Nawaonea wivu walionunua hisa za DSE

The New York Stock Exchange

The most prestigious exchange in the world is the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). The "Big Board" was founded over 200 years ago in 1792 with the signing of the Buttonwood Agreement by 24 New York City stockbrokers and merchants. Currently the NYSE, with stocks like General Electric, McDonald's, Citigroup, Coca-Cola, Gillette and Wal-mart, is the market of choice for the largest companies in America.
The NYSE is the first type of exchange (as we referred to above), where much of the trading is done face-to-face on a trading floor. This is also referred to as a listed exchange. Orders come in through brokerage firms that are members of the exchange and flow down to floor brokers who go to a specific spot on the floor where the stock trades. At this location, known as the trading post, there is a specific person known as the specialist whose job is to match buyers and sellers. Prices are determined using an auction method: the current price is the highest amount any buyer is willing to pay and the lowest price at which someone is willing to sell. Once a trade has been made, the details are sent back to the brokerage firm, who then notifies the investor who placed the order. Although there is human contact in this process, don't think that the NYSE is still in the stone age: computers play a huge role in the process.

The Nasdaq

The second type of exchange is the virtual sort called an over-the-counter (OTC) market, of which the Nasdaq is the most popular. These markets have no central location or floor brokers whatsoever. Trading is done through a computer and telecommunications network of dealers. It used to be that the largest companies were listed only on the NYSE while all other second tier stocks traded on the other exchanges. The tech boom of the late '90s changed all this; now the Nasdaq is home to several big technology companies such as Microsoft, Cisco, Intel, Dell and Oracle. This has resulted in the Nasdaq becoming a serious competitor to the NYSE.
 
On the Nasdaq brokerages act as market makers for various stocks. A market maker provides continuous bid and ask prices within a prescribed percentage spread for shares for which they are designated to make a market. They may match up buyers and sellers directly but usually they will maintain an inventory of shares to meet demands of investors.

Other Exchanges
The third largest exchange in the U.S. is the American Stock Exchange (AMEX). The AMEX used to be an alternative to the NYSE, but that role has since been filled by the Nasdaq. In fact, the National Association of Securities Dealers (NASD), which is the parent of Nasdaq, bought the AMEX in 1998. Almost all trading now on the AMEX is in small-cap stocks and derivatives.

There are many stock exchanges located in just about every country around the world. American markets are undoubtedly the largest, but they still represent only a fraction of total investment around the globe. The two other main financial hubs are London, home of the London Stock Exchange, and Hong Kong, home of the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. The last place worth mentioning is the over-the-counter bulletin board (OTCBB). The Nasdaq is an over-the-counter market, but the term commonly refers to small public companies that don’t meet the listing requirements of any of the regulated markets, including the Nasdaq. The OTCBB is home to penny stocks because there is little to no regulation. This makes investing in an OTCBB stock very risky.
 
What Causes Stock Prices To Change?

Stock prices change every day as a result of market forces. By this we mean that share prices change because of supply and demand. If more people want to buy a stock (demand) than sell it (supply), then the price moves up. Conversely, if more people wanted to sell a stock than buy it, there would be greater supply than demand, and the price would fall.

Understanding supply and demand is easy. What is difficult to comprehend is what makes people like a particular stock and dislike another stock. This comes down to figuring out what news is positive for a company and what news is negative. There are many answers to this problem and just about any investor you ask has their own ideas and strategies.

That being said, the principal theory is that the price movement of a stock indicates what investors feel a company is worth. Don't equate a company's value with the stock price. The value of a company is its market capitalization, which is the stock price multiplied by the number of shares outstanding. For example, a company that trades at $100 per share and has 1 million shares outstanding has a lesser value than a company that trades at $50 that has 5 million shares outstanding ($100 x 1 million = $100 million while $50 x 5 million = $250 million). To further complicate things, the price of a stock doesn't only reflect a company's current value, it also reflects the growth that investors expect in the future.

The most important factor that affects the value of a company is its earnings. Earnings are the profit a company makes, and in the long run no company can survive without them. It makes sense when you think about it. If a company never makes money, it isn't going to stay in business. Public companies are required to report their earnings four times a year (once each quarter). Wall Street watches with rabid attention at these times, which are referred to as earnings seasons. The reason behind this is that analysts base their future value of a company on their earnings projection. If a company's results surprise (are better than expected), the price jumps up. If a company's results disappoint (are worse than expected), then the price will fall.

Of course, it's not just earnings that can change the sentiment towards a stock (which, in turn, changes its price). It would be a rather simple world if this were the case! During the dotcom bubble, for example, dozens of internet companies rose to have market capitalizations in the billions of dollars without ever making even the smallest profit. As we all know, these valuations did not hold, and most internet companies saw their values shrink to a fraction of their highs. Still, the fact that prices did move that much demonstrates that there are factors other than current earnings that influence stocks. Investors have developed literally hundreds of these variables, ratios and indicators. Some you may have already heard of, such as the price/earnings ratio, while others are extremely complicated and obscure with names like Chaikin oscillator or moving average convergence divergence.
 
So, why do stock prices change? The best answer is that nobody really knows for sure. Some believe that it isn't possible to predict how stock prices will change, while others think that by drawing charts and looking at past price movements, you can determine when to buy and sell. The only thing we do know is that stocks are volatile and can change in price extremely rapidly.

