Wakili Serikali Mulwambo: Mantiki sahihi ni kuingalia IGA dhidi ya katiba ya Tanzania na siyo sheria za Tanzania

myoyambendi · Aug 10, 2023

The Boy Wonder said:
Hata hili nalo lina walakini mkubwa. Hata katiba ya nchi nayo ni sheria kama sheria nyingine, sema tu ni sheria mama (The Mother-Law). Kiutaratibu, mikataba ya kimataifa huwa haivunjwi kupitia mahakama za ndani, kama ingakuwa inafanyika hivyo basi, mikataba mingi sana ya kimataifa ingekuwa inavunjwa kwa hila au ujanja pale ambapo nchi inahisi kubanwa.

Chini ya sheria za kimataifa za mikataba, kuna kanuni kongwe sana iitwayo "Pacta-Sunt-Servanda", ambayo hutaka nchi ziheshimu makubaliano iliyoyaingia bila ujanja-ujanja mwingine. Tukisema tunatumia mahakama za ndani kuvunja mikataba ya kimataifa basi tutakuwa tunaweka mwanya wa nchi kuvunja hii kanuni ya "Pacta-Sunt-Servanda"

Upande mwingine, Customary International Law, inasema dhahiri kwamba, suala zima la kusaini mikataba liko chini ya mamlaka ya serikali. AU, signing international treaties, falls within the prerogative of the executive. Hivyo bunge linapewa mamlaka ya kuridhia tu (Endorsing), kama mbinu ya ushirikishwaji wa wananchi, ila utiaji sahihi wa mikataba ni suala la serikali (The Executive). Ukishafahamu hili, utatambua kwamba mahakama haina uwezo wa kuvunja mikataba ya kimataifa kwasababu mamlaka yake ni ndani ya nchi tu.

Kesi za kikatiba za Rev. Christopher Mtikila, za miaka ya 90's ziliweka hizi kanuni wazi kabisa, kwamba kuna baadhi ya mambo siyo ya mahakama bali mihimili mingine. Hivyo mahakama inachoweza kufanya ni kutangaza haki na wajibu wa wahusika (Declaration of Rights) na kulishauri bunge lifanya mabadiliko muhimu. Hili niliongea majuzi na ndugu yangu Kalamu lakini nadhani hatukuelewana vizuri.

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Sasa nirudi kwenye kesi na makosa niliyoyaona mwanzoni kabisa katika hoja tano ambazo mawakili wetu wasomi hawakuziangalia vizuri. Hata binafsi, nilishangaa kwanini mawakili wa serikali nao hawakuzizingatia vizuri hasahasa, Pre-Trail Conference (PTC):

Mosi, hoja ya kwamba Dubai siyo nchi hivyo haiwezi kusaini mikataba ya kimataifa. Wakili Mwabukusi alitumia mkataba wa kimataifa uitwao, The Monte-Video Convention, 1933 ambao unatoa vigezo vya sehemu kuitwa nchi. Hili ukiliangalia katika upande mmoja unaweza ukahisi ni sahihi, lakini katika mapana yake, lina walakini mkubwa.

Prof Hersch Lauterpatch aliandika mwaka 1958 kwenye chapisho la The International Law Commission (ILC), Commentary on International Treaties, kwamba "Treaties signed and entered by composition states/composite states, are treaties in the ordinary meaning of treaties entered by states"

Ukizingatia, State-Practice, hili linafanyika sana hapa duniani. Madola madogo (Composite States) ndani ya muungano au shirikisho huruhusiwa kusaini mikataba ya kimataifa chini ya udhamini wa dola kubwa. Mfano, Katiba ya Shirikisho la Ujerumani, chini ya Ibara ya 32 (3) inasema hivi "In so far as the Lander have power to legislate, they may, with the consent of the Federal Government, conclude treaties with foreign states"

Hichi kipengele ndicho kililipa ruhusa jimbo la Bavaria la Ujerumani Magharibi, kuingia makubaliano ya kimataifa mwaka 1960 na nchi kama Austria na Switzerland kwenye utunzaji wa ziwa Constance dhidi ya uchafuzi. Hivyo hili linawezekana vizuri tu. Lakini kubwa na muhimu ni kwamba siku hizi hatutumii, The Monte-Video Convention 1933, peke yake kupima uwezo wa eneo linalojitawala kuwa dola, bali tunatumia, The Badinter Principles ambazo ziliandialiwa na European Union kwenye kuzitambua nchi huru zilizojitoa kwenye shirikisho la Yugoslavia.

