Mmoja wa viongozi ktk historia wanaokumbukwa siyo kwa mazuri.
Bali jinsi Manuel Noriega alivyotawala nchi kwa kutumia 'mkono wa chuma' lakini mwisho wake akaishia jela nchini Marekani baada na kupatikana na hatia kwa kushiriki kwake ktk kupanga, kusaidia, kufadhili na kushiriki biashara ya madawa ya kulevya kujinufaisha yeye na genge lake.
Jenerali Manuel Noriega alikulia kijijini kwao karibu na mpaka wa nchini yake ya Panama na nchi jirani ya Colombia. Utotoni Noriega alipata bahati mbaya na kuugua ugonjwa wa surua ulioharibu uso wake kiasi cha kupewa jina la utani la 'uso wa tunda la nanasi' - a.k.a Lapina. Pamoja na majanga hayo alifanikiwa kujiunga na elimu ya sekondari katika shule bora ya vipaji mjini Panama city na kujifunza masomo ikiwemo humanities ( arts na history).
Source: Military learning
Ndoto zake Noriega akiwa shuleni ni kuja kuwa Psychiatrist au president wa taifa la Panama. Akiwa shuleni alianzisha kikundi cha vijana wenziwe wa kisoshalisti ili kupinga siasa za kibwanyenye na ubeberu. Noriega alijifunza kwa bidii sana masomo yake lakini hakuweza kufaulu vizuri kutimiza ndoto ya kuwa daktari maana alikuwa average student.
Pamoja ya kushindwa masomo chuoni Noriega aliweza kuajiriwa kama chemist / muuza madawa ktk duka mjini Panama city. Bahati nyingine ikamuangukia Noriega baada ya kutambulishwa kwa kaka yake wa tumbo lingine aliyekuwa anafanya kazi ubalozini mjini Lima, nchini Peru. Akamfahamisha Noriega kuna skolashipu za chuo cha Kijeshi kama atapenda kujiunga na jeshi.
Lakini Noriega alikuwa tayari ana umri wa miaka zaidi ya 20 wakati Chuo kilihitaji awe chini ya miaka 20 , kwa kutumia ujanja wa mjini Noriega aliweza kupata cheti kipya cha kuzaliwa na ghafla umri wake ukawa miaka 18 yaani miaka 4 pungufu ya umri wake halisi. Hivyo Noriega akaweza kupata skolashipu hivyo na kujiunga na chuo cha Kijeshi nchini Peru kwa mafunzo.
Baada ya miaka 4 ktk chuo hicho cha Kijeshi nchini Peru, Noriega alifanikiwa kuhitimu degree ya uhandisi na kurejea kwao Panama. Akapangiwa kazi ya kuwa surveyor. Siku moja alimtembelea rafiki yake katika kambi ya Polisi National Guards pwani ya pacific.
Bahati ya mtende ikamwangukia maana Kanali mmoja kamanda wa Jeshi la Polisi la National Guards machachari, mtoto-wa-mjini na maarufu Omar Torrijos alitembelea pia kambi hiyo ya Polisi, hivyo ghafla bin vuu surveyor Noriega akakumbana uso kwa uso na colonel Omar Torrijos. Noriega akajikuta ana stand attention kijeshi bila kujijua, Kanali Torrijos akagundua kuwa huyu kijana Noriega amepitia mafunzo ya kijeshi.
Kanali mtoto wa mjini Omar Torrijos akamwalika Noriega ktk sherehe maalum na kumshawishi ajiunge na jeshi maalum la National Guards huo ukawa mwanzo wa nyota ya Noriega kupaa kwa kasi jeshini.
Luteni Manuel Noriega akateuliwa kuwa mkuu wa intelejensia jimbo moja la Kusini la Panama. Noriega kutokana na cheo hicho alipelekwa kwa mafunzo zaidi na ripoti ya kadi ya mafunzo yake ktk maktaba ya CIA ilionesha alikuwa mwanafunzi mzuri yaliyepata alama za juu ktk somo la Psychological warfare. Somo lililokuwa muhimu katika kupambana na wapinzani wa Kikomunisti.
