V.V.U na Upimaji wake (Coincidences)

tajirijasiri · Oct 11, 2015

Kaveli said:
Wakuu,
With due respect ta all of you.

Ever since the existence of HIV/AIDS in our lovely planet, there are some concerns that always crack my mind, and I really get puzzled! Ni kuhusu hizi HIV-Testing Kits as regards to HIV diagnosis in human bodies. Napenda sana kujifunza vitu mbali mbali, hususani issues zinazo-impact afya zetu wanadamu.

To whoever mwenye uelewa, naomba mnieleweshe (na kwa faida ya wengine pia) kwenye mambo yafuatayo ili kujifunza:

a) Je vifaa vyote vya kupimia HIV, vinatumia ''ANTIBODIES'' pekee ili kudetect HIV infections ktk mwili? Yaani is 'ANTIBODIES'' only the determinant/agent for confirmation of HIV presence in the body?

b) If YES to the (a) above, why hivyo vifaa haviwezi kudetect the HIV directly? i.e. why hivyo vipimo (HIV-Testing) haviwezi kutrace (to isolate) the Virus itself, rather than basing on the antibodies? OR ni kwa sababu kwamba all virus-related infections can be only detected by basing on antibodies only?

c) Uelewa wangu mdogo ni kwamba Human Beings tuna natural Immunity Systems kwenye miili yetu, and the primary role of such natural immunity ni kuproduce 'antibodies' to fight-off a disease infection(s) that enters the body. The strength of such Immunity varies from person to person, due to nutrition factors; life style; etc. Pia nafahamu kwamba wanadamu tuna a lot of viruses and bacteria kwenye miili yetu, though hatuugui. Mfano, niliwahi kusoma a medical Article kwamba almost kila mtu ana bacteria wa TB mwilini mwake, whenever your body Immunity becomes weak, ndo hapo unaanza kuugua TB. So all viruses or bacterias or whatever harm in the body... they do primarily depend on vulnerability of the body Immunity. Nadhania hivyo.

Now the question is: Immunity huwa inaproduce izo 'antibodies' to ALL disease infectios that enter the body?? i.e. does the Immunity System react and produce antibodies to ANY/ALL infections? OR kuna baadhi tu ya diseases/infections ambazo ndo Immunity ina-react na kutoa antibodies??

d) If the body Immunity reacts and/or produces the 'antibodies' to ANY/ALL disease infections, do the 'antibodies' differ from infection to infection? Yaani mfano: antibodies for Ebola infections are different from antibodies for HIV infections??

e) If NO to the (d) above, then it means that the allegedly produced 'antibodies' are of ONE TYPE (ONE STRUCTURE) WITH SAME FEATURES, WITH SAME PARTICLES, for ANY/ALL disease infections in the body. Now... WHY is HIV-diagnosis being based on 'antibodies' only, while other disease infections are also an avenue for the 'same antibodies' in the body???

(f) Pia kuna hizi medical terminologies: CD4 COUNT; na ''VIRAL LOAD''.
Navyoelewa mimi, viral load ni kile kiasi cha viruses mwilini, yani kiwango cha virusi kwenye damu. SWALI: Hicho kipimo cha viral load, je kinapima na kutoa matokeo ya kiwango cha virusi wote kwa ujumla (bila kujali aina ya kirusi) waliopo kwenye damu? ama kinapima na kutoa matokeo in isolation kwa kila aina ya kirusi kwenye damu??

Karibuni waungwana. Let's double-click our folders of thinking and share knowledge.

I humbly submit, and thanks in advance for reading.
N.B: I stand to be corrected!

Sio kwamba Vifaa vya Upimaji havina uwezo wa kumuona virus or bacteria or vijidudu vingine, LA hasha, ila soma hapa chini ujue sababu ya kupima antibodies instead.
1. Virus, bacteria na vijidudu vingine vya magonjwa, vingi ni very microscopic (haviwezi kuonekana kwa macho).

2. Hata vikionekana kwa darubini, bado hauwezi kujua utofauti wa umbo kwa uhakika kwani baadhi hukaribiana kufanana.

Hivyo basi ili kuondoa uwezekano wa kubahatisha, watalaamu hujikita zaidi kupima behaviour ya antibodies zinapokuwa exposed to either virus or bacteria.

Ikumbukwe kwamba antibodies huwa ni zile zile kwa kila aina ya vijidudu (mf virus na bacteria), kinachotofautisha ni namna antibodies hizo zinavyo react kwa kila aina ya vijidudu. Hivyo wataalamu huelekeza nguvu nyingi sana kwenye kupima "how the antibodies react towards the virus in question" kuliko "how the virus look like" ili kuwa na uhakika zaidi na kutoa diagnosis ya uhakika zaidi pasipo kubahatisha a.k.a kuugeuza mwili wako laboratory.

Kama haujanielewa niulize swali.

Diplomatic Imunnity · Oct 11, 2015

Tutaelewana tu hapa

pakamwam · Oct 11, 2015

shida yetu ni moja hatutaki kusoma in line na kuelewa. soma kwa makini na utaelewa na pia ukisoma article niliyokutumia mara ya kwanza utajua kuwa tulikuwa na HIV kabla hata yakugundulika.
hii ndio inayowafanya watu waache kwenda kupata tiba hspitalini kuacha kutumia kinga kwakuwasikiliza watu kama hawa. hawachelewi kusema wanatibu kisukari, grave's disease na mengine mengi kwa mayai ya kware.
mtu anakuja tu kuleta uongo na umbea bila utafiti wa aina yoyote.ndio maana nilisema akiendelea hivi anaweza kuwa mpiga ramli baadaye. maarifa hujengwa na tafiti makini. katika utafiti hatuangalii tu tunachopenda kiwa, tunaangalia ukweli ukoje baada ya kutumia njia sahihi
nilikwambili kuhusu HINARI, PUBMED na WHO maana hao ndio wasemaji wakuu wa tafiti zinahusu afya ya binadamu. WHO ndio controller wa mwisho kwenye hizi tafiti zote. HINARI na PUBMEd utaona watafiti walivyofanya na kuweza kuisolate na kupata pure isolates za hao virus.
ukimwi sio hadithi au myth. upo, unaambukiza na unaweza kuzuilika.
kuhusu ARV zinaleta faida kubwa na wengi wamesaudika na hizi dawa na nashauri hata wewe uanze kutumia kama umepimwa una ukimwi. kila dawa ina side effects. shida ya ARV zina madhara kwenye figo na ini na ndio maana mtu anapoanza lazima awe chini ya uangalizi wa madaktari na maabara ili kuona kama ina na figo havizruiki na kuweza kudhibti madhara

narudia tena kukupa ushauri wa bureeee. soma article ya hapo juu na kama ni kubwa soma hii hapa na kama hujaelewa nitafute kwenye simu au karibu in vitro maabara mbezi ya kimara na hata muhimbili unawea kuja tu ili mradi upate elimu stahiki na uwe balozi mzuri wa kuokoa vijana hata kama wewe umeathirika na huamini majibu

Laboratory Diagnosis
Evidence of infection by HIV can be detected in three ways:
(1) virus isolation,
(2) serologic determination of antiviral antibodies, and
(3) measurement of viral nucleic acid or antigens.
Virus Isolation
HIV can be cultured from lymphocytes in peripheral blood (and occasionally from specimens from other sites). The numbers of circulating infected cells vary with the stage of disease (Figure 44–5). Higher titers of virus are found in the plasma and in peripheral blood cells of patients with AIDS as compared with asymptomatic individuals. The magnitude of plasma viremia appears to be a better correlate of the clinical stage of HIV infection than the presence of any antibodies (Figure 44–7). The most sensitive virus isolation technique is to cocultivate the test sample with uninfected, mitogen-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Primary isolates of HIV grow very slowly compared with laboratory-adapted strains. Viral growth is detected by testing culture supernatant fluids after about 7–14 days for viral reverse transcriptase activity or for virus-specific antigens (p24).

