Ushauri: Nyumba ya mwanamke huyu

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zavi

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Nina rafiki yangu walifunga ndoa na mumewe 2002, mumewe hakuwa na kazi na elimu ya mumewe ilikuwa kidato cha nne kwakweli alimpenda mumewe kwa dhati. Mwanamke kipata chake ni kizuri (mwaajiriwa) alimpeleka mumewe shule na mpk akafikia level ya advance diploma bahati mbaya hakupata ajira mpk leo.Kwahiyo mahitaji ya ndani na kila kitu ni mwanamke. Kila akimpatia mtaji afanye biashara hela hajui anapeleka wapi na biashara hazionekani.

Mwaka 2006 mwanamke akanunua gari na kiwanja akajenga nyumba na vyote akaandika kwa jina lake(mwanamke). Maisha yakaendelea kwa amani na wakahamia ktk hiyo nyumba pamoja.

Mwaka 2010 mambo yakaanza kuharibika baada ya mwanaume kuzaa nje ya ndoa na kuanza manyanyaso kwa mkewe sababu hazai, na bahati nzuiri mwaka 2012 mwanaume akawa anasimamia biashara ya kaka yake na anapata vihela lakini mkewe haoni hata shilingi yake.
Mwanamke alipoma manyanyaso yamezidi akamwambia mwanaume tuachane, mwanaume akakubali kwa sharti wagawane mali(nyumba& gari),mwanamke hataki.

Alichofanya mwanamke akategea ameenda kulala kwa mzazi mwenzie akaleta mteja akauza nyumba na ushahidi wa jirani na mjumbe/serekali za mitaa( kwa kweli uamuzi aliufanya wa hasira sababu ameona mwanaume hakuwa na mapenzi ya dhati kwake na kwanini jasho lake akafaidi mwanamke mwingine NO).

Mwanaume kurudi kakuta geti limefungwa na mlinzi kamwambia nyumba imeuzwa. Mwanamke kaenda kupanga na kamwambia mumewe njoo tuishi nilikopanga tuanze maisha, mwanaume kagoma na kaenda kufungua kesi mahakamani?
Je mwanamke huyu atashinda kesi? au afanye jasho lake lisipotee?
 
duh hapo mwanamke aombe msaada kwa kwa gender kule watampa sapoti
 
Kwa mujibu wa vifungu vya 58,59 na 60 vya sheria ya ndoa ya mwaka 1971 kama ilivyofanyiwa mapitio 2002 vinaelezea namna ya umiliki ambao ni rebuttable presumption. kuna mali ya pamoja (joint property) na mali ya mmoja.
rebuttable presumption ina maana kuwa mali inaweza kuwa ya peke yako lakin umiliki ukawa wa wote yaan mume na mke na mali inaweza kuwa ya wote lkn ukiletwa ushahid fulan inaonekana umilik wake ni wa mmoja.
kinachotakiwa ni ww kuithibitishia mahakama juu ya aina ya umiliki wa hiyo nyumba.
kama unaushahidi wa kutosha kuhusu umilik na hakimu akiwa fair, utashinda.
 

Hawezi kushinda, ile ni nyumba ya ndoa! This is a very simple case kama facts ni kama hizo ulizozitoa!
 

Vithibitisho ni kama vipi mfano vya kumyesha mali ni ya mmoja? hati ya myumba, na kadi ya gari vipo kwa jina lake mwanamke.je inaweza kumsaidia ashinde?
 
