Stephen Hawking's Final Book Says There's 'No Possibility' of God in Our Universe

Kiranga said:

Stephen Hawking's Final Book Says There's 'No Possibility' of God in Our Universe
By Brandon Specktor, Senior Writer | October 17, 2018 04:23pm ET

Stephen Hawking's Final Book Says There's 'No Possibility' of God in Our Universe

In a new book that was published posthumously, Stephen Hawking, who died in March, wrote that it is impossible for God to exist in our universe.


From his desk at Cambridge University and beyond, Stephen Hawking sent his mind spiraling into the deepest depths of black holes, radiating across the endless cosmos and swirling back billions of years to witness time's first breath. He viewed creation as a scientist, and when he was called to discuss creation's biggest puzzles — Where do we come from? What is our purpose? Are we alone? — he answered as a scientist, often to the chagrin of religious critics.

In Stephen Hawking's final book "Brief Answers to Big Questions," published Tuesday (Oct. 16) by Bantam Books, the professor begins a series of 10 intergalactic essays by addressing life's oldest and most religiously fraught question of all: Is there a God? [Big Bang to Civilization: 10 Amazing Origin Events]

Hawking's answer — compiled from decades of prior interviews, essays and speeches with the help of his family, colleagues and the Steven Hawking Estate — should come as no surprise to readers who have followed his work, er, religiously.

Credit: Frederick M. Brown/Getty Images


"I think the universe was spontaneously created out of nothing, according to the laws of science," Hawking, who died in March, wrote. "If you accept, as I do, that the laws of nature are fixed, then it doesn't take long to ask: What role is there for God?"
In life, Hawking was a vocal champion of the Big Bang theory — the idea that the universe began by exploding suddenly out of an ultradense singularity smaller than an atom. From this speck emerged all the matter, energy and empty space that the universe would ever contain, and all that raw material evolved into the cosmos we perceive today by following a strict set of scientific laws. To Hawking and many like-minded scientists, the combined laws of gravity, relativity, quantum physics and a few other rules could explain everything that ever happened or ever will happen in our known universe.
"If you like, you can say the laws are the work of God, but that is more a definition of God than a proof of his existence," Hawking wrote.

With the universe running on a scientifically guided autopilot, the only role for an all-powerful deity might be setting the initial conditions of the universe so that those laws could take shape — a divine creator who caused the Big Bang to bang, then stepped back to behold His work.

"Did God create the quantum laws that allowed the Big Bang to occur?" Hawking wrote. "I have no desire to offend anyone of faith, but I think science has a more compelling explanation than a divine creator."
Hawking's explanation begins with quantum mechanics, which explains how subatomic particles behave. In quantum studies, it's common to see subatomic particles like protons and electrons seemingly appear out of nowhere, stick around for a while and then disappear again to a completely different location. Because the universe was once the size of a subatomic particle itself, it's plausible that it behaved similarly during the Big Bang, Hawking wrote.
"The universe itself, in all its mind-boggling vastness and complexity, could simply have popped into existence without violating the known laws of nature," he wrote.

That still doesn't explain away the possibility that God created that proton-size singularity, then flipped the quantum- mechanical switch that allowed it to pop. But Hawking says science has an explanation here, too. To illustrate, he points to the physics of black holes — collapsed stars that are so dense, nothing, including light, can escape their pull.
Black holes, like the universe before the Big Bang, condense into a singularity. In this ultra-packed point of mass, gravity is so strong that it distorts time as well as light and space. Simply put, in the depths of a black hole, time does not exist.

Because the universe also began as a singularity, time itself could not have existed before the Big Bang. Hawking's answer, then, to what happened before the Big Bang is, "there was no time before the Big Bang."

"We have finally found something that doesn’t have a cause, because there was no time for a cause to exist in," Hawking wrote. "For me this means that there is no possibility of a creator, because there is no time for a creator to have existed in."

This argument will do little to persuade theistic believers, but that was never Hawking's intent. As a scientist with a near-religious devotion to understanding the cosmos, Hawking sought to "know the mind of God" by learning everything he could about the self-sufficient universe around us. While his view of the universe might render a divine creator and the laws of nature incompatible, it still leaves ample space for faith, hope, wonder and, especially, gratitude.