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[TD="class: font11"]Pattern of HIV antibody responses related to the course of HIV infection. (PBL, peripheral blood lymphocytes; CTL, cytotoxic T lymphocytes.)
(Reproduced, with permission, from Weiss RA: How does HIV cause AIDS? Science 1993;260:1273.)
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The vast majority of HIV-1 antibody-positive persons will have virus that can be cultured from their blood cells. However, virus isolation techniques are time-consuming and laborious and are limited to research studies. PCR amplification techniques are more commonly used for detection of virus in clinical specimens.
Serology
Test kits are commercially available for measuring antibodies by enzyme-linked immunoassay (EIA). If properly performed, these tests have a sensitivity and specificity exceeding 98%. When EIA-based antibody tests are used for screening populations with a low prevalence of HIV infections (eg, blood donors), a positive test in a serum sample must be confirmed by a repeat test. If the repeat EIA test is reactive, a confirmation test is performed to rule out false-positive EIA results. The most widely used confirmation assay is the Western blot technique, in which antibodies to HIV proteins of specific molecular weights can be detected. Antibodies to viral core protein p24 or envelope glycoproteins gp41, gp120, or gp160 are most commonly detected.
The response pattern against specific viral antigens changes over time as patients progress to AIDS. Antibodies to the envelope glycoproteins (gp41, gp120, gp160) are maintained, but those directed against the Gag proteins (p17, p24, p55) decline. The decline of anti-p24 may herald the beginning of clinical signs and other immunologic markers of progression (Figure 44–7).
Simple, rapid tests for detecting HIV antibodies are available for use in laboratories ill-equipped to perform EIA tests and in settings where test results are desired with little delay. The simple tests can be performed on blood or oral fluid and are based on principles such as particle agglutination or immunodot reactions. The most recent developments are rapid tests that can detect HIV antibodies in whole blood specimens that require no processing. These tests can be performed outside the traditional laboratory setting.
Home testing kits are available. The procedure involves placing drops of blood from a finger prick on a specially treated card. The card is then mailed to a licensed laboratory for testing.
The mean time to seroconversion after HIV infection is 3–4 weeks. Most individuals will have detectable antibodies within 6–12 weeks after infection, whereas virtually all will be positive within 6 months. HIV infection for longer than 6 months without a detectable antibody response is very uncommon.
Detection of Viral Nucleic Acid or Antigens
Amplification assays such as the RT-PCR, DNA PCR, and bDNA tests are commonly used to detect viral RNA in clinical specimens. The RT-PCR assay uses an enzymatic method to amplify HIV RNA; the bDNA assay amplifies viral RNA by sequential oligonucleotide hybridization steps. The tests can be quantitative when reference standards are used; appropriate positive and negative controls must be included with each test. These molecular-based tests are very sensitive and form the basis for plasma viral load determinations. HIV sequence heterogeneity may limit the sensitivity of these assays to detect HIV infections. The HIV RNA levels are important predictive markers of disease progression and valuable tools with which to monitor the effectiveness of antiviral therapies.
Early diagnosis of HIV infection in infants born to infected mothers can be accomplished using plasma HIV-1 RNA tests. The presence of maternal antibodies makes serologic tests uninformative.
Low levels of circulating HIV-1 p24 antigen can be detected in the plasma by EIA soon after infection. The antigen often becomes undetectable after antibodies develop (because the p24 protein is complexed with p24 antibodies) but may reappear late in the course of infection, indicating a poor prognosis.

nakuomba tena nakusihi usidanganye umma maana haya mambo yanaweza kumpata ndugu yako, mwanao, na wewe mwenyewe. usiwadanganye watu kabisa na nakuwa na wasi wasi kuwa wanawake wote unaotoka nao hutumii kinga maana huamini kama tatizo lipo na kama una HIV tayari unaendelea kuambukiza watu.
nashauri serikali kuwaangalia sana watu kama nyie maana mnauwa taifa na krudisha nyuma jitihada zote za kukabiliana na ukimwi na vvu

mkuyati og · Oct 11, 2015

Deception said:
1.Determine'''bioline'''unigold'''western blot'''hiv DNA pcr'''electron microscope...

You are wrong.Hiyo electron microscope usidanganye watu,hakuna kipimo hicho cha HIV,labda kwenye theory zenu za darasani mdanganywa hivyo.Kama kipo tuambie kiko kituo gani cha afya hapa Tanzania twende kukiona.Madaktari wote hawajawahi kumuona HIV katika maisha yao,unafikiri kama HIV kweli yupo wangeshindwa kumuona kwenye hiyo electron microscope?

Hata wewe 'kuwa muwazi', tuambie kama umewahi kumuona HIV hata kwa kutumia hiyo electron microscope.

2.Antibody test ina zaidi ya 99% specificity...

You are wrong.Hizi ni theory za darasani tu,ukienda mtaani au kwenye vituo vya afya sivyo hivyo.

3.kwakuwa hiv primarily hu-infect na kuathiri seli zenye CD4 receptors...

Wrong again! HIV haui hizo seli.

Proof:Nenda mtaani kafanye uchunguzi wako utakutana na watu wamepiwa HIV+ zaidi ya miaka 15 iliyopita,hawatumii ARVs lakini CD4 zao ziko juu sana.Utasema kwamba hawa ni CARRIERS,he he heeee!!!

4.wangapi wanakutwa na ukimwi na hawatumii dawa ila wanaumwa magonjwa yanayoendana na ukimwi na kufa...

Ofcoooourse!!kama kinga yako iko chini ni rahisi kunasa ugonjwa,and ofcooourse!!,kama umepata ugonjwa fulani mfano TB halafu hutumii dawa lazima ufe.Nani anapinga hili.

Ila mimi na hata wewe hatutegemei mtu aumwe TB halafu apewe ARVs huku tukitegemea kwamba atapona.

Isitoshe,wewe mwenyewe hata hujijui kama unashindwa kutofautisha kati ya ukimwi na VVU.Hapa wewe unazungumzia ukimwi na sio VVU.Ukimwi upo lakini hauui,kinachoua ni ugonjwa unaoupata baada ya kinga kupungua,kama utatibiwa ugonjwa wako vizuri utapona na kuendelea na shughuli zako.Lakini VVU hayupo,hivyo basi,dawa za ARVs hazina target.

Halafu pia unanishangaza kwa kuwa hata hujui kwamba kabla ya kutangazwa HIV mwaka 1984,kabla ya hapo ukimwi ulikuwapo,ukimwi ulikuwapo tangu mwanadamu alipoanza kuwapo duniani.Kama nimepotosha hapa sema ili watu wakusikie.

5.Mtu na mkewe wanakufa kwa magonjwa yanayoendana, na wote walikutwa na HIV, hushtuki?

Mimi sishtuki.Wewe hujawahi kufanya uchunguzi wako kwa watu kama hawa,mimi nimefanya.Hutakiwi kuzungumzia vitu juu juu,lete mfano halisi na useme watu hao walikuwa wanaumwa magonjwa gani?walikuwa wanatumia ARVs au la?Style ya maisha yao(mlo,pombe,matumizi ya madawa mengine nk) ilikuwaje?Lete mfano hai ulioshiba data.

Nikupe mfano mmoja:

Kama wewe una TB halafu unalala na mkeo kila siku kitanda kimoja kuna uwezekano mkubwa na mkeo akapata TB.Pia kumbuka kwamba huwezi kupata TB kama kinga yako iko juu(lazima kinga iwe imeshuka,yaani ukimwi).Kama wote wawili hamjapata matibabu sawasawa baada ya muda mtakuwa na dalili zifuatazo;

a/.Mtapungua uzito
b/.mtakonda sana
c/.Mtakuwa mnakohoa sana(kama ni pulmonary TB)
d/.Mtaharisha(kama ni GI TB)
e/.Mtatapika(kama ni GI TB)
f/.Mtakosa nguvu
g/.Mtakosa hamu ya kula
h/.Mtakuwa na homa za mara kwa mara

Kumbuka pia si watu wote wenye TB wanapima HIV+.Pia fahamu kwamba TB ni mojawapo ya sababu inayoweza kufanya vipimo vyenu feki vitoe majibu ya HIV+.Sasa tumia akili yako kudadavua hapo.