zavi said:
Vithibitisho ni kama vipi mfano vya kumyesha mali ni ya mmoja? hati ya myumba, na kadi ya gari vipo kwa jina lake mwanamke.je inaweza kumsaidia ashinde?
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Hati ya nyumba pamoja na kadi ya gari ni vielelezo utavyowasilisha mahakamani kuthibitisha umiliki wako. zaidi ya hapo ni ushahidi mwingine wa kimazingira utakaoonesha kuwa hiyo nyumba haikuwa ni ya familia bali ulikuwa unaishi naye tu humo lakini haukuitoa kuwa mali ya pamoja.
Ni mazingira gani concept ya rebuttable presumption of ownership ina apply?
mfano; wewe una nyumba ya urithi toka kwa wazazi wako, lakin kwa kumpenda mumewe unaitoa nyumba hiyo na kuwa ya familia na mnabadili hati inaonesha nyinyi wote ni wamiliki, mkiachana hata ulie vipi hiyo nyumba itakuwa yenu wote. au mmejenga nyumba wewe na mumewe, lakini mumewe kwa kuonesha mapenzi kwako anakupa wewe na hati anaandikisha jina lako, ushahidi huo wa kukupa wewe ukiletwa mahakamani baada ya kuachana mumewe hana cha kupata hiyo ndiyo rebuttable presumption of ownership iliyoelezwa ktk kifungu cha 60 cha law of marriage.
Itambulike kuwa mwanamke pia ana haki ya kumiliki mali binafsi hata kama yupo kwenye ndoa ndio maana kukawa na na kifungu cha 58 (separation propety of husband and wife) ambapo kinaeleza kuwa ndoa haitatumika kubadili umiliki wa mtu (mume au mke) kwenye mali ambayo ana haki nayo na wala haitatumika kumzuia mmoja wao kuuza mali yake ambayo ana haki nayo kisheria.
Kitu cha msingi ni kutunza vielelezo hivyo, pia kuithibitishia mahakama kuwa hakuna mlipoandikishana kuwa nyumba uliyoijenga iwe ya familia, kama utaweza kuithibitishia mahakama hivyo, i hope she will succeed
 
 
Dunia tabu, nashukuru kwa ushauri wako tunaufanyia kazi.
 
Kabla Ya Kukushauri..... Ningependa Kujua Wamefunga Ndoa Ya Kikristo, Kimila Au Kiislamu?
Hapa Nitamshauri Cha Kufanya Ili Awe Safe Mbele Ya Sheria.
 
Benaire said:
Kabla Ya Kukushauri..... Ningependa Kujua Wamefunga Ndoa Ya Kikristo, Kimila Au Kiislamu?
Hapa Nitamshauri Cha Kufanya Ili Awe Safe Mbele Ya Sheria.
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Ndoa ya kikristo, samahani kwa kuchelewa kujibu.
 
hatoshinda hiyo kesi huyo Dada maana amekosea sheria inatambua hiyo nyumba ni ya wanandoa hivyo hakutakiwa kuuza bila ridhaa ya wanandoa hivyo basi aliyenunua pia amekosea kwani hakutafuta taarifa kamili juu ya nyumba hiyo kama sheria inavyoelekeza .swala la mume kutokuwa na kazi si hoja ya msingi kwani majibu yalishatolewa kwenye kesi ya B Hawa Mohamed dhidi ya SEIF.Jaji alisema wanandooooa wanahaki sawa bila ya kubaguliwa hii kwa mujibu wa ibara ya 13 ya katiba pia ibara ya ya 24 ya katiba kila mtu anayo haki ya kumiliki mali pia kwenye sheria ya ndoa kifungu cha 59 nenda kapitie.You are here: Home / Blog / Judges discussion on matrimonial property rights between spouses[h=1]Judges discussion on matrimonial property rights between spouses[/h]FEBRUARY 8, 2012 BY WOMEN'S INHERITANCE NOW 1 COMMENT
[h=1]WOMEN AND LAW IN SOUTHERN AFRICA RESEARCH AND EDUCATIONAL TRUST-MALAWI (WLSA MALAWI) AND WOMEN INHERITANCE NOW – AFRICA[/h][h=1]Recognizing Non-Monetary Contribution by Married Women to Controlling and Owning Of Matrimonial Property[/h]
Judges Discussion on the subject
























Below are the questions on matrimonial property rights between spouses that exercised the minds of some Judges from Malawi and Tanzania. View their opinions issues of ownership and distribution of matrimonial property.

The Status of the Law
A. WHAT IS YOUR CURRENT INTERPRETATION OF OWNERSHIP OF MATRIMONIAL PROPERTY IN YOUR JURISDICTION?
[h=2][/h][h=2]· Justice Chipeta A.C. (High Court of Malawi) says that:[/h]Each spouse owns any property she or she acquired before marriage, unless on marriage he or she demonstrates a desire to convert it into join property. For property acquired during marriage it is not automatic that all such property is jointly owned, evidence is needed to show how joint ownership comes in. Property acquired by a spouse after divorce also exclusively belongs to the acquiring spouse.