"We have this one life to appreciate the grand design of the universe," Hawking concludes the first chapter of his final book, "and for that I am extremely grateful."
Originally published on Live Science.

cc James Comey

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The Monk said:

Precisely, it resonates with what Nyani Ngabu mentioned previously, the whole thing remains mystery!
in your view, should we disengage searching answers related to universal questions?

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The Monk said:

Precisely, it resonates with what Nyani Ngabu mentioned previously, the whole thing remains mystery!
in your view, should we disengage searching answers related to universal questions?

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Makanyaga said:

Mjadala unahitaji maandiko matakatifu kw kina. As long as umenihakikishia kuwa wewe ni muumni, go back to your credible sources, the Bible.unless labda kama unataka kuelewa kiwango changu cha uelewa wa neno la Mungu. Kiranga ana ulinzi wa Mungu pia. Hakuna mtu aliye hai ambaye hana ulinzi wa Mungu. Ukikosa ulinzi wa Mungu huwezi ukaendelea kuwa hai!

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Vivax said:

We can go on searching and making researches so long as we come with true answers.
Otherwise to me and me only, it is a wastage of my time.
Do you want to tell me if I suggest we start a research on"HOW NOT TO DIE ",you are going to support me? Do you think we can come out with a true answer?
Or, Why do we have an active hand(right) and a semi active hand(left hand)
Does that also hapen to animals?
Or make a research if plants also perceive pain cause they are living things.

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Astronomer The Great said:

Asante "UTULUBUL ILMU WALAU BI SWIIN"

Lakini kabla ya kujua njia ya kuenda mahala fulani unatakiwa ujue unaenda wapi

Mfano mm hata kama siijui njia ya mbgala ipo wapi lakini natakiwa nijue naenda mbagala

Je kabla sijaenda kuchukua hiyo elimu kwa huyo profesa je kwanini umenidirect kwa huyo profesa?

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Vivax said:

Mr kiranga what I can say about the existence of not of the so called called , depends on our intellectual level.
I don't believe that we have enough brains to explain the universe and our existence. For example we can't explain how it was decided that we should have two sex entities
And by which authority. The two sexes again decided to have a N-S type of a magnetic attraction between.
Mr Hawkins and other scientists can not prove such a perpetuality.
I believe our brains needs an external injection of intelligence if we are to find answers to universal questions.

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Zurri said:

Elimu ya mantiki ina udhaifu katika kuhoji na kufikia hitimisho,nikisema logic siikubali na haina uwezo wa kutufikisha kwenye ukweli wa kuhoji namaanisha haifai kuitumia.

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The Monk said:

Nimekuelewa mkuu, hatuna rasilimali nyingi (muda na wakati) vya kupoteza kwenye kila jambo, muda hautusubiri.
Lakini hata matokeo ya tafiti na vumbuzi nyingi tunazoziona leo huenda zilionekana ni kituko au jambo lisilowezekana hapo awali, nadhani hii inategemea zaidi na lengo au kusudi la wanaotaka kufanya utafiti.

Pia, hili jambo linaendelea kuwa tata kwa sababu hata kwenye sayansi, bado hakuna utafiti unaokubalika na wote unaoweza kuelezea universe. Vile vile tukirudi upande wa pili, uthibitisho wa Mungu na mabo ya uumbaji nje ya Biblia unaleta utata.

Ndio maana hili jambo inakua bora kuachwa kila mmoja aamue anayoona inafaa, alimradi hiyo imani yake haiathiri wengine.

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Emmanuel J. Buyamba said:

Acha kumezeshwa matango pori ndugu yangu.

Hivi mtu akipata janga ama kufa kifo kibaya ndiyo kunamaanisha Mungu yupo?

Kama hoja ni hiyo mbona hata hao walioitwa wafuasi wa Yesu/Mungu walikufa vifo vibaya kuzidi hata hao unaowasema kwamba walidhihaki!?

Soma hapa chini,

JINSI WANAFUNZI WA YESU WALIVYOKUFA

1. #Mathayo.
Huyu aliuawa kwa upanga huko Uhabeshi (Ethiopia ya leo) baada ya kuonyesha imani kali dhidi ya kanisa la Kristo. Alijeruhiwa kwa upanga na kidonda chake hakikupona hadi umauti ulipomfika.