Omar Torrijos swahiba wake Manuel Noriega, akaongoza mapinduzi ya kijeshi nchini Panama na kukoleza vita dhidi ya mabeberu waliokuwa wanamiliki mfereji maarufu wa usafiri wa meli kubwa za baharini wa Panama canal.
Mabeberu hawakupenda sera za mapinduzi za Omar Torrijos hivyo wakapanga mapinduzi kumgoa Omar. Wakasubiri Omar Torrijos akiwa safarini Mexico na kuandaa mapinduzi ya mengine. Omar Torrijos kusikia mapinduzi hayo akamuagiza swahiba wake Kapteni Noriega kuzima jaribio hilo.
Kapteni Manuel Noriega alifaulu kuzima jaribio hilo na kufanikisha kurejea Panama Jenerali Omar Torrijos. Omar alirejea kishujaa na wakapanda gari moja la wazi pamoja na Noriega wakipita mitaani huku wakipunga mikono kwa wananchi wengi waliojitokeza kuonesha mshikamano dhini ya mabeberu.
Baada ya tukio hili la Manuel Noriega kufanikiwa kuzima jaribio la Mapinduzi dhidi ya Jenerali Omar Torrijos, mara kwa mara kiongozi huyo mwana-mapinduzi wa Panama Omar Torrijos alisikika akimwita kapteni Noriega kishikaji kama 'kichaa wangu' , 'mwanangu' a.k.a gangster wangu. Na kwenda mbali zaidi Dikteta Omar Torrijos akasema Noriega anajua nini cha kufanya hata bila ya kumwambia, anachohitaji Noriega ni wao kutazamana machoni tu na tayari kila mmoja anajua nini kifanyike.
Noriega nyota yake ikazidi kupaa na akapewa cheo cha u Luteni Kanali na kuwa mkuu wa military intelligence akitambulishwa kama G -2. Kupitia wadhifa huo mpya wenye nguvu, Lt Kanali Manuel Noriega akawa masikio na macho ya Diktekta Omar Torrijos kwa Noriega kufungua mafaili ya siri kuhusu taarifa za viongozi wote ktk serikali na wale wapinzania wa diktekta huyo. Hivyo Noriega aliogopwa na wengi hata wale waliokuwa na nyadhifa kubwa kuliko Noriega.
CIA hawakuwa mbali ktk kufuatilia nyendo za Noriega na kufungua faili la siri kutunza ripoti za habari lukuki kuhusu kamanda huyu 'mzalendo' nambari moja na kutabiri siku za usoni anaweza kuwa Kamanda Mkuu wa Majeshi yote na hata kiongozi diktekta wa Panama.
Utabiri wa CIA kuhusu 'nyota' ya Manuel Noriega ulitimia baada ya ndege iliyombeba Diktekta Jenerali Omar Torrijos ilipoanguka ktk milima ya Panama mwezi Julai 1981. Uvumi kuhusu ajali hiyo ulizagaa kuwa kulikuwepo bomu ndani ya ndege na kuwa Manuel Noriega alihusika kulipenyeza humo.
Uchunguzi wa ajali hiyo ya ndege iliyopora maisha ya Jenerali Omar Torrijos ulibaini ni ajali tu ya kawaida ya ndege na siyo kama uvumi ulivyokuwa umetapakaa kuwa Noriega anahusika. Miaka miwili ya msuguano wa nani amrithi Omar Torrijos ilipita na hatimaye Manuel Noriega akaibuka kama kiongozi wa Panama. Hii ilichukua muda kutokana na viongozi waandamizi wa kijeshi na kisiasa kumuona Noriega si mwenzetu, ni 'wakuja' asiye na ushawishi wala makundi ya kumbeba kuweza kuongoza nchi kama Rais.