The important things to grasp about this subject are the following:
1. At the most fundamental level, supply and demand in the market determines stock price.
2. Price times the number of shares outstanding (market capitalization) is the value of a company. Comparing just the share price of two companies is meaningless.
3. Theoretically, earnings are what affect investors' valuation of a company, but there are other indicators that investors use to predict stock price. Remember, it is investors' sentiments, attitudes and expectations that ultimately affect stock prices.
4. There are many theories that try to explain the way stock prices move the way they do. Unfortunately, there is no one theory that can explain everything.
 
Ndugu Mc Tilly Chizenga

Naelewa una nia nzuri kuelimisha nduguzo hapa ila unavyoshare hzo notes kama zilivyo humu kwenye thread (copy & paste) unafeli sana man.

Either u write the source of the info u posting iwe journal, book, report au link ya reputable source otherwise hii thread iiache iwe uwanja wa discussion na kubadilishana mawazo please au pia changia mtizamo wako wa topic husika with solid references.

Weka source of info tukachimbue wenyewe cz design utatuchosha big tym.
 
Waliokosa opportunity ya DSE, get your feets wet. The next opportunity is coming within 5 months

Ref sec 11 of the new Finance Act 2016. The section relates with ammendments of sec 26 of Electronic and communication act Cap 306

Network providers companies like tigo etc are required to offer its shares and subsequently list them in DSE within six months immediately from 01 julyy 2016

Na hii msiseme mkuambiwa
 
Umesema vema kabisa, maelezo anayotoa ndugu yetu ni kama theory flani hivi iliyopo kwenye vitabu akati naona huu uzi umejikita kwenye kuelimishana vitu ambavyo ni reality.
 

This is definitely gana be a rare find opportunity kwanza hzo IPO ni zitakuwa zinagombaniwa balaa.....so yale yale ya watu kugombania kitu kipya (ki mihemko zaidi kuliko facts/logic) kuna company flan hapo naingoja kwa hamu cz design nina imani watafanya vizuri sanaa siku za usoni.

Itabidi tuanze kutenga fungu flan kdgo on this opportunity cz wengine unakuta wame wekeza zaidi kwenye instrument za aina nyingine.
 

Mwanzoni bei itapaa kwasababu ya demand kubwa. Mi nitasubiri istabilize nile dividend.
 
Bavaria said:
Mwanzoni bei itapaa kwasababu ya demand kubwa. Mi nitasubiri istabilize nile dividend.
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Forecast on the future of the mobile industry.....im simply predicting expansions i.e. in other industries and markets & mergers and acquisitions.

Licha ya dividends kuna capital gains. U shud be there to stay ni hawa hawa kwa kiasi flan ndio wana dominate fursa za pesa nyingi. All these years now is the time. [emoji3][emoji3]

An average person kama anaweza atleast a dedicate Tsh 5 Million na imani kabisa hatojuta miaka buku.
 
Warren hatoi dividend ila yeye ana focus kwenye capital gain tu.
 

ok mkuu nimekupata,source nilishatupia pale juu
 
Bavaria said:
Warren hatoi dividend ila yeye ana focus kwenye capital gain tu.
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Hatoi dividend at tyms simply cz ana plough back/re invest the profits .....baadhi ya makampuni hufanya hivyo ili kupunguza leverage/debt hata Apple pia hawatoi, Apple share price zao zimekua ziki appreciate overtime due to the fact wana mipango yaku introduce new stuff.

Also as a way of securing themselves against competitors i.e. executing acquisitions when necessary so ni muhimu kuwa na reserve nyingi ya hela.
 
Kasinde said:
Pole, bora ubaki ujifunze ili wakati ujao usipitwe tena.

Hii shule tamu hadi raha
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Kuna fursa jana imetoka a NMB bond 13% per annuam kama unataka uhakika wa kurudi kwa fedha nayo siyo mbaya itatgemea utanunua at per or at discount ila nayo Treasury bill ya tarehe 13 kwa mieze sita yile yake ilikuwa 15.6% hii ni hela ambayo ukitaka uzae zaid ya asiliamia 7 kwa miezi sita sio mbaya na unaweza kufanya kuanzia 5m . Na leo ulikuwepo mnada wa T bond ambao tayari fixed coupon rate ni 13.5% So opportunity bado zipo na kwa result ya uliofanyika tarehe 22 July wa miaka 10 t. bond majibu inaonyesha kabisa lowere 60 out 100 highest 73/100 ambayo ni discount ya kutosha tu kama hatutakuwa na inflation ya kutisha ila sasa hapo ndio utaona utamu wa investment kama unaweza kupeleka mzigo in secondary makerti ukaweka hata 85/100 na ukawa nawe umekula hiyo 13% kwa mwaka ni returns nzuri kwa kuwa Average yield to Maturity ni 17.9% unakula kama benki inavyotoa mkopo bila risk ya kudefault wakati average coupon yield ni 16% angalia. Hizi opportunity zipo kila siku ni kujua wapi pa kuuliza na nini cha kufanya. Karibuni
 
Wana Jamii naombeni Msaada....nimepoteza Hati ya Umiliki wa Hisa za TBL leo mwaka wa 16 nifanye nin kukomboa Hisa zangu......?? Msaada naomba...
 
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