Pili, kutumia sheria ya mikataba "The Law of Contract Act" kupinga mkataba wa kimataifa. Haya ni makosa makubwa mno. Mikataba yote ya kimataifa hutafasiriwa na kusomwa chini ya The Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, 1969. Bahati mbaya kwenye ile kesi, hii sheria haikutumika, wala mawakili wa serikali hawakuitumia na sifahamu kama hata Jaji Ndunguru naye kaitumia. Kama hajautumia huu mkataba kwenye kuhukumu hii kesi, basi binafsi nasema, Hiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii Bagosha (In Magu's Voice).

The Law of Contract Act, ingetumika endapo tu kama Tanzania/TPA ingekuwa imeshasaini HGA na DP-World. Maana, HGA ndiyo mkataba (A Contract/Concession/International Commercial Contract), bali IGA ni mkataba wa kimataifa (A Treaty). Japo, hata hapa kuna mianya mingi tu, ambayo mawakili wangeweza kupenya endapo wangepewa muda zaidi wa kujipanga.

Tatu, Jaji Ndunguru, Mawakili wa Serikali na Mawakili wetu kuna kitu muhimu kimewapita ambacho kama wangesoma vizuri, The Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties 1969, wangeweza kuutupilia mbali kabisa huu mkataba wa DP-World. Nchi jirani ya Kenya mwaka 2000-2001 waliweza kutupilia mbali kabisa mkataba wa kimataifa ambao ulizua taharuki kama hapa kwetu. Nadhani hili likifanyika na hapa kwetu, sijui serikali itaweka wapi uso wake.

Anyway,

Mambo ni mengi, na huyo wakili wako unayemsifia hapa naye kapuyanga vibaya. Wakina Mwabukusi walikuwa na baadhi ya hoja nzuri sana, sema tu hawakuziwakilisha vizuri mbele ya mahakama.

Asante sana mkuu....nimekuelewa sana.

MAKULUGA · Aug 10, 2023

comte said:
Wakili wa serikali Mulwambo ametoa somo kwa wanasheria na watu wengine kuwa kwa vile IGA ni makubaliano ya kimataifa kiitifaki inapaswa kuangaliwa dhidi ya katiba ya Tanzania na siyo kupitia sheria za Tanzania

He implored the Court to place the IGA on one hand and the Constitution on the other, as opposed to placing the IGA on one hand and laws and processes on the other hand. Learned counsel urged the Court to exercise restraint in deciding whether the IGA conflicts with the laws. At the end of the day, he argued, the expected word from the Court is whether the IGA contravenes the provisions of the Constitution

Mulambwo..!?!? Ngoja kwanza ni 😁😁😁😁😁😁😂😂😂😂😂

comte · Aug 10, 2023

Lookmalasin said:
Silly arguments, utetezi wa kitoto.

Mkuu mbona unakuja na lugha za ajabu, huu mjadala hautyaki mihemuko ila tunaelimishana na tulikuwa tunaenda vizuri bila maneno makali kama unayoyatumia- samahani kama nimekukwaza

comte · Aug 10, 2023

The Boy Wonder said:
Hebu tusaidiane katika hili ili tusiwachanganye watanzania:

Mosi, kipengele gani cha IGA kinasema wataenda kwenye mahakama za uwekezaji, ???

Pili, nani anatakiwa kwenda kupeleka kesi kwenye hizo mahakama za kimataifa, ???

Tatu, Hivi kwenye hizo mahakama za kimataifa za uwekezaji nchi inaweza kuishitaki nchi, ???

NB: Tukiweza kujibu hapa tutakuwa tumejenga msingi mzuri kabisa wa mjadala wetu wa sheria.

Kwa uelewa wangu mpaka sasa hivi ninadhani kwa kutumia IGA tu hakuna kesi inaweza kufunguliwa kokote kukitokea chochote na yeyote kati ya Tanzania na Dubai

MALCOM LUMUMBA · Aug 10, 2023

comte said:
Mkuu, Mahakama imekubaliana na hoja za Mulwambo pamoja na masahihisho uliyofanya kwamba sheria katiba na sheria sheria (Municipal laws hazina) bearing yoyote kwenye IGA
Hukumu uk. 56 wanasema:
Overall, we are settled in our view that, since the parties were competent and with capacity to enter into trade and investment cooperation agreement, the signing of the IGA was not shrouded in any irregularity whichwould render it invalid or illegal. We are also settled in our minds that IGA is an international agreement whose oversight framework is not the LCA. We conclude that, to the extent this is not a normal contract, section 25 of the LCA is, in the circumstances of this case, immaterial.