Baada ya utawala wake wa miaka 6 kama Kiongozi wa Panama, Jenerali Manuel Noriega aliondolewa madarakani na jeshi la Marekani mwaka 1989 kisha kupekekwa nchini Marekani na kupatikana na hatia ya kuhusika na kushiriki katika kusaidia madawa ya kulevya kuingia Marekani. Alihukumiwa miaka 40 jela na baada ya miaka 20 aliachiwa na kufunguliwa mashtaka mengine nchini Ufaransa lakini akaachiwa na kurejea nchini Panama kufunguliwa mashitaka ya kuwapoteza wapinzani wake.
Mr. Noriega in 2011, after he was flown home to serve 20 years for the disappearances of political opponents in the 1980s.Credit...Esteban Felix/Associated Press
Erythrocyte
JF-Expert Member
- Nov 6, 2012
- 128,308
- 245,426
Kweli Mkuu,
Historia ni somo zuri, watawala wajiangalie na kujitathmini maana sasa ni Nicholas Maduro kabla ya hapo kina Jean Pierre Bemba, Manuel Noriega ...
Panama city , Panama
Kupanda na kushuka kwa Kiongozi wa Panama
Jenerali Manuel Noriega katika historia ya watawala wa Latino Amerika. Mmoja wa viongozi ktk historia wanaokumbukwa siyo kwa mazuri.
Bali jinsi Manuel Noriega alivyotawala nchi kwa kutumia 'mkono wa chuma' lakini mwisho wake akaishia jela nchini Marekani baada na kupatikana na hatia kwa kushiriki kwake ktk kupanga, kusaidia, kufadhili na kushiriki biashara ya madawa ya kulevya kujinufaisha yeye na genge lake.
Jenerali Manuel Noriega alikulia kijijini kwao karibu na mpaka wa nchini yake ya Panama na nchi jirani ya Colombia. Utotoni Noriega alipata bahati mbaya na kuugua ugonjwa wa surua ulioharibu uso wake kiasi cha kupewa jina la utani la 'uso wa tunda la nanasi' - a.k.a Lapina. Pamoja na majanga hayo alifanikiwa kujiunga na elimu ya sekondari katika shule bora ya vipaji mjini Panama city na kujifunza masomo ikiwemo humanities ( arts na history).
Source: Military learning
Ndoto zake Noriega akiwa shuleni ni kuja kuwa Psychiatrist au president wa taifa la Panama. Akiwa shuleni alianzisha kikundi cha vijana wenziwe wa kisoshalisti ili kupinga siasa za kibwanyenye na ubeberu. Noriega alijifunza kwa bidii sana masomo yake lakini hakuweza kufaulu vizuri kutimiza ndoto ya kuwa daktari maana alikuwa average student.
Pamoja ya kushindwa masomo chuoni Noriega aliweza kuajiriwa kama chemist / muuza madawa ktk duka mjini Panama city. Bahati nyingine ikamuangukia Noriega baada ya kutambulishwa kwa kaka yake wa tumbo lingine aliyekuwa anafanya kazi ubalozini mjini Lima, nchini Peru. Akamfahamisha Noriega kuna skolashipu za chuo cha Kijeshi kama atapenda kujiunga na jeshi.
Lakini Noriega alikuwa tayari ana umri wa miaka zaidi ya 20 wakati Chuo kilihitaji awe chini ya miaka 20 , kwa kutumia ujanja wa mjini Noriega aliweza kupata cheti kipya cha kuzaliwa na ghafla umri wake ukawa miaka 18 yaani miaka 4 pungufu ya umri wake halisi. Hivyo Noriega akaweza kupata skolashipu hivyo na kujiunga na chuo cha Kijeshi nchini Peru kwa mafunzo.
Baada ya miaka 4 ktk chuo hicho cha Kijeshi nchini Peru, Noriega alifanikiwa kuhitimu degree ya uhandisi na kurejea kwao Panama. Akapangiwa kazi ya kuwa surveyor. Siku moja alimtembelea rafiki yake katika kambi ya Polisi National Guards pwani ya pacific.
