Msaada...Dawa ya visiki shambani?

Msaada...Dawa ya visiki shambani?

Elli said:
Mzee mwqenzangu mie nimeishia kucheka tu baada ya kujua aina ya shamba na visiki vilivyomo shamabni humo, Paloma huwa wewe visiki unavimalizaje? Duh hii kali bhana
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hahahaa mie najua ni kutumia nyenzo kama jembe sululu etc, au kama vipi mijikatapila, na mibulldozer kabisa!!! au excavetor!!
 
Sekibuju said:
Tafadhali waungwana... Naomba msaada kwa yeyote anayefahamu dawa ya visiki shambani...
Click to expand...

Hebu angalia article hii hapa ...

[h=2]Chemical control of broadleaf weeds[/h] Broadleaf weeds are usually controlled with selective postemergence herbicides. The most common broadleaf herbicides used in turf include 2,4-D, 2,4-DP (dichlorprop), MCPP (mecoprop), dicamba, clopyralid, and triclopyr. There are many different commercial formulations and mixtures of these compounds (see Table 3).
[TABLE="class: plain"]
Table 3. Some broadleaf herbicides and herbicide combinations for use in cool-season turf.* [TR]
[TH]Generic name[/TH]
[TH]Trade name[/TH]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="colspan: 2"]*Products containing clopyralid should not be used on residential lawns, but they can be used on institutional grounds, athletic fields, and golf courses.[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]2,4-D (amine)
[/TD]
[TD]Solution Water Soluble, Weedestroy AM-40[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]Carfentrazone-ethyl[/TD]
[TD]Quicksilver[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]Clopyralid (amine)[/TD]
[TD]Lontrel[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]Dicamba (amine)[/TD]
[TD]Banvel, K-O-G Weed Control[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]Fluroxypyr (amine)[/TD]
[TD]Spotlight[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]MCPA (amine)[/TD]
[TD]MCPA-4 Amine
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]MCPA (ester)[/TD]
[TD]MCPA LV 4 Ester
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]MCPP (potassium salt)[/TD]
[TD]MCPP 4K Turf Herbicide
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]MCPP (amine)[/TD]
[TD]MCPP-p 4 Amine
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]Triclopyr (ester)[/TD]
[TD]Turflon Ester
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]2,4-D + 2,4-DP (ester)[/TD]
[TD]Turf Weed & Brush Control
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]2,4-D + 2,4-DP + MCPP (amine)[/TD]
[TD]Triamine, Triamine Jet Spray[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]2,4-D + clopyralid + dicamba (amine)[/TD]
[TD]Millenium Ultra[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]2,4-D + MCPP + dicamba (amine)[/TD]
[TD]Trimec Turf Herbicide, Trimec Bentgrass Formula, Triplet Selective, Triplet Hi-D, Triplet SF, Three-Way Selective, Bentgrass Selective, Ortho Weed B Gon, Spectracide, Weed Stop, Bayer Advanced Weed Killer for Lawns[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]2,4-D + MCPP + dicamba + carfentrazone[/TD]
[TD]Speed Zone
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]2,4-D, MCPP, dicamba + sulfentrazone[/TD]
[TD]Surge[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]2,4-D + triclopyr (amine)[/TD]
[TD]Teflon II Amine, Chaser 2 Amine
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]2,4-D + triclopyr (butoxyethyl ester)[/TD]
[TD]Chaser Turf Herbicide
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]2,4-D + triclopyr + clopyralid (amine)[/TD]
[TD]Momentum[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]MCPA + 2,4-DP + MCPP (amine)[/TD]
[TD]Triamine II
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]MCPA + clopyralid + dicamba (amine)[/TD]
[TD]Trupower[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]MCPA + MCPP + dicamba (amine)[/TD]
[TD]Trupower Selective
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]MCPA + MCPP + dicamba + carfentrazone[/TD]
[TD]Power Zone
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]MCPA + triclopyr + clopyralid (amine)[/TD]
[TD]Battleship[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]MCPA + triclopyr + dicamba (amine)[/TD]
[TD]Horsepower[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]MCPA + triclopyr + dicamba (ester)[/TD]
[TD]Cool Power, Three-Way Ester II
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]Triclopyr + clopyralid (amine)[/TD]
[TD]Confront[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD]Isoxaben (preemergence herbicide)
[/TD]
[TD]Gallery 75 DF
[/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]
It is extremely important to identify the weed(s) to be controlled before selecting one of these herbicides. All have the potential to damage trees, shrubs, flowers, and vegetables if they contact the foliage. Trees and shrubs are particularly sensitive to dicamba since this herbicide is mobile in the soil and can be taken up by tree roots.
Liquid postemergence broadleaf herbicides are available as salts and esters. The most popular salt formulation is the amine salt. The amine salt is soluble in water and suitable for spray applications. Amine formulations are nonvolatile, but they can react with calcium and magnesium ions (present in hard water and fertilizer solutions) to form insoluble salts.
Esters are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents and oils; hence, they are formulated as emulsifiable concentrates. When added to water, ester formulations form emulsions and do not react with calcium and magnesium ions. Esters provide better penetration of the thick waxy coating on leaves of some weeds when compared with salts.
Esters can be classified as short- or long-chain molecules. Short-chain esters are highly volatile and can damage sensitive nontarget plants. Volatility increases as temperatures increase and therefore esters are usually used during cool weather. Volatility of long-chain ester formulations, such as butoxyethyls, is minor and generally presents no serious problems when used according to environmental restraints listed on the label. Only long-chain esters are used for turf weed control.
The most effective control of broadleaf weeds is obtained when postemergence herbicides are applied as sprays to foliage (and not washed off). Granular formulations of these products are sometimes used to control broadleaf weeds; however, granulars should be applied to moist (dew-covered) foliage for optimum control.
Postemergence broadleaf herbicides are most effective when weeds are actively growing (spring and fall) and when air temperatures are greater than 70° F. During these periods, absorption and translocation of the herbicides by weeds are greatest, and desirable turf species have a chance to grow into the voids left after the weeds are killed. Consult herbicide product labels for optimum environmental conditions and timing of application.
Some manufacturers have attempted to satisfy the demand for faster kill of broadleaf weeds by adding the fast-acting herbicide, carfentrazone, to formulations containing slower-acting, systemic herbicides. Carfentrazone belongs to a class of herbicides called protox inhibitors and acts on broadleaf weeds by disrupting chlorophyll synthesis, resulting in rapid yellowing and desiccation. This herbicide does not translocate throughout the plant; thus, it does not provide good broadleaf weed control by itself. However, when it is combined with the systemic broadleaf herbicides 2,4-D, MCPA, MCPP, and dicamba, the result is fast burndown and, eventually, complete kill.
Clopyralid is a broad-spectrum broadleaf herbicide present in numerous herbicide formulations and used widely in cool-season turf. In 2003, labels of products containing clopyralid were amended to eliminate use on residential turf in the United States. This was done in response to concerns about the potential for damage to sensitive plants from clopyralid-treated turf residues in compost. The label change was based on several reports of plant damage from compost containing trace amounts of clopyralid and not on human health concerns. Clopyralid-containing products can still be used in non-residential turf markets, such as institutional grounds, athletic fields, and golf courses.
A few annual broadleaf weeds are controlled with preemergence herbicides. Spotted spurge, for example, is controlled with prodiamine, a common annual grass herbicide. One preemergence broadleaf herbicide, isoxaben (Gallery&#8482😉, controls a wide spectrum of annual broadleaf weeds; however, this material has no activity on broadleaf weeds when generated from underground vegetative structures.
 
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