NB:
-Huwezi kupata TB mpaka kinga yako iwe chini/ishuke/ipungue(yaani uwe na ukimwi),
-Si watu wote wenye TB wanapimwa na kukutwa HIV+,wapo wengi wanakutwa HIV-,

Ukichambua hizo point mbili hapo juu utakuja kuona kwamba unaweza kuwa na ukimwi hata kama umepimwa HIV-.Sasa kuanzia hapo unaweza kupata dodoso kwamba,kumbe kuwa na ukimwi si lazima uwe na HIV,sasa akili ndio itaanza kufunguka kujua zaidi ni mambo gani zaidi ya huyo HIV yanasababisha kinga kupungua(yaani ukimwi).

6.Pia, damu ya mama na mtoto wakati yuko tumboni hazichanganyiki...

Hapa uko sahihi,hujakosea.Kumbe akili ya kujua unayo,ila hutaki kuitumia.

Naona unajaribu kunichallenge kwa hoja nyepesi. Hapa tunaongelea ukimwi unaosababishwa na virus vya HIV. Hii ndiyo basis ya discussion yetu. Na hata tukiongelea vipimo ni vile vinavyoweza kutambua uwepo wa virus huyu kwenye damu. Ndio maana correct term ni HIV - AIDS. Kwa hyo kwenye post zangu ukikuta nimeandika ukimwi, specifically nazungumzia HIV - AIDS, sio upungufu wa kinga wa aina nyingine yoyote.
Pia, umetoa mfano wa TB na uambukizaji wake. Swali, wawili wenye kinga ndogo ya mwili (Lakini hawana HIV mwilini) na dalili sawa za TB, wakienda kupima na vipimo vikaonyesha Wana active TB infection, wataambiwa Wana TB au ukimwi? (kwa maana ya HIV-AIDS)
. Sijui umeelewa concept behind hii scenario niliyokupa, kuhusu diagnosis??!
Finally, hoja zako ume-raise kutokana na utafiti ama hoja ya watu wachache sana. Wanasayansi unao-refer wewe basically ni wawili ama watatu. Pia, ktk medical scientific community hoja hizi hazija-gain acceptance na support, both kinadharia na statistically.

Science, and specifically medical science is a very broad field. Kila siku kuna new findings na inventions zinazoendelea kusaidia towards the perfection of the art and science of Medicine katika kusaidia kuimprove afya za watu.

Hakuna kitu kibaya kama conspiracy theories, hasa unapokuwa unaongelea kitu sensitive kama afya na uhai wa watu. Narudia, kila mtu ana fani yake. You have the right to argue ila shida huna msingi wa human medicine, uelewa wangu na wako ni tofauti sana. Ninaposema HIV ni kubwa kwako niko serious, don't just give-in to your ego. Hebu basi Anza ku-apply hizi theories zako kwa ndugu zako na watu wako wa karibu,, kabla hujafikia hatua ya kujaribu kuwaangamiza wengi waliomo humu. Have sympathy kidogo.

Ishu kwamba sijui ulijichoma damu sio kweli, wewe hujafikia kuwa mwendawazimu kiasi hiko!! Au labda ni mwendawazimu? Unajua magonjwa mangapi unaweza kupata kwa kufanya stupid move kama hyo? Au na hayo magonjwa ni hoax, hayapo? Unachojaribu kufanya ni kutafuta credibility, hata kwa kusema uongo ulio dhahiri ikibidi.

Usicheze na maisha ya watu, you are no scientist. Unang'ang'ania kwamba elimu zetu tumekaririshwa kutoka "magharibi", kwani wewe reference zako unafanya kutoka wapi?

pakamwam · Oct 11, 2015

angalia facts hizo na usiwe na haraka

mzee wa kigonzile · Oct 11, 2015

multikasuku said:
mkuu asante kwa kumfafanulia zaidi, kimsingi tusipoteze muda mwingi kujaribu kutazama controversies ambazo zilishaonesha ni uongo kitambo kidogo, huu ugonjwa upo, na una madhara period!

kuongezea kidogo tu ni kuwa kuna seli nyingi tofauti zinazoipambanua kinga ya mwili, HIV anashambulia CD4 kwa namna mbili. Moja ni kuziangamiza kabisa na kusababisha kupungua kwa idadi yake (low CD4 count) ambayo hupelekea hiyo kitu "Upungufu wa kinga mwilini" na njia ya pili ni kwa ku-inactivate function za CD4 hivyo zinakuwa zipo mwilini ila hazifanyi kazi ipasavyo hapa huwa zinaitwa "innocent by-stander". Yani ni kama vijana wa siku hizi unaona mwizi anapigwa halafu wewe hautetei uhai wake na kusimama tu kama mtazamaji.

Hii inapeleke kipimo cha CD4 count ambacho kimetumika kwa muda mrefu hapa nchini na kwingineko kisitoe taswira sahihi ya maendeleo ya matibabu ya mgonjwa. Hivyo ndio maana nilisema kule nyuma kutokana na kupiga hatua kidogo kimaendeleo, kwa sasa serikali yenu ya JMT imeanza kuoffer test ya viral load kwa wagonjwa kama namna ya kumonitor maendeleo ya tiba.

Bottom line, hizo consipiracies ni za uongo, ukitaka kujua ugonjwa upo angalia miaka ya mwanzoni mwa tisini mpaka mwanzo wa 2000 wakati tiba ilikuwa haipatikani, then linganisha na sasa ambapo kuna ARVs.

Lastly kwa taarifa iliyokuwa proved kisayansi, unapopunguza kiwango cha HIV mwilini kwa mama unapunguza kabisa uwezekano wa maambukizi kwa mtoto. Hii ndio maana kwa sasa hakuna discussion mama mjamzito mwenye maambukizo anashauriwa aanze ARVs bila kujali stage aliyopo. Ugonjwa huu kwa namna ya kipekee uko tofauti tofauti kwa watu, kuna wanaoambukizwa leo na ndani ya miaka miwili wanakuwa tayari na dalili zote za AIDS, then kuna wanaochelewa na mwisho kabisa kuna ambao inaweza hata ichukue miaka kumi bila matibabu yoyote ndio wakaonekana na AIDS. Tatizo nyie mnachukua insidence moja ya mama mjamzito aliye test positive bila kujua yuko katika group ipi kati ya haya niliyoyataja, then unataka kujenga hoja ya kugeneralize. Ni mbaya kabisa kurisk infection moja itokee kwa mtoto wakati dawa zipo, na ndio maana kwa sasa ukiwa tu positive and pregnant ni matibabu tu MAANA HAMNA NAMNA NYINGINE KWA KWELI.

Ni hayo tu kwa sasa, UGONJWA UPO, WAHIMIZE WENZIO WAPIME, WAZINGATIE USHAURI NA KUJILINDA DHIDI YA MAAMBUKIZI MAPYA, UKIMWI UPO!