Bahati ya mtende ikamwangukia maana Kanali mmoja kamanda wa Jeshi la Polisi la National Guards machachari, mtoto-wa-mjini na maarufu Omar Torrijos alitembelea pia kambi hiyo ya Polisi, hivyo ghafla bin vuu surveyor Noriega akakumbana uso kwa uso na colonel Omar Torrijos. Noriega akajikuta ana stand attention kijeshi bila kujijua, Kanali Torrijos akagundua kuwa huyu kijana Noriega amepitia mafunzo ya kijeshi.
Kanali mtoto wa mjini Omar Torrijos akamwalika Noriega ktk sherehe maalum na kumshawishi ajiunge na jeshi maalum la National Guards huo ukawa mwanzo wa nyota ya Noriega kupaa kwa kasi jeshini.
Luteni Manuel Noriega akateuliwa kuwa mkuu wa intelehensia jimbo moja la Kusini la Panama. Noriega kutokana na cheo hicho alipelekwa kwa mafunzo zaidi na ripoti ya kadi ya mafunzo yake ktk maktaba ya CIA ilionesha alikuwa mwanafunzi mzuri yaliyepata alama za juu ktk somo la Psychological warfare. Somo lililokuwa muhimu katika kupambana na wapinzani wa Kikomunisti.
Omar Torrijos swahiba wake Manuel Noriega, akaongoza mapinduzi ya kijeshi nchini Panama na kukoleza vita dhidi ya mabeberu waliokuwa wanamiliki mfereji maarufu wa usafiri wa meli kubwa za baharini wa Panama canal.
Mabeberu hawakupenda sera za mapinduzi za Omar Torrijos hivyo wakapanga mapinduzi kumgoa Omar. Wakasubiri Omar Torrijos akiwa safarini Mexico na kuandaa mapinduzi ya mengine. Omar Torrijos kusikia mapinduzi hayo akamuagiza swahiba wake Kapteni Noriega kuzima jaribio hilo.
Kapteni Manuel Noriega alifaulu kuzima jaribio hilo na kufanikisha kurejea Panama Jenerali Omar Torrijos. Omar alirejea kishujaa na wakapanda gari moja la wazi pamoja na Noriega wakipita mitaani huku wakipunga mikono kwa wananchi wengi waliojitokeza kuonesha mshikamano dhini ya mabeberu.
Baada ya tukio hili la Manuel Noriega kufanikiwa kuzima jaribio la mapinduzi dhidi ya Omar Torrijos mara kwa mara kiongozi huyo mwana-mapinduzi wa Panama alisikika akimwita kapteni Noriega kishikaji kama 'kichaa wangu' a.k.a gangster wangu. Na kwenda mbali zaidi Dikteta Omar Torrijos akasema Noriega anajua nini cha kufanya hata bila ya kumwambia, anachohitaji Noriega ni wao kutazamana machoni tu na tayari kila mmoja anajua nini kifanyike.
Noriega nyota yake ikazidi kupaa na akapewa cheo cha u Luteni Kanali na kuwa mkuu wa military intelligence akitambulishwa kama G -2. Kupitia wadhifa huo mpya wenye nguvu, Lt Kanali Manuel Noriega akawa masikio na macho ya Diktekta Omar Torrijos kwa Noriega kufungua mafaili ya siri kuhusu taarifa za viongozi wote ktk serikali na wale wapinzania wa diktekta huyo. Hivyo Noriega aliogopwa na wengi hata wale waliokuwa na nyadhifa kubwa kuliko Noriega.
CIA hawakuwa mbali ktk kufuatilia nyendo za Noriega na kufungua faili la siri kutunza ripoti za habari lukuki kuhusu kamanda huyu 'mzalendo' nambari moja na kutabiri siku za usoni anaweza kuwa Kamanda Mkuu wa Majeshi yote na hata kiongozi diktekta wa Panama.