2. #Marko
Huyu alifariki huko Alexandria Misri ya sasa baada ya kuangushwa na farasi barabarani, aliangushwa vibaya na hakupata msada. Mwishowe akafariki.

3. #Luka
Alinyongwa huko Ugiriki, hii ni kutokana na msimamo wake mkali aliouonesha dhidi ya Kristo.

4. #Yohana
Huyu alitumbukizwa katika pipa lenye mafuta yanayochemka huko Roma, (Italia ya sasa). Hata hivyo kwa miujiza hakuungua na alitolewa akiwa mzima kabisa.

Alipelekwa katika gereza lililokuwa katika migodi huko kisiwa cha Patmos. Na huko ndiko alipofunuliwa na mwenyezi Mungu na kuandika kitabu cha "Ufunuo wa Yohana". Baadae aliachiwa huru na kwenda kutumika kama Askofu huko Edessa (Uturuki ya sasa). Alifariki akiwa mzee sana. Na ni mtume pekee aliuefariki bila mateso.

5. #Petro
Huyu alipata adhabu ya kifo cha msalaba. Ila yeye alisulubiwa tofauti na Yesu kristo. Kusulubiwa kwa Petro ilikuwa kichwa chini miguu juu katika msalaba wenye nembo ya "X". Petro mwenyewe aliomba asulubiwa kwa namna hii kwani hakutaka kusulubiwa kama Yesu (Yohana 21:18).

6.#Yakobo
Alikuwa Kiongozi wa kanisa huko Jerusalemu Israel ya sasa. Yeye alitupwa kutoka juu kabisa ya mnara wa hekalu wenye urefu wa meta 100 baada ya kugoma kumpinga Kristo. Mnara huo ni ule ambao Shetani aliutumia kumjaribu Yesu kwa kumwambia kama yeye ni mwana wa Mungu ajirushe. Walipogundua kuwa hajafa baada ya kumdondosha tokea juu ya mnara, walimpiga na mawe mpaka akafa.

7. #Yakobo (mwana wa Zebedayo)
Alikuwa ni mvuvi kabla Yesu hajamteua kuwa mwanafunzi wake. Akiwa kiongozi mkubwa wa kanisa Yakobo alichinjwa huko Jerusalemu kwa kukatwa kichwa kwa amri ya Herode (Matendo 12:2).

8. #Batholomayo
Pia alijulikana kama Nathanieli. Alikuwa ni mmisionari huko Armeni (Asia ya sasa). Alimshuhudia Yesu Kristo huko Uturuki. Yeye aliuawa kwa kupigwa fimbo baada ya kugoma kuacha mafundisho yake dhidi ya Kristo.

9. #Andrea
Aliuawa kama Petro huko Ugiriki kwa kusulubiwa kwenye msalaba wenye umbo la "X" miguu juu kichwa chini sawa na Petro Petro. Ila baada ya kuwambwa msalabani aliendelea kupaza sauti akihubiri neno la Mungu mpaka mauti ilipomchukua. Akiwa msalabani aliwaambia wafuasi wake "nilikua naisubiri saa kama hii"

10. #Tomaso
Aliuwa kwa kupigwa na mshale huko Chennai (India ya sasa) katika moja ya safari zake kama Mmisionari kwenda kuanzisha Kanisa huko.

11. #Yuda (Thadei)
Aliuawa kwa kupigwa na mshale ubavuni.

12. #Yuda (Iskariote)
Huyu alijiua kwa kujinyonga baada ya kumuuza Yesu kwa vipande 30 vya fedha.

NOTE:
13. #Thadayo (au Mathia) ni Mwanafunzi aliyeteuliwa na Yesu kuziba nafasi ya Yuda Iskariote (msaliti). Huyu alipigwa na mawe hadi kufa na baada ya hapo walimkata kichwa.

14. #Paulo
Hakuwa mmoja wa wale wanafunzi 12 wa Yesu. Lakini huhesabika kuwa mfuasi wa Kristo na mtetezi wa mwanzo wa Kanisa. Huyu aliteswa na baadaye akachinjwa na Emperor Nero huko Roma mwaka (A.D).