[h=2]· Justice Chombo (High Court of Malawi) says that:[/h]There is joint/common ownership for all property acquired during the subsistence of the marriage regardless of in whose name it is registered.

[h=2]· Justice Wambura (Tanzania) says that:[/h](a) To the extent of the contributions made by each party in money, property or work towards the acquiring of the assets;
(b) to any debts owing by either party which were contracted for their joint benefit; and
(c) to the needs of the infant children, if any, of the marriage,
and subject to those considerations, shall incline towards equality of division.
Section 114 (3) of the Law of Marriage Act of 1971 (LMA) provides;-
"For the purposes of this section, references to assets acquired during the marriage include assets owned before the marriage by one party which have been substantially improved during the marriage by the other party or by their joint efforts."

[h=2]· Justice Msosa A.S.E. (High Court of Malawi) says that:[/h]It is property jointly owned and that that is acquired during the marriage

[h=2]· Justice Kachale C.J. (High Court of Malawi) says that:[/h]There is a progressive recognition of the principle that "equality is equity" at the point of dissolution of marriage. Generally the courts seem to recognize that non-financial contributions are relevant to determine interest of spouses/ especially useful in a society where women still invest more time in home making and raising children.

[h=2]· Justice Mzikamanda R.R. (High Court of Malawi) says that:[/h]All that property acquired by or through the efforts of a married couple for common use.

[h=2]· Justice Chinangwa R.R. (High Court of Malawi) says that:[/h]It is the property owned by the family, that is, husband and wife and to a certain extent children of that family.

B. IN YOUR EXPERIENCE HOW HAVE YOU INTERPRETED JOINT PROPERTY? IN THIS REGARD KINDLY DISCUSS HOW YOU MEASURE SHAREHOLDING. HOW DO YOU DETERMINE MEASUREMENT OF JOINT PROPERTY?

[h=2]· Justice Chipeta A.C. (High Court of Malawi) says that:[/h]I first look at the arrangement the spouses may have come to regarding the acquisition of the property, if that is manifest. Only if there is no such deliberate arrangement do I look at whether the evidence all the same suggests direct or indirect participation in the acquisition, be such participation be monitory or otherwise. I have difficulties where the spouses don't provide evidence but just expect a distribution based on benevolence or charity

[h=2]· Justice Chombo (High Court of Malawi) says that:[/h]Yes, -fair distribution – each case judged on its own merit.

[h=2]· Justice Wambura, S. (Tanzania) says that:[/h]According to me joint property is any property that has been acquired during the subsistence of the marriage of developed/improved during that period. Shareholding is on equal basis as was well defined in the case of BI HAWA MOHAMED v ALLY SEFU 1983 TLR 32. The court recognized the duty of housewives being equal contribution to acquiring of matrimonial properties by holding that:-
"Since the welfare of the family is an essential component of the economic activities of a family man or woman it is proper to consider contribution by a spouse to F the welfare of the family as contribution to the acquisition of matrimonial or family assets;
(ii) the "joint efforts" and ‘work towards the acquiring of the assets' have to be construed as embracing the domestic "efforts' or "work" of husband and wife;."

[h=2]· Justice Msosa A.S.E. (High Court of Malawi) says that:[/h]All property owned by the parties to a marriage. The old law was instructive.

[h=2]· Justice Kachale C.J. (High Court of Malawi) says that:[/h]Joint property in my mind refers to everything acquired during subsistence of marriage (subject to limited exceptions). So where one spouse spends his or her time and energy raising kids or running the home and thereby frees the other to go and run businesses, then one has to account for such contributions.
The relevant factors to determine joint property relate to conduct of parties in running their affairs: – was there joint (financial, physical, and intellectual) input into the acquisition of the assets. However, due to challenges of evidence one tends to rely on the principle ‘equality is equity' as a default determinant.