Utabiri wa CIA kuhusu 'nyota' ya Manuel Noriega ulitimia baada ya ndege iliyombeba Diktekta Jenerali Omar Torrijos ilipoanguka ktk milima ya Panama mwezi Julai 1981. Uvumi kuhusu ajali hiyo ulizagaa kuwa kulikuwepo bomu ndani ya ndege na kuwa Manuel Noriega alihusika kulipenyeza humo.
Uchunguzi wa ajali hiyo ya ndege iliyopora maisha ya Jenerali Omar Torrijos ulibaini ni ajali tu ya kawaida ya ndege na siyo kama uvumi ulivyokuwa umetapakaa kuwa Noriega anahusika. Miaka miwili ya msuguano wa nani amrithi Omar Torrijos ilipita na hatimaye Manuel Noriega akaibuka kama kiongozi wa Panama. Hii ilichukua muda kutokana na viongozi waandamizi wa kijeshi na kisiasa kumuona Noriega si mwenzetu, ni 'wakuja' asiye na ushawishi wala makundi ya kumbeba kuweza kuongoza nchi kama Rais.
Baada ya utawala wake wa miaka 6 kama Kiongozi wa Panama, Jeneralia Manuel Noriega aliondolewa madarakani na jeshi la Marekani mwaka 1989 kisha kupekekwa nchini Marekani na kupatikana na hatia ya kuhusika na kushiriki katika kusaidia madawa ya kulevya kuingia Marekani. Alihukumiwa miaka 40 jela na baada ya miaka 20 aliachiwa na kufunguliwa mashtaka mengine nchini Ufaransa lakini akaachiwa na kurejea nchini Panama kufunguliwa mashitaka ya kuwapoteza wapinzani wake.
Mr. Noriega in 2011, after he was flown home to serve 20 years for the disappearances of political opponents in the 1980s.Credit...Esteban Felix/Associated Press
Mwenye macho ajionee
How America became a superpower
The United States is the world's most powerful country by far, with a globe-spanning network of alliances and military bases. It's practically unrecognizable from the way the country began — and, indeed, what many early Americans thought it would be. The above video tells the story of how America changed from an insular former colony to a globe-spanning superpower.
Expansionism was always in America's DNA, as a country founded by the expulsion and slaughter of American Indians. But after America reached the Pacific coast, there was a real debate as to whether it should go further — whether the US should continue its growth as an imperial power beyond North America's shores.
This debate came to the fore after the Civil War, which removed the principal barrier to expansion (the controversy over whether slavery would be expanded to newly acquired territories). Though the expansionists were initially stymied, they won out for a surprising reason: the Industrial Revolution.
As Fareed Zakaria documents in his excellent book From Wealth to Power, the rapid postwar growth of the US economy required an increasingly centralized state to manage it. The more power that was concentrated in the executive branch and bureaucracy, the easier it was for the president to acquire territories abroad.
This culminated in the Spanish-American war in 1898, which ended with America acquiring a whole lot of different territories around the globe. America was officially a global power, one that intervened in a number of countries, made major diplomatic moves in East Asia, and played a critical role in ending World War I.
The next crucial step, though, came after World War II. The United States was the only country to emerge from the war in strong economic and military shape, and thus was in a unique position to shape the terms of the peace. The result was a global financial system, called the Bretton Woods system, aimed at coordinating the global economy and preventing another Great Depression — and the United Nations, created to preserve the postwar peace.
Competition with the Soviet Union led the United States to establish its first permanent major non-wartime alliance, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). It also led the United States to grow its military and political presence around the world in an effort to contain the spread of communism, leading to interventions in places like Vietnam and Afghanistan and alliances with countries like Saudi Arabia and South Korea.
After the Soviet Union fell, the US could have chosen to withdraw from these alliances and international commitments. But it didn't, seeing them as critical institutions for preserving peace and prosperity even after the Soviet threat had receded.