Kabla ya kuchinjwa Paulo aliishi muda mrefu sana gerezani ambapo akiwa huko aliandika barua (nyaraka) nyingi kwa makanisa mbalimbali. Ndio hizi ambazo zinafundisha misingi ya ukristo katika agano jipya, kama vile Waraka wa Paulo mtume kwa Warumi, Wakoritho, Waefeso, Wakolosai, Wathesalonike, Timotheo etc.

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Vivax said:

Mr kiranga what I can say about the existence of not of the so called called , depends on our intellectual level.
I don't believe that we have enough brains to explain the universe and our existence. For example we can't explain how it was decided that we should have two sex entities
And by which authority. The two sexes again decided to have a N-S type of a magnetic attraction between.
Mr Hawkins and other scientists can not prove such a perpetuality.
I believe our brains needs an external injection of intelligence if we are to find answers to universal questions.

Click to expand...

Behaviourist said:

Mkuu Kwenye hii comment yako hapo mwisho umesahau kusema "nipo...."![emoji30][emoji30][emoji30]

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The Monk said:

Mimi kama mmoja wa wanaoamini uwepo wa Mungu naomba niongezee kidogo mambo ya kutafakari ili tujue ni kitu gani kipo mbele yetu na huenda ikaboresha mjadala tukaongeza ufahamu.

Kiranga hana shida na mtu kuamini kwamba Mungu yupo, hilo anakubaliana nalo na hana tatizo kabisa. Shida yake ipo kwenye DHANA nzima ya UWEPO wa Mungu, namaanisha dhana inasema huyu Mungu ni mjuzi wa yote, ana upendo wote, ana uwezo wote. Lakini maandiko hayo hayo yanayompa hizo sifa zote, ndani yake kuna mkanganyinko unaotokana na maelezo kwa matukio mengi kupingana na sifa za huyo Mungu.

- Mungu anaejua yote kamtengeneza Adam kisha baadae anakumbuka, oh, kumbe alitakiwa awe na msaidizi, akamtengeneza HAwa.

- Mungu mwenye uwezo wote, ujuzi wote anaamua kuwaondoa waisrael Misri, njiani anaghafilika anataka kuwaangamiza ambakishe Musa peke yake, ni kama anaona haukua uamuzi wa busara au alikosea kuamua kuwapeleka nchi ya Israel.

- Anamuumba binadamu na kumpa maagizo ya namna ya kuishi, anakosea, anamleya Yesu ambae ni Mungu na Hapo hapo ni binadamu, anakuja kufa ili awakomboe wanadamu. Hawa wanadamu wanatakiwa waishinde dhambi na kuishi kama Yesu alivyokuwa duniani wakati wao hawana uungu na ubinadamu kwa wakati mmoja.

- Anaamua kiwango au kiasi cha ufahamu wa kumjua yeye usiwe sawa, utofautiane kwa kila mmoja.

Hayo ni kwa uchache tu, na ndio maana sasa ukijaribu kutafakari ni kama kuna vitu havioani au inabidi uhitaji kiasi flani au kiwango cha tofauti kuweza kuelewa haya mambo, sasa ilitegemewa mambo yaliyopangiliwa na kutengenezwa na Mungu, yawe katika usahihi ikiwa ni mfano wa ufasaha wa mambo.

Na hapo ndipo Kiranga anasema dhana au hoja nzima ya uwepo wa Mungu, imejengwa kwenye msingi dhaifu.

NB. Naamini katika uwepo wa Mungu.

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James Comey said:

Maelezo yako yanaeleweka na argument ya kiranga pia inaeleweka. Suala ni kumtenganisha Mungu na imani. Mimi huwa nasimama ktk imani, ndiyo maana huwa nasema wazi "kwa imani yangu." Mungu ninayemwamini huwezi kumtenganisha na imani kwasababau yeye ndiye mwanzilishi wa imani ambayo kwa muktadha huu niseme ni ngumu kuelewa kama huna imani. Kiranga hana shida na imani, tatizo liko kwa watu ambao wanataka kumdhibitisha Mungu pasipo kutumia imani inayomtambulisha huyo Mungu, hapo ndo naona kuna ukwamo ninaouona.

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The Monk said:

Sio tu ukwamo, nje ya IMANI hauwezi kumthibitisha Mungu.