Mkuu hakuna ambaye anasema UKIMWI haupo. Upungufu Wa Kinga Mwilini (UKIMWI) upo ila sababu ya UKIMWI si HIV. Hapo ndiyo turning point.

pakamwam · Oct 11, 2015

zipi aina nyingi za ukimwi. ukimwi kama ukimwi na upungufu wa kinga mwilini.
ukimwi unaweza kusababushwa na chakula, autoimmune states katika mwili na matatizo mengine kama mionzi nayoweza kuua aina fulani ya cells zinazozalisha cells nyingine

hapa maada kubwa kubwa sio upungufu wa kinga maada kubwa ni HIV ambayo inasababisha upungufu wa kinga kwa asilimia 98 ya wangonjwa wote wenye upungufu wa kinga.
kiingereza kimetofautisha vizuri sana haya. upungufu wa kinga mwilini unasababushwa na vvu huitwa acquired immono-deficiency syndromes na upungufu wa kinga wa kawaida nje ya ukimwi huitwa immuno defficiency. pia kwenye vitabu vingi immuno defficiency inajitegemea kama topic na haiunganishwi na AIDS

Mbimbinho · Oct 11, 2015

pakamwam said:
yote ulioyandika ni uongo. mimi ni mwalimu wa chuo cha muhimbili kwenye sayansi za maabara. HIV ipo, unaweza kuisolate hata wewe ukifundishwa na pia vipimovyote ni kweli na sio imani. asikudanganye mtu na hizo articles unazosoma na za medical fanatics na fallacy. jaribu kusoma articles toka HINARI, PUBMED na WHO utapa articles zenye ukweli na in depth knowledge

Mkuu ukiwa maabara ushawahi muona huyo virus kwenye hizo darubini zenu kama mnavyofanya kwa maralia??

pakamwam · Oct 11, 2015

mimi nimeshatoa facts, kuna mtu kaelezea human T lymphocyte virus. ushauri wangu kwa mtu huyu ni mmoja tu. nenda kasome stages katika kugundua kitu hasa inapokuja kwa medical research. human T lymphocyte virus wapo na pia wanasababishaupungufu wakinga mwilini na ukisoma immuno defficiecyutakuta jinsi wanavyofanya mpaka kufikia huko.
jamaa alikuwa sahihi kuchanganya HVI Na HTLV kwa sababu end effect inakuwa sawa. pia hata ugonjwa wa ukimwi kabla haujagunduliwa marekani walikuwa wanauchanganya na ugnjwa unasababishwa na fungus. hizo zote ni stages katika medical research. mwisho wa siku walikuja kukubalia kwa ujumla na ukweli wa kisayansi kwamba HIV hayuko sawa na HTLV ingawa end effect inaweza kuwa sawa

pia sikushauri kuwakashfu medical doctors kuwa wanafikiria ndani ya box. wewe ndiye unaye jifanya unajua wakati umelishwa uongo kabisa. kama unataka maarifa njoo uonane na wataalam, mshauriane na sio kueneza uonga na upotoshaji. kwa namna hii bora sheria ya mitandao ifanye kazi yake maana unawapoteza vijana wanaoobalehe waamini HIV haipo

mkuyati og · Oct 11, 2015

mzee wa kigonzile said:
Kwanza watu inabidi wafahamu kuwa baada ya Robert Gallo kuclaim kwamba HIV inasababisha UKIMWI alichokifanya ni kupita mlango wa nyuma kwa kukwepa kiunzi cha PEER REVIEW SCIENCE yaan uthibitisho wa pamoja wa wanasayansi kuthibitisha kwamba HIV ndiyo sababu ya UKIMWI.

Na hakufanya hivyo kwa bahati mbaya, alikuwa anajua anachokifanya kuwa hakiko sahihi, kwasababu huyu huyu Robert Gallo aliwahi kuclaim kuwa retrovirus aina ya HTLV1 wanasababisha kansa kwa binadamu katika miaka ya 70 lakini Peter Duesberg na wanasayansi wengine walikuja na critics, Gallo akashindwa kuthibitisha kuwa HTLV1 ndiyo sababu ya kansa.

Kwahiyo kinachoonekana hapa huyu Gallo alikuwa na kirusi chake tayari ambacho alikuwa akikitafutia ugonjwa wa kuuambatanisha, alijaribu kufanya hivyo kwenye ugonjwa wa kansa akafeli, sasa amekuja kufanikiwa kwenye UKIMWI, lakini amekuja na jina linguine sio HTLV1 tena ni HTLV3 baada ya kumodify cell line za kirusi cha Luc Montagnier ambacho kilijulikana kwa jina la LAV.

Na baada ya kuclaim kwamba HIV ndiyo sababu ya UKIMWI, zile test result zake hazikuwekwa wazi mpaka baada ya wiki moja kupita tangu kuitisha Press Conference na kuutangazia ulimwengu kwamba HIV ndiyo sababu ya UKIMWI. Hazikuwekwa wazi kwasababu alijua wanasayansi wenzake wangekuja na critics sababu alichokifanya ni ulaghai.
Kwahiyo press conference ilifanyika tarehe 23 April, 1984, lakini test results zilikuwa published kwenye science magazine tarehe 4 May, 1984. Na matokeo ya results yalikuwa kama ifuatavyo;

Only 44 of 93 AIDS patients tested had the virus (LESS THAN HALF) 
Reference on: Science Vol.224 May 4, 1984

Sasa ukitazama hiyo result ya Gallo hapo inaonesha kwamba kati ya wagonjwa 93 wa UKIMWI ambao walikuwa tested ni wagonjwa 44 walikutwa na HIV.

Sasa swali linakuja, wagonjwa 49 waliobaki ambao hawakuwa na HIV, kitu gani ambacho kilisababisha ukimwi kwao?
Na kama HIV ndiyo major role kwenye kusababisha UKIMWI, kwanini hao wagonjwa 49 waliobaki hawakuwa na hiyo HIV?
Tatu kwanini waanzilishi wa nadharia ya HIV/AIDS wame conclude kwamba HIV ndiyo sababu ya UKIMWI wakati zaidi ya nusu ya wagonjwa (Wagonjwa 49) ambao walikuwa tested hawakuwa na hiyo HIV?

YOU CANT FOOL ALL THE PEOPLE ALL THE TIME.

Hayo ni matokeo ya utafiti mwaka 84, with a very small sample size, pia ni wakati ambapo concept ya HIV aids ndio ilikuwa ktk it's infancy!! Same applies to all other diseases, ila conspirators mnakomaa na HIV tu. utalinganisha na leo ambapo medicine is so advanced in terms of research na vipimo? Lete matokeo ya tafiti za wakati huu wa modern hiv era tutaelewana. Endelea kuota

everlenk · Oct 11, 2015

Deception said:
Pole sana kwa matatizo.Ukichunguza matatizo aliyonayo ndugu yako ndio yaleyale niliyosema yanasababishwa na matumizi ya muda mrefu ya ARVs kama ulivyoni quote.Wewe sasa ni umeshuhudia mwenyewe na sasa unaanza kupata picha kamili ya mambo haya.

Kama uko tayari tunaweza kushirikiana kuokoa maisha yake kwa kufanya yafuatayo;

1.Kumuondoa sumu iliyojaa mwilini ambayo ndio sababu ya kisukari alichonacho.Sumu hii imesababishwa na ARVs.
2.Kumpa vyakula/supplements zitakazorudisha virutubisho vilivyopotea mwilini kutokana na sumu ya ARVs kama vile madini ya chuma,calcium nk,vitamini mbalimbali na kurudisha pH ya damu yake katika hali ya kawaida.Hapo alipo lazima pH ya damu yake itakuwa ni 'acidic' zaidi,ukitaka kuamini hili mwambie daktari ampime pH atakwambia,nina uhakika na hilo.

Sasa ukiwa tayari nijulishe.

Angalizo:
Siko kibiashara hapa.Siwezi kumzuia mtu yeyote kufikiria kwamba mimi nafanya biashara,kila mtu ana uhuru wa kufikiri chochote,isitoshe mtu hana uwezo wa ku control fikra zake.

Okey, Asante sana Mkuu nimekuelewa, kwasasa nipo Safarini nategemea jumanne nirudi Dar basi nitakapofika nitakujulisha.