Mkuu Comte, haya nayaelewa na nimeshayaandika kule juu kwenye mchango wangu wa kwanza kabisa. Sijui kama uliusoma vizuri. Nimezungumzia suala zima la CAPACITY OF PARTIES and STATUS OF AN AGREEMENT. Nachokisema mimi ni hiki, kama wanasheria wetu, akiwemo Jaji hawajatumia, Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties 1969, basi kuna shida kubwa mno.

Yote tisa, huwezi kutumia sheria za ndani kuvunja mkataba wa kimataifa hasahasa ndani ya nchi inayotumia mfumo wa LEGAL DUALISM kama Tanzania. Kumekuwa na walakini mkubwa linapokuja suala la kuamua kesi zenye chembe za sheria za kimataifa. Mfano halisi, hata kesi ya Hamisi Machano ya uhaini, ilikuwa na makosa mengi mnoo.

MALCOM LUMUMBA · Aug 10, 2023

Bejamini Netanyahu said:
Ni lini Tanzania ilishinda kwenye mahakama za nje?

Tanzania huwa inawakilishwa na nani kwenye mahakama za kimataifa, ???

comte · Aug 10, 2023

The Boy Wonder said:
Mkuu Comte, haya nayaelewa na nimeshayaandika kule juu kwenye mchango wangu wa kwanza kabisa. Sijui kama uliusoma vizuri. Nimezungumzia suala zima la CAPACITY OF PARTIES and STATUS OF AN AGREEMENT. Nachokisema mimi ni hiki, kama wanasheria wetu, akiwemo Jaji hawajatumia, Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties 1969, basi kuna shida kubwa mno.

Yote tisa, huwezi kutumia sheria za ndani kuvunja mkataba wa kimataifa hasahasa ndani ya nchi inayotumia mfumo wa LEGAL DUALISM kama Tanzania. Kumekuwa na walakini mkubwa linapokuja suala la kuamua kesi zenye chembe za sheria za kimataifa. Mfano halisi, hata kesi ya Hamisi Machano ya uhaini, ilikuwa na makosa mengi mnoo.

Ninakuelewa mkuu na ninapata mwanga mkubwa onaoimarisha hoja yangu kuwa wanasheria wetu wakipata mhuri tu wanakaa bila kusoma wanaanza kufukuzana na hela huku wakiacha mlango wa taaluma na weledi wazi. Hili suala la IGA limewaumbuwa sana

MALCOM LUMUMBA · Aug 10, 2023

comte said:
Kwa uelewa wangu mpaka sasa hivi ninadhani kwa kutumia IGA tu hakuna kesi inaweza kufunguliwa kokote kukitokea chochote na yeyote kati ya Tanzania na Dubai

Hapana siyo kweli, siyo kweli hata kidogo, tena ondoka kabisa huu uelewa.

Nimesema mwanzoni kabisa, Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties 1969, ndiyo sheria inayosimamia tafasiri ya mikataba yote ya kimataifa. Mle ndani wanatoa mambo kama:

1. Maana ya mkataba wa kimataifa (Meaning of a Treaty)
2. Aina ya mikataba ya kimataifa (Types or Forms of International Treaties)
3. Wahusika wa mikataba (Subjects of International Law Capable of Making Treaties)
4. Vipengele muhimu vya mkataba (Elements and Contents of a Treaty)
5. Jinsi ya kurekebisha mikataba ya kimataifa (Modification and Amendment of Treaties)
6. Jinsi ya kuvunja mikataba ya kimataifa (Termination of International Treaties)
7. Jinsi ya kumuwajibisha mvunja mikataba (Remedies or Redress for Breach of Treaties)

Tatizo letu kubwa wanasheria wa Tanzania ni kwamba tunaliendesha hili suala kwa kukomoana, ulaghai na ushabiki. Hata msomi wa sheria kiwango cha PhD, Dr Tulia Ackson aliliongopea bunge vibaya kusema nchi imengia makubaliano siyo mkataba. Huwa nashangaa sana kwanini mpaka leo hajawajibishwa hata na wana CCM wenzake walio makini.

Benjamini Netanyahu · Aug 10, 2023

The Boy Wonder said:
Tanzania huwa inawakilishwa na nani kwenye mahakama za kimataifa, ???