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Kiranga said:

Stephen Hawking's Final Book Says There's 'No Possibility' of God in Our Universe
By Brandon Specktor, Senior Writer | October 17, 2018 04:23pm ET

Stephen Hawking's Final Book Says There's 'No Possibility' of God in Our Universe

In a new book that was published posthumously, Stephen Hawking, who died in March, wrote that it is impossible for God to exist in our universe.


From his desk at Cambridge University and beyond, Stephen Hawking sent his mind spiraling into the deepest depths of black holes, radiating across the endless cosmos and swirling back billions of years to witness time's first breath. He viewed creation as a scientist, and when he was called to discuss creation's biggest puzzles — Where do we come from? What is our purpose? Are we alone? — he answered as a scientist, often to the chagrin of religious critics.

In Stephen Hawking's final book "Brief Answers to Big Questions," published Tuesday (Oct. 16) by Bantam Books, the professor begins a series of 10 intergalactic essays by addressing life's oldest and most religiously fraught question of all: Is there a God? [Big Bang to Civilization: 10 Amazing Origin Events]

Hawking's answer — compiled from decades of prior interviews, essays and speeches with the help of his family, colleagues and the Steven Hawking Estate — should come as no surprise to readers who have followed his work, er, religiously.

Credit: Frederick M. Brown/Getty Images


"I think the universe was spontaneously created out of nothing, according to the laws of science," Hawking, who died in March, wrote. "If you accept, as I do, that the laws of nature are fixed, then it doesn't take long to ask: What role is there for God?"
In life, Hawking was a vocal champion of the Big Bang theory — the idea that the universe began by exploding suddenly out of an ultradense singularity smaller than an atom. From this speck emerged all the matter, energy and empty space that the universe would ever contain, and all that raw material evolved into the cosmos we perceive today by following a strict set of scientific laws. To Hawking and many like-minded scientists, the combined laws of gravity, relativity, quantum physics and a few other rules could explain everything that ever happened or ever will happen in our known universe.
"If you like, you can say the laws are the work of God, but that is more a definition of God than a proof of his existence," Hawking wrote.

With the universe running on a scientifically guided autopilot, the only role for an all-powerful deity might be setting the initial conditions of the universe so that those laws could take shape — a divine creator who caused the Big Bang to bang, then stepped back to behold His work.

"Did God create the quantum laws that allowed the Big Bang to occur?" Hawking wrote. "I have no desire to offend anyone of faith, but I think science has a more compelling explanation than a divine creator."
Hawking's explanation begins with quantum mechanics, which explains how subatomic particles behave. In quantum studies, it's common to see subatomic particles like protons and electrons seemingly appear out of nowhere, stick around for a while and then disappear again to a completely different location. Because the universe was once the size of a subatomic particle itself, it's plausible that it behaved similarly during the Big Bang, Hawking wrote.
"The universe itself, in all its mind-boggling vastness and complexity, could simply have popped into existence without violating the known laws of nature," he wrote.

That still doesn't explain away the possibility that God created that proton-size singularity, then flipped the quantum- mechanical switch that allowed it to pop. But Hawking says science has an explanation here, too. To illustrate, he points to the physics of black holes — collapsed stars that are so dense, nothing, including light, can escape their pull.
Black holes, like the universe before the Big Bang, condense into a singularity. In this ultra-packed point of mass, gravity is so strong that it distorts time as well as light and space. Simply put, in the depths of a black hole, time does not exist.

Because the universe also began as a singularity, time itself could not have existed before the Big Bang. Hawking's answer, then, to what happened before the Big Bang is, "there was no time before the Big Bang."

"We have finally found something that doesn’t have a cause, because there was no time for a cause to exist in," Hawking wrote. "For me this means that there is no possibility of a creator, because there is no time for a creator to have existed in."

This argument will do little to persuade theistic believers, but that was never Hawking's intent. As a scientist with a near-religious devotion to understanding the cosmos, Hawking sought to "know the mind of God" by learning everything he could about the self-sufficient universe around us. While his view of the universe might render a divine creator and the laws of nature incompatible, it still leaves ample space for faith, hope, wonder and, especially, gratitude.

"We have this one life to appreciate the grand design of the universe," Hawking concludes the first chapter of his final book, "and for that I am extremely grateful."
Originally published on Live Science.

cc James Comey

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Kiranga said:

A priori fallacy.

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