Allency · Oct 11, 2015

Habari wana Jf,
Nimesoma mengi sana hapa na nlishasikia mengi juu ya concept hii ya HIV/AIDS
Niko na swali moja japo mim si mtaalam hata kidogo juu ya mambo haya magonjwa na tiba
Qn Je kama mtu mwenye Ukimwi akipewa tiba ya magonjwa hayo nyemelezi(Yanavyoitwa japo naanza pata shaka) pekee pasipo kupewa ARV then focus ikabaki kwenye kumpa mgonjwa virutubisho asili kwa ajili ya kupandisha kinga, hili haliwez kuwa suruhisho mbadala kuliko kuwatesa watu na hizi ARV?

mzee wa kigonzile · Oct 11, 2015

mkuyati og said:
Naona unajaribu kunichallenge kwa hoja nyepesi. Hapa tunaongelea ukimwi unaosababishwa na virus vya HIV. Hii ndiyo basis ya discussion yetu. Na hata tukiongelea vipimo ni vile vinavyoweza kutambua uwepo wa virus huyu kwenye damu. Ndio maana correct term ni HIV - AIDS. Kwa hyo kwenye post zangu ukikuta nimeandika ukimwi, specifically nazungumzia HIV - AIDS, sio upungufu wa kinga wa aina nyingine yoyote.
Pia, umetoa mfano wa TB na uambukizaji wake. Swali, wawili wenye kinga ndogo ya mwili (Lakini hawana HIV mwilini) na dalili sawa za TB, wakienda kupima na vipimo vikaonyesha Wana active TB infection, wataambiwa Wana TB au ukimwi? (kwa maana ya HIV-AIDS)
. Sijui umeelewa concept behind hii scenario niliyokupa, kuhusu diagnosis??!
Finally, hoja zako ume-raise kutokana na utafiti ama hoja ya watu wachache sana. Wanasayansi unao-refer wewe basically ni wawili ama watatu. Pia, ktk medical scientific community hoja hizi hazija-gain acceptance na support, both kinadharia na statistically.

Science, and specifically medical science is a very broad field. Kila siku kuna new findings na inventions zinazoendelea kusaidia towards the perfection of the art and science of Medicine katika kusaidia kuimprove afya za watu.

Hakuna kitu kibaya kama conspiracy theories, hasa unapokuwa unaongelea kitu sensitive kama afya na uhai wa watu. Narudia, kila mtu ana fani yake. You have the right to argue ila shida huna msingi wa human medicine, uelewa wangu na wako ni tofauti sana. Ninaposema HIV ni kubwa kwako niko serious, don't just give-in to your ego. Hebu basi Anza ku-apply hizi theories zako kwa ndugu zako na watu wako wa karibu,, kabla hujafikia hatua ya kujaribu kuwaangamiza wengi waliomo humu. Have sympathy kidogo.

Ishu kwamba sijui ulijichoma damu sio kweli, wewe hujafikia kuwa mwendawazimu kiasi hiko!! Au labda ni mwendawazimu? Unajua magonjwa mangapi unaweza kupata kwa kufanya stupid move kama hyo? Au na hayo magonjwa ni hoax, hayapo? Unachojaribu kufanya ni kutafuta credibility, hata kwa kusema uongo ulio dhahiri ikibidi.

Usicheze na maisha ya watu, you are no scientist. Unang'ang'ania kwamba elimu zetu tumekaririshwa kutoka "magharibi", kwani wewe reference zako unafanya kutoka wapi?

Mkuu mkuyati OG naaomba unisaidie kidogo, unasema hapa tunaongelea ukimwi unaosababishwa na virus vya HIV. Inamaana unakubali kuna aina ya UKIMWI ambao unasabishwa na factors nyinginezo. Sasa swali linakuja kwanini hizo factors hazipewi uzito na hazizungumzwi, tunaishia kuiblame HIV?

Tests results za Robert Gallo mwaka 1984 zilionyesha hivi;
"Only 44 of 93 AIDS patients tested had the virus (LESS THAN HALF) "
Reference on: Science Vol.224 May 4, 1984

Sasa ukitazama hiyo result ya Gallo hapo inaonesha kwamba kati ya wagonjwa 93 wa UKIMWI ambao walikuwa tested ni wagonjwa 44 tu walikutwa na HIV.

Sasa swali linakuja, wagonjwa 49 waliobaki ambao hawakuwa na HIV kitu gani ambacho kilisababisha ukimwi kwao?
Na kama HIV ndiyo major role kwenye kusababisha UKIMWI, kwanini hao wagonjwa 49 waliobaki hawakuwa na hiyo HIV?
Na kwanini wali conclude kwamba sababu ya UKIMWI ni HIV hali ya kuwa zaidi ya nusu ya wagonjwa ambao walikuwa tested hawakuwa na hiyo HIV?

Pili unapaswa kufahamu kwamba nadharia ya HIV/AIDS imejengwa kuondoa dhana ya kwamba hakuna UKIMWI bila HIV.

Umeuliza Swali, wawili wenye kinga ndogo ya mwili (Lakini hawana HIV mwilini) na dalili sawa za TB, wakienda kupima wataambiwa Wana TB au ukimwi? (kwa maana ya HIV-AIDS).

Kutokana na swali lako hao watu wataambiwa wana TB tu. Kwasababu tafsiri ya UKIMWI kutokana na kituo cha kudhibiti magonjwa marekani(CDC) ni kama ifuatavyo;

Kaposi sarkoma + HIV = UKIMWI
kaposi sarkoma – VVU = kaposi sarkoma
Pneumonia + HIV = UKIMWI
Pneumonia – VVU = Pneumonia
Dementia (matatizo ya akili) + HIV = UKIMWI
Dementia – VVU = Dementia
Chembechembe chini ya 200 za seli CD4 + HIV = UKIMWI
Chembechembe chini ya 200 za seli CD4 – VVU = hakuna ugonjwa

Kwahiyo ili uonekane una UKIMWI lazima uwe HIV+ na dalili za moja ya hayo magonjwa au uwe na CD4 chini ya 200 pamoja na kuwa tested positive.

Pia Unasema Mkuu hapo ame raise hoja zake kutokana na utafiti wa watu wachache but ukweli huwa unabaki kuwa ukweli tu hata kama walio wengi wakiupinga au kuupindisha au kuuficha from the public.

Dunia inaamini World Trade Center (WTC) ilipigwa na magaidi, lakini si kweli ila kwasababu waliyoipiga ndiyo wameshika media kwenye huu ulimwengu, wameugeuza ukweli na dunia imeamini.

So the truth will stand forever, no matter what.

Dr.Charles Thomasa, Former Harvad Proffesor katika masuala ya baiolojia akishirikiana na scientists wengine walikusanya signatures zaidi ya 100 za scientist mbalimbali kwa mara ya kwanza miaka ya 90 na kuandaa Reappraisal Letter wakiomba independent group of researchers kuprove hii nadharia ya HIV/AIDS walikataliwa, sasa swali linakuja kama tunataka kusolve problema kwanini tunaogopa kuwapa nafasi Denialist???

Ni kweli katika medical scientific community hoja hizi hazija gain acceptance na support kama unavyosema, hili ni kweli na ni kwasababu ya political economic power of the AIDS industry. Hawa watu wameshika media ya ulimwengu na wamefanikiwa kuiaminisha dunia juu ya hii ya nadharia ya kitapeli ya HIV/AIDS.