Source: How America became a superpower, explained in 8 minutes
The United States is the world's most powerful country by far, with a globe-spanning network of alliances and military bases. It's practically unrecognizable from the way the country began — and, indeed, what many early Americans thought it would be. The above video tells the story of how America changed from an insular former colony to a globe-spanning superpower.
Expansionism was always in America's DNA, as a country founded by the expulsion and slaughter of American Indians. But after America reached the Pacific coast, there was a real debate as to whether it should go further — whether the US should continue its growth as an imperial power beyond North America's shores.
This debate came to the fore after the Civil War, which removed the principal barrier to expansion (the controversy over whether slavery would be expanded to newly acquired territories). Though the expansionists were initially stymied, they won out for a surprising reason: the Industrial Revolution.
As Fareed Zakaria documents in his excellent book From Wealth to Power, the rapid postwar growth of the US economy required an increasingly centralized state to manage it. The more power that was concentrated in the executive branch and bureaucracy, the easier it was for the president to acquire territories abroad.
This culminated in the Spanish-American war in 1898, which ended with America acquiring a whole lot of different territories around the globe. America was officially a global power, one that intervened in a number of countries, made major diplomatic moves in East Asia, and played a critical role in ending World War I.
The next crucial step, though, came after World War II. The United States was the only country to emerge from the war in strong economic and military shape, and thus was in a unique position to shape the terms of the peace. The result was a global financial system, called the Bretton Woods system, aimed at coordinating the global economy and preventing another Great Depression — and the United Nations, created to preserve the postwar peace.
Competition with the Soviet Union led the United States to establish its first permanent major non-wartime alliance, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). It also led the United States to grow its military and political presence around the world in an effort to contain the spread of communism, leading to interventions in places like Vietnam and Afghanistan and alliances with countries like Saudi Arabia and South Korea.
After the Soviet Union fell, the US could have chosen to withdraw from these alliances and international commitments. But it didn't, seeing them as critical institutions for preserving peace and prosperity even after the Soviet threat had receded.
Source: How America became a superpower, explained in 8 minutes
Morgan Fisherman
JF-Expert Member
- Dec 10, 2017
- 1,819
- 2,134
Mkuu,
CCM Mpya ni sikio la kufa watapuuza hoja yako yenye uzito na ushahidi wa kutosha kwa kuangalia mazingira ya yanayoendelea Tanzania kwa sasa.
Mwaka jana 2019 Marekani walianza kwa kuwawekea vikwazo wateuliwa walio karibu na Rais Nicolas Maduro wa Venezuela.
Hivyo inawezekana kabisa tunaelekea huko kuwa Marekani wanaendelea kukusanya ushahidi kama ilivyoaanza kwa Venezuela 2019 na kuona March 26, 2020 Marekani wamekuja na ushahidi mwingine dhidi ya Maduro.
WanaJF wa Mtaa wa Lumumba msipuuze somo muhimu la Historia maana huwa na tabia ya kujirudia sehemu nyingine ya dunia:
1 Mar 2019
U.S. details new sanctions, visa restrictions on Maduro allies amid Venezuela crisis
Special Representative for Venezuela Elliott Abrams held a briefing on the situation in Venezuela where he outlined the 'dozens' more visa restrictions on "Maduro-aligned officials" and their families, saying Maduro supporters who undermine human rights and the country's democracy "are not welcome" in the United States.
This comes after the treasury department announced adding six more sanctions on high-ranking Venezuelan security officials on its international sanctions list as it steps up pressure on the government of President Nicolas Maduro.
The six include officials with the National Guard and police blamed for their roles in blocking humanitarian aid convoys into Venezuela.
Erythrocyte
JF-Expert Member
- Nov 6, 2012
- 128,308
- 245,426
God bless America
kina kirefu
JF-Expert Member
- Dec 14, 2018
- 15,188
- 18,583
Drone Camera
JF-Expert Member
- Jul 25, 2017
- 14,041
- 13,907
Mengine ya kiherehere au