French lesson number 3 is about number.
We will learn
Les chiffres cardinaux (Numbers A) and then
Les chiffres ordinaux (Numbers B) but before that, a little vocabulary, and a little grammar:
Vocabulary:
In french the noun number is translated by:
"chiffre" (Tamka shifr)when it is a single digit, and
"Nombre" (tamka nombr)when it is more than one digit.
Ex: 1 is a chiffre and 10 is a nombre. (in french example is ex, and non e.g., and it makes sense to me...)
Please think of a chiffre, then think of a nombre, to help you make the difference. you can practice it in the
playground.
Grammar:
One cardinal number is said
Un Chiffre cardinal or
Un nombre cardinal when it is one number (e.g. 1 or 5, or 10, or 14)
Many cardinal numbers are said les Chiffres Cardinaux or les nombres cardinaux (ex: 1 and 5 and 10 and 14 together)
So the plural of cardinal is cardinaux, and the plural of ordinal is ordinaux.
(Tamka Shifr kardinal, Shifr cardino, Nombr kardinal, nombr kardino)
This form is a rule
(it has exceptions that we will see later).
Any french word ending in -al will turn in -aux when in plural:
Oral-Oraux (tamka oral-oro)
Occidental-occidentaux(oksidantal-oksidanto)
Floral-Floraux (floral-floro)
Other names in -al include: oriental, mental, hopital, moral, facial, anal. practice their plural in the french
playground.
Now, let us see how to count in french, from one to ninety nine.
A.
Les Chiffres Cardinaux
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5:
zero, un, deux, trois, quatre, cinq (Tamka zero, ukipandisha sauti kwenye o, en, de, trwa, katr, senk)
6, 7, 8, 9, 10 :
Six, Sept, Huit, Neuf, Dix (sis, set, wit, nef, dis)
11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16:
onze douze, treize, quatroze, quinze, seize (onz, duz, trez, katorz, kenz, seize)
17, 18, 19, :
Dix-sept, dix-huit, dix-neuf, (diset, dizwit, diznef) hapa ni machanganyiko wa neno dix na chiffre husika.
20, 21, 22, 23 etc:
Vingt, vingt et un, vingt-deux, vingt-trois (vent, vente-en, vende,vintrwa etc).
Hapa, 21 peke yake ndio inakua na et katikati zingine zinakua ni repetition ya nombre na chiffre husika e.g. 28:
vingt-huit.
Itakua hivo kwa nombre zote zenye kufata.
30:
trente (trent). wa hiyo tutakua na trente et un, trente-deux, trente-trois etc.
40:
Quarante (karant)
50:
Cinquante (sinkant)
60:
Soixante (swasant)
70:
Soixante-dix (swasan-dis) this is a tricky one! it is the contraction of 60+10. so 71 becomes soisante onze, 72=soixante douze etc. please make sure you get this right!!!
80:
Quatre-vingt (katreven) this is also tricky as it means 4X20: 81 is quatre vingt et un, 82 is quatre vingt-deux etc
90:
quatre-vingt dix, quatre vingt onze, quatre vingt douze (almost as you did for soixante onze, soixante douze)
For more number, please visit
this page.
When using google translate, hakikisha unatoka french kwenda english. Spanish numbers na French numbers zimefanana sana hasa from 11 to 16, zinaweza kukuchanganya kwenye pronounciation.
Using a number in a sentence:
J'ai sept ans (je-setan): I am seven (years old)
Il a un garÇon (ila en garson) : He has a boy
J'ai deux filles : I have two girls
Lizzy a deux amis (Lizzy a de-zami): Lizzy has two friends
Azimio Jipya a dix-huit ans, une femme et quatre chevaux
Azimio Jipya is 18, he has a wife and 4 horses (mind the plural of cheval)
Hapa tunakula break kwanza, watu wote
playground for a day or two.