Ni ukweli uliowazi watu wame invest billions of dollors katika viwanda vya blood test kit, condoms na ARVS, na hapa ndiyo turning point, watu wanaogopa kuharibiwa biashara zao tu.

mkuyati og · Oct 11, 2015

pakamwam said:
sipo kwa ajili ya kupambana.somaarticle niliyokutumia hapoo juu. utaelewa ninachokisema ni nini. unatakiwa kuelewa hili. pia naomba uache kudanganya watuuuuLaboratory DiagnosisEvidence of infection by HIV can be detected in three ways: (1) virus isolation, (2) serologic determination of antiviral antibodies, and (3) measurement of viral nucleic acid or antigens.Virus IsolationHIV can be cultured from lymphocytes in peripheral blood (and occasionally from specimens from other sites). The numbers of circulating infected cells vary with the stage of disease (Figure 445). Higher titers of virus are found in the plasma and in peripheral blood cells of patients with AIDS as compared with asymptomatic individuals. The magnitude of plasma viremia appears to be a better correlate of the clinical stage of HIV infection than the presence of any antibodies (Figure 447). The most sensitive virus isolation technique is to cocultivate the test sample with uninfected, mitogen-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Primary isolates of HIV grow very slowly compared with laboratory-adapted strains. Viral growth is detected by testing culture supernatant fluids after about 714 days for viral reverse transcriptase activity or for virus-specific antigens (p24).Figure 447. Pattern of HIV antibody responses related to the course of HIV infection. (PBL, peripheral blood lymphocytes; CTL, cytotoxic T lymphocytes.)(Reproduced, with permission, from Weiss RA: How does HIV cause AIDS? Science 1993;260:1273.) The vast majority of HIV-1 antibody-positive persons will have virus that can be cultured from their blood cells. However, virus isolation techniques are time-consuming and laborious and are limited to research studies. PCR amplification techniques are more commonly used for detection of virus in clinical specimens.SerologyTest kits are commercially available for measuring antibodies by enzyme-linked immunoassay (EIA). If properly performed, these tests have a sensitivity and specificity exceeding 98%. When EIA-based antibody tests are used for screening populations with a low prevalence of HIV infections (eg, blood donors), a positive test in a serum sample must be confirmed by a repeat test. If the repeat EIA test is reactive, a confirmation test is performed to rule out false-positive EIA results. The most widely used confirmation assay is the Western blot technique, in which antibodies to HIV proteins of specific molecular weights can be detected. Antibodies to viral core protein p24 or envelope glycoproteins gp41, gp120, or gp160 are most commonly detected.The response pattern against specific viral antigens changes over time as patients progress to AIDS. Antibodies to the envelope glycoproteins (gp41, gp120, gp160) are maintained, but those directed against the Gag proteins (p17, p24, p55) decline. The decline of anti-p24 may herald the beginning of clinical signs and other immunologic markers of progression (Figure 447).Simple, rapid tests for detecting HIV antibodies are available for use in laboratories ill-equipped to perform EIA tests and in settings where test results are desired with little delay. The simple tests can be performed on blood or oral fluid and are based on principles such as particle agglutination or immunodot reactions. The most recent developments are rapid tests that can detect HIV antibodies in whole blood specimens that require no processing. These tests can be performed outside the traditional laboratory setting.Home testing kits are available. The procedure involves placing drops of blood from a finger prick on a specially treated card. The card is then mailed to a licensed laboratory for testing.The mean time to seroconversion after HIV infection is 34 weeks. Most individuals will have detectable antibodies within 612 weeks after infection, whereas virtually all will be positive within 6 months. HIV infection for longer than 6 months without a detectable antibody response is very uncommon.Detection of Viral Nucleic Acid or AntigensAmplification assays such as the RT-PCR, DNA PCR, and bDNA tests are commonly used to detect viral RNA in clinical specimens. The RT-PCR assay uses an enzymatic method to amplify HIV RNA; the bDNA assay amplifies viral RNA by sequential oligonucleotide hybridization steps. The tests can be quantitative when reference standards are used; appropriate positive and negative controls must be included with each test. These molecular-based tests are very sensitive and form the basis for plasma viral load determinations. HIV sequence heterogeneity may limit the sensitivity of these assays to detect HIV infections. The HIV RNA levels are important predictive markers of disease progression and valuable tools with which to monitor the effectiveness of antiviral therapies.Early diagnosis of HIV infection in infants born to infected mothers can be accomplished using plasma HIV-1 RNA tests. The presence of maternal antibodies makes serologic tests uninformative.Low levels of circulating HIV-1 p24 antigen can be detected in the plasma by EIA soon after infection. The antigen often becomes undetectable after antibodies develop (because the p24 protein is complexed with p24 antibodies) but may reappear late in the course of infection, indicating a poor prognosis.Laboratory DiagnosisEvidence of infection by HIV can be detected in three ways: (1) virus isolation, (2) serologic determination of antiviral antibodies, and (3) measurement of viral nucleic acid or antigens.Virus IsolationHIV can be cultured from lymphocytes in peripheral blood (and occasionally from specimens from other sites). The numbers of circulating infected cells vary with the stage of disease (Figure 445). Higher titers of virus are found in the plasma and in peripheral blood cells of patients with AIDS as compared with asymptomatic individuals. The magnitude of plasma viremia appears to be a better correlate of the clinical stage of HIV infection than the presence of any antibodies (Figure 447). The most sensitive virus isolation technique is to cocultivate the test sample with uninfected, mitogen-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Primary isolates of HIV grow very slowly compared with laboratory-adapted strains. Viral growth is detected by testing culture supernatant fluids after about 714 days for viral reverse transcriptase activity or for virus-specific antigens (p24).Figure 447. Pattern of HIV antibody responses related to the course of HIV infection. (PBL, peripheral blood lymphocytes; CTL, cytotoxic T lymphocytes.)(Reproduced, with permission, from Weiss RA: How does HIV cause AIDS? Science 1993;260:1273.) The vast majority of HIV-1 antibody-positive persons will have virus that can be cultured from their blood cells. However, virus isolation techniques are time-consuming and laborious and are limited to research studies. PCR amplification techniques are more commonly used for detection of virus in clinical specimens.SerologyTest kits are commercially available for measuring antibodies by enzyme-linked immunoassay (EIA). If properly performed, these tests have a sensitivity and specificity exceeding 98%. When EIA-based antibody tests are used for screening populations with a low prevalence of HIV infections (eg, blood donors), a positive test in a serum sample must be confirmed by a repeat test. If the repeat EIA test is reactive, a confirmation test is performed to rule out false-positive EIA results. The most widely used confirmation assay is the Western blot technique, in which antibodies to HIV proteins of specific molecular weights can be detected. Antibodies to viral core protein p24 or envelope glycoproteins gp41, gp120, or gp160 are most commonly detected.The response pattern against specific viral antigens changes over time as patients progress to AIDS. Antibodies to the envelope glycoproteins (gp41, gp120, gp160) are maintained, but those directed against the Gag proteins (p17, p24, p55) decline. The decline of anti-p24 may herald the beginning of clinical signs and other immunologic markers of progression (Figure 447).Simple, rapid tests for detecting HIV antibodies are available for use in laboratories ill-equipped to perform EIA tests and in settings where test results are desired with little delay. The simple tests can be performed on blood or oral fluid and are based on principles such as particle agglutination or immunodot reactions. The most recent developments are rapid tests that can detect HIV antibodies in whole blood specimens that require no processing. These tests can be performed outside the traditional laboratory setting.Home testing kits are available. The procedure involves placing drops of blood from a finger prick on a specially treated card. The card is then mailed to a licensed laboratory for testing.The mean time to seroconversion after HIV infection is 34 weeks. Most individuals will have detectable antibodies within 612 weeks after infection, whereas virtually all will be positive within 6 months. HIV infection for longer than 6 months without a detectable antibody response is very uncommon.Detection of Viral Nucleic Acid or AntigensAmplification assays such as the RT-PCR, DNA PCR, and bDNA tests are commonly used to detect viral RNA in clinical specimens. The RT-PCR assay uses an enzymatic method to amplify HIV RNA; the bDNA assay amplifies viral RNA by sequential oligonucleotide hybridization steps. The tests can be quantitative when reference standards are used; appropriate positive and negative controls must be included with each test. These molecular-based tests are very sensitive and form the basis for plasma viral load determinations. HIV sequence heterogeneity may limit the sensitivity of these assays to detect HIV infections. The HIV RNA levels are important predictive markers of disease progression and valuable tools with which to monitor the effectiveness of antiviral therapies.Early diagnosis of HIV infection in infants born to infected mothers can be accomplished using plasma HIV-1 RNA tests. The presence of maternal antibodies makes serologic tests uninformative.Low levels of circulating HIV-1 p24 antigen can be detected in the plasma by EIA soon after infection. The antigen often becomes undetectable after antibodies develop (because the p24 protein is complexed with p24 antibodies) but may reappear late in the course of infection, indicating a poor prognosis.