Si hawa hawa wanasheria wanaoshinda kwenye hizi mahakama za ndani

Benjamini Netanyahu · Aug 10, 2023

The Boy Wonder said:
Hapana siyo kweli, siyo kweli hata kidogo, tena ondoka kabisa huu uelewa.

Nimesema mwanzoni kabisa, Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties 1969, ndiyo sheria inayosimamia tafasiri ya mikataba yote ya kimataifa. Mle ndani wanatoa mambo kama:

1. Maana ya mkataba wa kimataifa (Meaning of a Treaty)
2. Aina ya mikataba ya kimataifa (Types or Forms of International Treaties)
3. Wahusika wa mikataba (Subjects of International Law Capable of Making Treaties)
4. Vipengele muhimu vya mkataba (Elements and Contents of a Treaty)
5. Jinsi ya kurekebisha mikataba ya kimataifa (Modification and Amendment of Treaties)
6. Jinsi ya kuvunja mikataba ya kimataifa (Termination of International Treaties)
7. Jinsi ya kumuwajibisha mvunja mikataba (Remedies or Redress for Breach of Treaties)

Tatizo letu kubwa wanasheria wa Tanzania ni kwamba tunaliendesha hili suala kwa kukomoana, ulaghai na ushabiki. Hata msomi wa sheria kiwango cha PhD, Dr Tulia Ackson aliliongopea bunge vibaya kusema nchi imengia makubaliano siyo mkataba. Huwa nashangaa sana kwanini mpaka leo hajawajibishwa hata na wana CCM wenzake walio makini.

Nitakuwa mtu wa mwisho kuamini huyu ajuza amewahi kuusoma huo mkataba achilia mbali kuuona

Renegade · Aug 10, 2023

comte said:
Wakili wa serikali Mulwambo ametoa somo kwa wanasheria na watu wengine kuwa kwa vile IGA ni makubaliano ya kimataifa kiitifaki inapaswa kuangaliwa dhidi ya katiba ya Tanzania na siyo kupitia sheria za Tanzania

He implored the Court to place the IGA on one hand and the Constitution on the other, as opposed to placing the IGA on one hand and laws and processes on the other hand. Learned counsel urged the Court to exercise restraint in deciding whether the IGA conflicts with the laws. At the end of the day, he argued, the expected word from the Court is whether the IGA contravenes the provisions of the Constitution

Huyu wakili naye ni mjinga tu, hao walioingia IGA wanajua kabisa kuwa haiendani na sheria za Tanzania na wala huwezi kuipinga kwa sheria zetu, sasa kwanini wanakubali kuingia mkataba wa kipumbavu against the law? kwanini walikubalia na kusaini, ni kama vile unajua kabisa kwamba nikiingia shimoni sitoki halafu unakimbilia!!!!
Wanasheria Mwabukusi etal wamepinga kuwa IGA iko against na katiba na bado Majaji wameshindwa kuwaelewa! Unategemea wanasheria uchwala kama huyo wakili wataelewa?

MALCOM LUMUMBA · Aug 10, 2023

comte said:
Ninakuelewa mkuu na ninapata mwanga mkubwa onaoimarisha hoja yangu kuwa wanasheria wetu wakipata mhuri tu wanakaa bila kusoma wanaanza kufukuzana na hela huku wakiacha mlango wa taaluma na weledi wazi. Hili suala la IGA limewaumbuwa sana

Mkuu unaposema kuhusu wanasheria wetu, usiwabagaze na kuwatukana wakina Mwabukusi ambao wametimiza wajibu wao kisheria. Ndiyo kuna vitu wamevikosea, ila hili haliondoi ukweli kwamba huu mkataba una matatizo mengi makubwa. Msomi wetu wa kiwango cha PhD, Dr. Tulia Ackson naye alikosea kwa kuliongopea bunge na dunia mchana kweupe baada ya kusema kwamba, nchi imesaini "Makubaliano" siyo "Mkataba".