[h=2]· Justice Mzikamanda R.R. (High Court of Malawi) says that:[/h]Yes, there have been numerous cases on joint property. The starting point is to consider a 50 percent unless there is clear evidence that the sharing should be otherwise on the basis of levels of contribution towards acquisition.

[h=2]· Justice Chinangwa R.R. (High Court of Malawi) says that:[/h]This is property jointly acquired by the family in the course of the marriage. This is irrespective of the fact that only one spouse has a paid up employment or running a business..

C. HOW DOES THE CONSTITUTION IN YOUR COUNTRY PROTECT WOMEN'S PROPERTY RIGHTS IN MARRIAGE?

[h=2]· Justice Chipeta A.C. (High Court of Malawi) says that:[/h]They have equal rights with men to sue at civil law. Marriage does not bar them from qcquiring or maintaining rights in property, whether they do that on their own or in association with their husbands, brothers or different people. They are also guaranteed a fair disposition at the end of their marriage of property they can show that they jointly owned with their husbands.

[h=2]· Justice Chombo (High Court of Malawi) says that:[/h]Equal rights

[h=2]· Justice Wambura (Tanzania) says that:[/h]Under Article 20-28 of the Constitution women's rights to own properties are categorically provided for. Women's property rights in marriage are categorically provided for in th Law of Marriage Act too. However both the Constitution and the LMA recognizes customary laws which hinder the safeguarding provisions of these women. Section 114(1) and (2) (a) of the LMA provides
"(1) The court shall have power, when granting or subsequent to the grant of a decree of separation or divorce, to order the division between the parties of any assets acquired by them during the marriage by their joint efforts or to order the sale of any such asset and the division between the parties of the proceeds of sale.
(2) In exercising the power conferred by subsection (1), the court shall have regard–
(a) to the customs of the community to which the parties belong;"


[h=2]· Justice Msosa A.S.E. (High Court of Malawi) says that:[/h]The new law is yet to be tested. But in the past the party would mainly be given his property after taking into consideration the contribution of the other party.

[h=2]· Justice Kachale C.J. (High Court of Malawi) says that:[/h]Section 24 of the Malawi Constitution provides clear and elaborate protection and the courts have upheld it in several instances

[h=2]· Justice Mzikamanda R.R. (High Court of Malawi) says that:[/h]A woman just like the man has the right to acquire individual property

[h=2]· Justice Chinangwa R.R. (High Court of Malawi) says that:[/h]Women have the right to property they acquire on their own and also acquired during marriage
D. SECTION 24 OF CONSTITUTION OF MALAWI PROVIDES FOR FAIR DISTRIBUTION OF PROPERTY TO WOMEN UPON BREAKDOWN OF MARRIAGE. IF YOU HAVE HAD THE OPPORTUNITY TO INTERPRET FAIR DISTRIBUTION HOW YOU HAVE DONE THIS. OR EVEN ABSTRACTEDLY; WHAT DOES FAIR DISTRIBUTION MEAN?

[h=2]· Justice Chipeta A.C. (High Court of Malawi) says that:[/h]Fair distribution means first ascertaining the question of joint ownership and then determining the proportions the spouses co-own in that joint property. At times in carrying out this exercise I have been convinced with or without financial contribution that equal sharing is deserved, but there have been occasions when I have apportioned differently or even given nothing to one spouse. It depends on the circumstances of any given case.

[h=2]· Justice Chombo (High Court of Malawi) says that:[/h]It means considering what proportion to give to the woman whether or not she has made financial contribution to its acquisition – taking into consideration the non-financial contributions in the home, i.e. taking care of the welfare of the children and husband among others.

[h=2]· Justice Wambura (Tanzania) says that:[/h]
Well to me fair distribution does not mean or have to be equal. It depends on one's judgment on what is fair and cannot be equated to anything. In that out of ten for example three or four could be fair. In my view it is just more than a token yet not equally distributed and one needs to give no reason. It like at least one has been given something. In fact before Bi Hawa's case we used to have what can be called as fair distribution too upon breakdown of a marriage. The courts distribution which gave more properties to men as they are the bread winners was regarded fair.