Mkuu tatizo la wengi wetu hatupendi kusoma, so ukimuwekea mtu maandishi hapa ili aelewe vizuri utaambiwa umecopy bandiko refu lisilo na tija!! Nobody wants to read and understand, kila mtu anataka urahisi tu,, wanataka visentensi viwili vitatu ambavyo havina depth kama anavyotoa deception. Nasema tena, HIV ni kubwa sana,, ni ngumu kudiscuss kwa mfumo wa "kuchat" tunaoufanya humu.. Na hamtaielewa bado science yake in depth maana unahitaji base ya sayansi ya afya ya mwili kung'amua kilichopo.

Yaani mtu anakurupuka tu kusema ARV zimesababisha kisukari na kansa, Bila hata kumuona mgonjwa mwenyewe na kupata vipimo. Je kama sukari na kansa vilikuwepo toka mwanzo kabla hajaanza ARV? Ni sayansi gani namna hii kama sio ramli? Sasa hapo nani amekariri??

everlenk · Oct 11, 2015

everlenk said:
Hapo kwenye red nimekuelewa sana Mkuu Deception maana nina mgonjwa ambaye ni HIV+ sasa ni karibu mwaka wa 9 kwakweli hali yake kwasasa ni mbaya sana, hasa kwa mwaka huu imekuwa ni kipindi kigumu sana kwake kwenye mwezi 2 aligundulika kwamba ana TB basi akanywa zile dawa miezi 6 yake kamaliza akaenda kupima ikaonekana TB hamna tena,katika muda wote huo wa dozi alikuwa analalamika sana miguu inawaka moto na ganzi inamtesa sana pia kuchoka mno hasa baada ya kumeza dawa, tulipoenda hospital aliambiwa ni reaction za dawa za TB hivyo akimaliza ataendelea kama kawaida.

Basi baada ya muda mfupi baada ya kumaliza dozi kama wiki mbili akawa analia sana miguu,na akawa analalamika kwamba kila akila chakula anasikia moyo unaenda mbio na baada ya muda anatapika,akitapika anasikia ndo kama unafuu kwake, tukampeleka regency wakafanya vipimo vyao weee wakaja na jibu la kwamba ana Sukari ya kupanda, figo ziko safi ,basi ile hali ya kutapika ikaendelea Regency wakasema mpelekeni Muhimbili, tutafika muhimbili nao wakafanya vipimo vyao weee wakaja nao na jibu la kwamba ana Sukari na malaria tiba ikaanza ,mgonjwa bado anatapika na ile hali ya kulalamika kwamba moyo unaenda mbio na tumbo kuvuruga ikaendelea baadaye Doctor akashauri kifanyike kipimo cha OGD majibu yakaja kwamba ana mikwaruzo kwenye mfumo wake wa chakula doze ikaanza,akawa admitted pale Muhimbili tukakaa kama wiki 2 tukatoka na mgonjwa akawa ameacha kutapika kabisa.

Tumekaa nyumbani kama wiki tu hata haijaisha vizuri mgonjwa akaanza kutapika tena,Jamani huko kutapika ni kutapika kweli si mchezo,chochote kinachowekwa mdomoni kinatoka,tukarudi Muhimbili tena tukalazwa tena, Ikawa kwamba maendeleo yake ya Sukari siyo mazuri doctor akasema Hamna jinsi ili kuicontrol Sukari inabidi anzishiwe dozi ya sindano maana dawa ikaonekana kama hazisaidii,so akawa anatumia dawa na sindano moja tu kwa usiku,baada ya hapo Sukari Ikawa imeanza kukaa kawaida,tumekaa pale Muhimbili kama wiki 3,baada ya hizo sindano,dripu na dawa za kuzuia kutapika mgonjwa akaanza kupunguza kutapika baadaye akakata kabisa,tukaruhusiwa kutoka. Tukiwa hapo pia walifanya vipimo vingine vya kucheki CD4 na n.k zikaonekana ziko safi ila ndo wakasema damu inaonekana imepungua pia ina bacteria kwahiyo inaweza kuwa source mojawapo ya kutapika.

Basi tulivyotoka tukasema Ngoja tuendeleee kupambana tutafute na wataalamu wengine tukaenda Kko kwa Dr Abass wakafanya vipimo vyao basi tukaomba sindano aachishwe anywe dawa basi kapewa dawa akaanza kutumia,kisha tukatafuta Specialist mwingine pale Muhimbili kwaajili ya tumbo akasema tupime kipimo kimoja cha H pylol(sijui kama nimepatia spelling) ikapimwa ikaonekana ana huyo mdudu kapewa dozi sasa hatujakaa vizuri ni wiki imeisha tu,mimi nikawa nimesafiri nikapata taarifa mgonjwa kaanza kutapika tena vile vile na hivi sasa kalazwa Muhimbili ana siku ya tatu, hali ya afya yake siyo nzuri kabisa na amedhoofu Mno kabaki mifupa tu kwakweli anatisha sana, dawa zake za ARV bado anazitumia na hayo madozi mengine.kwakweli japokuwa ni gharama sana maana hapo Muhimbili tunatumia Private na ni cash hatujakata tamaa kupigania afya yake japokuwa inachosha sana na hata mgonjwa naye kapoteza matumaini kabisa anaona ni bora afe tu majuzi Kati hapo Muhimbili nusura afanye maamuzi magumu ya kujirusha ghorofani bahati nzuri akawahiwa.

Mkuu Deception naomba tu Ushauri wako labda tufanye nini kumnusuru huyu ndugu yetu,au unaona ni nini kinachomsumbua kulingana na maelezo niliyokupa?. Mume wake alikufa kitambo sana ni kama hiyo miaka 10 na alikufa kwa huo huo ugonjwa. Ushauri wako ni wa muhimu sana Mkuu. Asante

Mkuu mkuyati og na pakamwam naomba mnisaidie katika bandiko langu hilo hapo juu, je nini kifanyike ili kuweza kuokoa maisha ya huyu ndugu yangu. Ushauri wenu ni muhimu sana wakuu.Asanteni sana

mzee wa kigonzile · Oct 11, 2015

mkuyati og said:
Hayo ni matokeo ya utafiti mwaka 84, with a very small sample size, pia ni wakati ambapo concept ya HIV aids ndio ilikuwa ktk it's infancy!! Same applies to all other diseases, ila conspirators mnakomaa na HIV tu. utalinganisha na leo ambapo medicine is so advanced in terms of research na vipimo? Lete matokeo ya tafiti za wakati huu wa modern hiv era tutaelewana. Endelea kuota

Unakiri kuwa medicine ime advance, why 31 years hiyo medicine iliyo advance imeshindwa kuja na vaccine au antibiotics kwa zaidi ya hiyo miongo 3?

Ukitrace history ya medicine magonjwa yote ambayo yalikuwa ni viral epidemiology na ambayo yalikuwa infectious yamekuwa controlled na vaccine na antibiotics tu, why AIDS?.

UKIMWI hausababishwi na kirusi na wala hauambukizwi, thats all. So HIV/AIDS resrarchers wanapiga wrong target na ndiyo maana wamekosa solution kwa zaidi ya miongo 3 sasa. Huwezi kuwadanganya watu wote kwa wakati wote.

Yes! acha niote tu. We endelea kuthink kwa niaba ya watu wa marekani.

Kaveli · Oct 11, 2015

mkuyati og said:
D) jibu hapa ni kama nilivyoeleza juu. They differ, in class, type and function. Even antibodies of the same class or type also differ depending on aina ya mdudu. Antibody test ya HIV ni specific to antibodies against HIV.

Mkuyati og, MD, Mmed, MPH

diclofenac said:
kila ugonjwa unapoingia mwilin unakua specific receptor cell ambayo huo ugonjwa unategemea il uweze kuenea mwilin,mfano malaria wanategemea yt blood cells (WBC)Ili waendelee kujiproduce mwilin, so mwil utatengeza specific ant bodies za malaria,hvo hvo na kwa magonjwa mengne

multikasuku said:
Nitaandika kwa lugha ya kawaida ili ujumbe uwafikie watu wengi zaidi...