Chini ya sheria za kimataifa, makubaliano baina ya nchi mbili (Formal Agreement between states) ndiyo mkataba wenyewe huo. Ila msomi wetu hili likampita na akaendelea kuingia kwenye jopo la kusutana badala ya kutafuta suluhus. Bwana Comte hebu nikupashe kidogo kuhusu sheria za kimataifa:

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Mwaka 1993, kulikuwa na kesi kubwa sana kule mahakama ya dunia (The International Court of Justice- ICJ) ambapo Qatar alimshitaki Bahrain. Chanzo kilikuwa kama hichi alichokisema Dr Tulia kwamba tumesaini "Makubaliano" siyo "Mkataba". Iko hivi, Qatar na Bahrain walikuwa wanagombaniana mpaka wa bahari. Miaka ya 1986 na 1990 walifanya usuluhishi chini ya usimamazi wa Saudi-Arabia.

Kikao cha mwaka 1986 kilisema wazi kabisa kwamba, endapo makubaliano haya hayatafanikiwa basi kesi hii itapelekwa kwenye mahakama ya dunia. Kweli yale makubaliano hayakufanikiwa na Qatar akapeleka kesi kule ICJ. Bahrain aliweka pingamizi la awali (Pleriminary Objection) kwamba yale aliyoyasaini yalikuwa ni "makubaliano tu" siyo "mkataba". Mahakama ilikataa hili pingamizi na kusema kwamba, hata muhtasari wa vikao halali baina ya nchi (Minutes of formal meetings between states) unaweza kuwa ni mkataba wa kimataifa endapo tu, mle ndani kuna maazimio yanayonekana.

Lakini pia hata lugha iliyotumika inasadifu kwamba Bahrain alikuwa na lengo la kufanya makubaliano ya kimataifa. Hivyo ICJ ikampa ushindi Qatar na ikala kwa Bahrain. Hili ndilo ambalo linaikuta nchi yetu kwa kuwa na wanasheria kama Dr. Tulia Ackson ambao mbali na kutofahamu sheria za kimataifa, amekataa kabisa kujiongeza na kukubali kushaurika. Usiwatukane tu wakina Mwabukusi, waangalie hata wakina Dr. Tulia, Johari na wengine ambao wameingizwa chaka kwenye mambo mengi mno kuhusu huu mkataba.

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NB: Wote huwa tunakosea, ambaye hakosei ni JEHOVA TU ambaye ndiyo anafahamu kila kitu. Tatizo linakuja pale ambapo hatukubali ukweli kwamba kuna baadhi ya mambo hatufahamu hivyo ni lazima tukubali kujifunza, tukubali kupokea ushauri, na tukubali kusikiliza malalamiko ya wananchi. Shida ni kwamba watu kama, Dr.Tulia Ackson, Advocate Johari na hata kaka yangu na ndugu yangu, Dr. Eliezer Mbuki, wamekataa kusikiliza na wanaamini wako sahihi ilhali mkataba una matatizo lukuki. Hili haliko sawa hata kidogo...

MALCOM LUMUMBA · Aug 10, 2023

Bejamini Netanyahu said:
Si hawa hawa wanasheria wanaoshinda kwenye hizi mahakama za ndani

Mkuu, hebu acha mzaha, tunafanya mijadala muhimu kuhusu uhai wa taifa.

Rasbamba · Aug 10, 2023

The Boy Wonder said:
Hata hili nalo lina walakini mkubwa. Hata katiba ya nchi nayo ni sheria kama sheria nyingine, sema tu ni sheria mama (The Mother-Law). Kiutaratibu, mikataba ya kimataifa huwa haivunjwi kupitia mahakama za ndani, kama ingakuwa inafanyika hivyo basi, mikataba mingi sana ya kimataifa ingekuwa inavunjwa kwa hila au ujanja pale ambapo nchi inahisi kubanwa.

Chini ya sheria za kimataifa za mikataba, kuna kanuni kongwe sana iitwayo "Pacta-Sunt-Servanda", ambayo hutaka nchi ziheshimu makubaliano iliyoyaingia bila ujanja-ujanja mwingine. Tukisema tunatumia mahakama za ndani kuvunja mikataba ya kimataifa basi tutakuwa tunaweka mwanya wa nchi kuvunja hii kanuni ya "Pacta-Sunt-Servanda"

Upande mwingine, Customary International Law, inasema dhahiri kwamba, suala zima la kusaini mikataba liko chini ya mamlaka ya serikali. AU, signing international treaties, falls within the prerogative of the executive. Hivyo bunge linapewa mamlaka ya kuridhia tu (Endorsing), kama mbinu ya ushirikishwaji wa wananchi, ila utiaji sahihi wa mikataba ni suala la serikali (The Executive). Ukishafahamu hili, utatambua kwamba mahakama haina uwezo wa kuvunja mikataba ya kimataifa kwasababu mamlaka yake ni ndani ya nchi tu.