[h=2]· Justice Msosa A.S.E. (High Court of Malawi) says that:[/h]I haven't had an opportunity of dealing with such a case. But the provision implies taking all the relevant circumstances into consideration.

[h=2]· Justice Kachale C.J. (High Court of Malawi) says that:[/h]Fair distribution must aim, among others, to mitigate any hardship arising from the dissolution of marriage, and to help maintain her previous status as much as possible. Fairness must also entail a fair or reasonable account of each spouse's contribution to their common life.

[h=2]· Justice Mzikamanda R.R. (High Court of Malawi) says that:[/h]Fair distribution entails thorough consideration of all the circumstances surrounding the acquisition and utilization of the matrimonial property and what would be more beneficial to the woman after breakdown so as to minimize hardship.

[h=2]· Justice Chinangwa R.R. (High Court of Malawi) says that:[/h]Yes, in Kapanga v Kapanga the wife was granted property brought into the marriage from a previous marriage. Each partner had an equal share in the residential property. Therefore an order was made for a property valuer to assess monetary value. Any party was at liberty to buy the share of the other partner. At that time ex-wife was living in England. Ex-husband bought her share.

FILED UNDER: BLOG, COURT DECISIONS, LEGISLATION, MALAWI, RESOURCES TAGGED WITH:JUSTICE CHINANGWA R.R. (HIGH COURT OF MALAWI), JUSTICE CHIPETA A.C. (HIGH COURT OF MALAWI),JUSTICE CHOMBO (HIGH COURT OF MALAWI), JUSTICE KACHALE C.J. (HIGH COURT OF MALAWI), JUSTICE MSOSA A.S.E. (HIGH COURT OF MALAWI), JUSTICE MZIKAMANDA R.R. (HIGH COURT OF MALAWI), JUSTICE WAMBURA (TANZANIA)



 
Kama ni ndoa ya kikristo hyo mali ni mwendo wa kugawana pasu kwa pasu

unajua vitu vingine tugeuke upande wa pili

mwanamke wanapotengana na mume jwa mali zinapotafutwa na mume pekee mbna wanagawana?? why za mwanamke wasigawane?

Yote tisa.. Huyo mwanaume anapenda vya dezo... Tabia za kuke hizo.. Why ugombanie jasho la mwanamke??
 
kama hujaficha chochote, hizo ni mali za mwanamke, lakini sheria inamtaka mwanandoa kabla hajauza mali zake ashauriane na mwenza wake, japo hatalazimika kupokea ushauri.
 
By natural law/justice nyumba ni ya mwanamke.

Haki na sheria ni vitu viwili pingana. Hasa tukiangalia katika hili suala tunaona kuwa kisheria mahakama in mamlaka ya kugawanya mali baada ya mtengano regardless ya umiliki na vielelezo na hata kuamuru kuuza mali na kisha kugawanywa kwa wahusika pamoja na watoto wa ndoani. Hapo utaona sheria moja kwa moja haitoi au kusimamia haki bali sheria huwa inaididimiza haki isipokuwa tu Natural law, hii ni haki bin haki.

All in all huyu mwanaume ni mzembe sana, angekuwa Mombasa sijui ingekuwaje.

Huyu mwanamke amsamehe tu sasa kwa kuwa huu ndio mzigo wake aliouapia (remember vows) "for better for worse" and now it is that turn it is worse.

Mama keep up your promises otherwise Mungu hatachoka kusubiri kutoka kwako mpaka umetimiza ahadi.
 
Nadhani cha msingi hapa ni mwanamke aoneshe vyanzo vyake vya mapato pamoja na hati, mwanamume atabanwa aoneshe alijengaje hiyo nyumba kwa kipato gani, salary slip na kama alichukua mikopo ndio pa kuunganisha hapo
 
Asanteni kwa ushauri, ndio bado anapambana dada wa watu.
 
Mara nying tunaona mwanaume akijenga nyumba hua inatamkwa ya familia as long as alijenga ndani ya ndoa kwa hii concept naona kama tuingeiguza hii case kutoka kwa mwanamke kwenda kwa mwanaume ili kupata idea ya nn kinachotakiwa kwa haraka zaidi
 
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