2. Antibodies ni kinga za awali zinazotengenezwa na mwili wa binadamu dhidi ya vimelea fulani mwilini. Kila kimelea kinasababisha mwili utengeneze antibodies ambazo zinakuwa mahususi kwa ajili ya kimelea husika, hivyo kuna antibodies nyingi sana kutegemea na vimelea ambavyo vimeweza kushambulia au kutambuliwa na mfumo wa kinga wa mwili.

ngota wa nzambe said:
Kaka, antibody ziko specific for a certain infection...yaani kwa maana kila ugonjwa unakuwa na antibody specific to it..specific antibody to HIV ni tofauti sana na specific antibody to other viral infections

tajirijasiri said:
Sio kwamba Vifaa vya Upimaji havina uwezo wa kumuona virus or bacteria or vijidudu vingine, LA hasha, ila soma hapa chini ujue sababu ya kupima antibodies instead.
1. Virus, bacteria na vijidudu vingine vya magonjwa, vingi ni very microscopic (haviwezi kuonekana kwa macho).

2. Hata vikionekana kwa darubini, bado hauwezi kujua utofauti wa umbo kwa uhakika kwani baadhi hukaribiana kufanana.

Hivyo basi ili kuondoa uwezekano wa kubahatisha, watalaamu hujikita zaidi kupima behaviour ya antibodies zinapokuwa exposed to either virus or bacteria.

Ikumbukwe kwamba antibodies huwa ni zile zile kwa kila aina ya vijidudu (mf virus na bacteria), kinachotofautisha ni namna antibodies hizo zinavyo react kwa kila aina ya vijidudu. Hivyo wataalamu huelekeza nguvu nyingi sana kwenye kupima "how the antibodies react towards the virus in question...

Mkuu tajirijasiri,

Hapo kwenye BLUE: Maelezo yako ni kama yanaelekea ku-affirm jambo fulani japo umekuwa 'vuguvugu' hivi. Je are you trying to conclude kwamba 'HAIWEZEKANI' kuvipima virusi by isolation (kuviona kabsa kwa kipimo) due to those factors ulizozitaja??

Hapo kwenye RED: Kuhusu ANTIBODIES, ebu angalia hizo quotes za watalaamu wenzio ( mkuyati og, diclofenac, multikasuku, ngota wa nzambe). Wao wanasema kwamba ANTIBODIES do differ in types & functions kwa kila aina ya infection mwilini, i.e. kila infection inapata antibodies wa aina yake!

Wewe unasema ANTIBODIES ni zile zile (one/same type) kwa kila aina ya infection, but 'reaction/behaviour' ndo hutofautiana per infection.

Mkuu tajirijasiri, hapo nishike lipi, niache lipi ???

Naona mkanganyiko unaendelea from learned brothers. Anyway, ngoja tuendelee kujifunza haya mambo. Nimeanza kupata knowledge kubwa sana kwenye huu mjadala.

lusanje · Oct 11, 2015

atoto said:
Kaveli mie naomba niwe msomaji kwenye hili kwakweli, i know nothing.

Yani wewe kama mimi tu ni mweupe kwenye hili

Deception · Oct 11, 2015

mzee wa kigonzile said:
Kwanza watu inabidi wafahamu kuwa baada ya Robert Gallo kuclaim kwamba HIV inasababisha UKIMWI alichokifanya ni kupita mlango wa nyuma kwa kukwepa kiunzi cha PEER REVIEW SCIENCE yaan uthibitisho wa pamoja wa wanasayansi kuthibitisha kwamba HIV ndiyo sababu ya UKIMWI.

Na hakufanya hivyo kwa bahati mbaya, alikuwa anajua anachokifanya kuwa hakiko sahihi, kwasababu huyu huyu Robert Gallo aliwahi kuclaim kuwa retrovirus aina ya HTLV1 wanasababisha kansa kwa binadamu katika miaka ya 70 lakini Peter Duesberg na wanasayansi wengine walikuja na critics, Gallo akashindwa kuthibitisha kuwa HTLV1 ndiyo sababu ya kansa.

Kwahiyo kinachoonekana hapa huyu Gallo alikuwa na kirusi chake tayari ambacho alikuwa akikitafutia ugonjwa wa kuuambatanisha, alijaribu kufanya hivyo kwenye ugonjwa wa kansa akafeli, sasa amekuja kufanikiwa kwenye UKIMWI, lakini amekuja na jina linguine sio HTLV1 tena ni HTLV3 baada ya kumodify cell line za kirusi cha Luc Montagnier ambacho kilijulikana kwa jina la LAV.

Na baada ya kuclaim kwamba HIV ndiyo sababu ya UKIMWI, zile test result zake hazikuwekwa wazi mpaka baada ya wiki moja kupita tangu kuitisha Press Conference na kuutangazia ulimwengu kwamba HIV ndiyo sababu ya UKIMWI. Hazikuwekwa wazi kwasababu alijua wanasayansi wenzake wangekuja na critics sababu alichokifanya ni ulaghai.
Kwahiyo press conference ilifanyika tarehe 23 April, 1984, lakini test results zilikuwa published kwenye science magazine tarehe 4 May, 1984. Na matokeo ya results yalikuwa kama ifuatavyo;

Only 44 of 93 AIDS patients tested had the virus (LESS THAN HALF) 
Reference on: Science Vol.224 May 4, 1984

Sasa ukitazama hiyo result ya Gallo hapo inaonesha kwamba kati ya wagonjwa 93 wa UKIMWI ambao walikuwa tested ni wagonjwa 44 walikutwa na HIV.

Sasa swali linakuja, wagonjwa 49 waliobaki ambao hawakuwa na HIV, kitu gani ambacho kilisababisha ukimwi kwao?
Na kama HIV ndiyo major role kwenye kusababisha UKIMWI, kwanini hao wagonjwa 49 waliobaki hawakuwa na hiyo HIV?
Tatu kwanini waanzilishi wa nadharia ya HIV/AIDS wame conclude kwamba HIV ndiyo sababu ya UKIMWI wakati zaidi ya nusu ya wagonjwa (Wagonjwa 49) ambao walikuwa tested hawakuwa na hiyo HIV?

YOU CANT FOOL ALL THE PEOPLE ALL THE TIME.

Huwa nasema mara nyingi kwamba,ili watu wajue ukweli huu inabidi wawe na uelewa wa mambo makuu 4 ambayo uongo wa HIV/AIDS umejikita.Kati ya mambo hayo 4 mojawapo ni historia ya HIV/AIDS.

Wewe umeelezea vizuri sana kipande cha historia hiyo,na haya ndio mambo ambayo watu hawayajui na ndio maana watu wanakuwa wagumu sana kuelewa.Ma MD wengi wamejifungia na notes zao za darasani,hawataki kabisa kusoma nje ya notes na majarida yao,kweli huwezi kumfundisha mtu kuwa na uwezo wa kufikiri,uwezo wa kufikiri unakuja wenyewe tu 'automatically'.

Safi sana mkuu kwa kazi hii.

Kaunga · Oct 11, 2015

mkuyati og said:
Wewe sio wa kwanza kuwa ktk denial, we nako walianza zamani. Pia, acha uongo kwamba ulijidunga damu ya mtu positive, face it bro,, you don't have the guts!!

Mwanzo ulimjibu vizuri hadi nikapenda, nikasema Mzee Deception leo kapata size wake. Sasa umeharibu. Nilitegemea umpinge huyo mgunduzi wa hiyo PCR au useme hiyo youtube ni fake au sababu zingine za kisayansi.
Anyway kwa vile nyie madaktari wetu mmeshindwa mimi nitabaki na msimamo kuwa kuna kitu NOT YET KNOWN TO SCIENCE kinatusababishia UKIMWI. Hata nikiita pepo la UKIMWI sawa tu, maana limeua ndugu zangu.

V.V.U na Upimaji wake (Coincidences)

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