Kesi za kikatiba za Rev. Christopher Mtikila, za miaka ya 90's ziliweka hizi kanuni wazi kabisa, kwamba kuna baadhi ya mambo siyo ya mahakama bali mihimili mingine. Hivyo mahakama inachoweza kufanya ni kutangaza haki na wajibu wa wahusika (Declaration of Rights) na kulishauri bunge lifanya mabadiliko muhimu. Hili niliongea majuzi na ndugu yangu Kalamu lakini nadhani hatukuelewana vizuri.

=============================================================
Sasa nirudi kwenye kesi na makosa niliyoyaona mwanzoni kabisa katika hoja tano ambazo mawakili wetu wasomi hawakuziangalia vizuri. Hata binafsi, nilishangaa kwanini mawakili wa serikali nao hawakuzizingatia vizuri hasahasa, Pre-Trail Conference (PTC):

Mosi, hoja ya kwamba Dubai siyo nchi hivyo haiwezi kusaini mikataba ya kimataifa. Wakili Mwabukusi alitumia mkataba wa kimataifa uitwao, The Monte-Video Convention, 1933 ambao unatoa vigezo vya sehemu kuitwa nchi. Hili ukiliangalia katika upande mmoja unaweza ukahisi ni sahihi, lakini katika mapana yake, lina walakini mkubwa.

Prof Hersch Lauterpatch aliandika mwaka 1958 kwenye chapisho la The International Law Commission (ILC), Commentary on International Treaties, kwamba "Treaties signed and entered by composition states/composite states, are treaties in the ordinary meaning of treaties entered by states"

Ukizingatia, State-Practice, hili linafanyika sana hapa duniani. Madola madogo (Composite States) ndani ya muungano au shirikisho huruhusiwa kusaini mikataba ya kimataifa chini ya udhamini wa dola kubwa. Mfano, Katiba ya Shirikisho la Ujerumani, chini ya Ibara ya 32 (3) inasema hivi "In so far as the Lander have power to legislate, they may, with the consent of the Federal Government, conclude treaties with foreign states"

Hichi kipengele ndicho kililipa ruhusa jimbo la Bavaria la Ujerumani Magharibi, kuingia makubaliano ya kimataifa mwaka 1960 na nchi kama Austria na Switzerland kwenye utunzaji wa ziwa Constance dhidi ya uchafuzi. Hivyo hili linawezekana vizuri tu. Lakini kubwa na muhimu ni kwamba siku hizi hatutumii, The Monte-Video Convention 1933, peke yake kupima uwezo wa eneo linalojitawala kuwa dola, bali tunatumia, The Badinter Principles ambazo ziliandialiwa na European Union kwenye kuzitambua nchi huru zilizojitoa kwenye shirikisho la Yugoslavia.

Pili, kutumia sheria ya mikataba "The Law of Contract Act" kupinga mkataba wa kimataifa. Haya ni makosa makubwa mno. Mikataba yote ya kimataifa hutafasiriwa na kusomwa chini ya The Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, 1969. Bahati mbaya kwenye ile kesi, hii sheria haikutumika, wala mawakili wa serikali hawakuitumia na sifahamu kama hata Jaji Ndunguru naye kaitumia. Kama hajautumia huu mkataba kwenye kuhukumu hii kesi, basi binafsi nasema, Hiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii Bagosha (In Magu's Voice).

The Law of Contract Act, ingetumika endapo tu kama Tanzania/TPA ingekuwa imeshasaini HGA na DP-World. Maana, HGA ndiyo mkataba (A Contract/Concession/International Commercial Contract), bali IGA ni mkataba wa kimataifa (A Treaty). Japo, hata hapa kuna mianya mingi tu, ambayo mawakili wangeweza kupenya endapo wangepewa muda zaidi wa kujipanga.

Tatu, Jaji Ndunguru, Mawakili wa Serikali na Mawakili wetu kuna kitu muhimu kimewapita ambacho kama wangesoma vizuri, The Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties 1969, wangeweza kuutupilia mbali kabisa huu mkataba wa DP-World. Nchi jirani ya Kenya mwaka 2000-2001 waliweza kutupilia mbali kabisa mkataba wa kimataifa ambao ulizua taharuki kama hapa kwetu. Nadhani hili likifanyika na hapa kwetu, sijui serikali itaweka wapi uso wake.

Anyway,

Mambo ni mengi, na huyo wakili wako unayemsifia hapa naye kapuyanga vibaya. Wakina Mwabukusi walikuwa na baadhi ya hoja nzuri sana, sema tu hawakuziwakilisha vizuri mbele ya mahakama.

Kumlaumu Mwabukusi ni kumuonea huwezi kujieleza vizuri wakati unapisha makombora He is being dogging bullets and you expect him to perform comfortably??!! His being living in fear and threat this is not a fair way of getting justice We salute his efforts and hopefully 🙏🏿 justice will prevail someday in Tanzania

Renegade · Aug 10, 2023

The Boy Wonder said:
Mkuu, mimi siyo mshauri wa serikali ya Tanzania, ninyi fanyeni tafiti mtapata majawabu yote.

Ila fahamu kwamba Kenya ndiyo nchi pekee ya kwanza hapa barani Africa kuweza kuyashinda haya mabeberu kutumia sheria, ikifuatiwa na nchi ya Ghana. Wanasheria wa hizi nchi mbili wamefanya makubwa mno kwa nchi zao, naamini mawakili wetu wana kikubwa cha kujifunza.

Tatizo hapa kulikuwa na pande mbili zinazokinzana, hapa kula upande ulikuwa na maslahi yake, Lakini hata hivyo nampongeza Mwabukusi na wenzake kwa kuthubutu.

Rasbamba · Aug 10, 2023

The Boy Wonder said:
Mkuu Comte, haya nayaelewa na nimeshayaandika kule juu kwenye mchango wangu wa kwanza kabisa. Sijui kama uliusoma vizuri. Nimezungumzia suala zima la CAPACITY OF PARTIES and STATUS OF AN AGREEMENT. Nachokisema mimi ni hiki, kama wanasheria wetu, akiwemo Jaji hawajatumia, Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties 1969, basi kuna shida kubwa mno.

Yote tisa, huwezi kutumia sheria za ndani kuvunja mkataba wa kimataifa hasahasa ndani ya nchi inayotumia mfumo wa LEGAL DUALISM kama Tanzania. Kumekuwa na walakini mkubwa linapokuja suala la kuamua kesi zenye chembe za sheria za kimataifa. Mfano halisi, hata kesi ya Hamisi Machano ya uhaini, ilikuwa na makosa mengi mnoo.

Ndio sababu Tanzania itabidi ifute BIT zote ili waweze kuanza upya swali ni je UAE ina BIT na Tanzania? Kama jibu ni ndio kwa nini hawakutumia BIT ambayo its recognize kwenye Viena convertion?? Hapa naomba elimu

MALCOM LUMUMBA · Aug 10, 2023

Renegade said:
Tatizo hapa kulikuwa na pande mbili zinazokinzana, hapa kula upande ulikuwa na maslahi yake, Lakini hata hivyo nampongeza Mwabukusi na wenzake kwa kuthubutu.

Hata mimi nimefurahishwa sana na hichi walichokifanya ndugu zangu wakina Advocate Mwabukusi na jopo lake. Wamesema wanakata rufaa, nadhani kwenye mahakama ya rufani hata kama hawatavunja mkataba, kuna kitu muhimu ambacho mahakama inaweza kulishauri bunge likifanye au kukizingatia. Mahakama za Tanzania zishawahi kufanya hivi huko nyuma, kwa kulishauri bunge lipitie tena baadhi ya sheria ambazo zina ukakasi.

ChoiceVariable · Aug 10, 2023

The Boy Wonder said:
Hata hili nalo lina walakini mkubwa. Hata katiba ya nchi nayo ni sheria kama sheria nyingine, sema tu ni sheria mama (The Mother-Law). Kiutaratibu, mikataba ya kimataifa huwa haivunjwi kupitia mahakama za ndani, kama ingakuwa inafanyika hivyo basi, mikataba mingi sana ya kimataifa ingekuwa inavunjwa kwa hila au ujanja pale ambapo nchi inahisi kubanwa.

Chini ya sheria za kimataifa za mikataba, kuna kanuni kongwe sana iitwayo "Pacta-Sunt-Servanda", ambayo hutaka nchi ziheshimu makubaliano iliyoyaingia bila ujanja-ujanja mwingine. Tukisema tunatumia mahakama za ndani kuvunja mikataba ya kimataifa basi tutakuwa tunaweka mwanya wa nchi kuvunja hii kanuni ya "Pacta-Sunt-Servanda"

Upande mwingine, Customary International Law, inasema dhahiri kwamba, suala zima la kusaini mikataba liko chini ya mamlaka ya serikali. AU, signing international treaties, falls within the prerogative of the executive. Hivyo bunge linapewa mamlaka ya kuridhia tu (Endorsing), kama mbinu ya ushirikishwaji wa wananchi, ila utiaji sahihi wa mikataba ni suala la serikali (The Executive). Ukishafahamu hili, utatambua kwamba mahakama haina uwezo wa kuvunja mikataba ya kimataifa kwasababu mamlaka yake ni ndani ya nchi tu.

Kesi za kikatiba za Rev. Christopher Mtikila, za miaka ya 90's ziliweka hizi kanuni wazi kabisa, kwamba kuna baadhi ya mambo siyo ya mahakama bali mihimili mingine. Hivyo mahakama inachoweza kufanya ni kutangaza haki na wajibu wa wahusika (Declaration of Rights) na kulishauri bunge lifanya mabadiliko muhimu. Hili niliongea majuzi na ndugu yangu Kalamu lakini nadhani hatukuelewana vizuri.

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Sasa nirudi kwenye kesi na makosa niliyoyaona mwanzoni kabisa katika hoja tano ambazo mawakili wetu wasomi hawakuziangalia vizuri. Hata binafsi, nilishangaa kwanini mawakili wa serikali nao hawakuzizingatia vizuri hasahasa, Pre-Trail Conference (PTC):

Mosi, hoja ya kwamba Dubai siyo nchi hivyo haiwezi kusaini mikataba ya kimataifa. Wakili Mwabukusi alitumia mkataba wa kimataifa uitwao, The Monte-Video Convention, 1933 ambao unatoa vigezo vya sehemu kuitwa nchi. Hili ukiliangalia katika upande mmoja unaweza ukahisi ni sahihi, lakini katika mapana yake, lina walakini mkubwa.

Prof Hersch Lauterpatch aliandika mwaka 1958 kwenye chapisho la The International Law Commission (ILC), Commentary on International Treaties, kwamba "Treaties signed and entered by composition states/composite states, are treaties in the ordinary meaning of treaties entered by states"

Ukizingatia, State-Practice, hili linafanyika sana hapa duniani. Madola madogo (Composite States) ndani ya muungano au shirikisho huruhusiwa kusaini mikataba ya kimataifa chini ya udhamini wa dola kubwa. Mfano, Katiba ya Shirikisho la Ujerumani, chini ya Ibara ya 32 (3) inasema hivi "In so far as the Lander have power to legislate, they may, with the consent of the Federal Government, conclude treaties with foreign states"

Hichi kipengele ndicho kililipa ruhusa jimbo la Bavaria la Ujerumani Magharibi, kuingia makubaliano ya kimataifa mwaka 1960 na nchi kama Austria na Switzerland kwenye utunzaji wa ziwa Constance dhidi ya uchafuzi. Hivyo hili linawezekana vizuri tu. Lakini kubwa na muhimu ni kwamba siku hizi hatutumii, The Monte-Video Convention 1933, peke yake kupima uwezo wa eneo linalojitawala kuwa dola, bali tunatumia, The Badinter Principles ambazo ziliandialiwa na European Union kwenye kuzitambua nchi huru zilizojitoa kwenye shirikisho la Yugoslavia.

Pili, kutumia sheria ya mikataba "The Law of Contract Act" kupinga mkataba wa kimataifa. Haya ni makosa makubwa mno. Mikataba yote ya kimataifa hutafasiriwa na kusomwa chini ya The Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, 1969. Bahati mbaya kwenye ile kesi, hii sheria haikutumika, wala mawakili wa serikali hawakuitumia na sifahamu kama hata Jaji Ndunguru naye kaitumia. Kama hajautumia huu mkataba kwenye kuhukumu hii kesi, basi binafsi nasema, Hiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii Bagosha (In Magu's Voice).

The Law of Contract Act, ingetumika endapo tu kama Tanzania/TPA ingekuwa imeshasaini HGA na DP-World. Maana, HGA ndiyo mkataba (A Contract/Concession/International Commercial Contract), bali IGA ni mkataba wa kimataifa (A Treaty). Japo, hata hapa kuna mianya mingi tu, ambayo mawakili wangeweza kupenya endapo wangepewa muda zaidi wa kujipanga.

Tatu, Jaji Ndunguru, Mawakili wa Serikali na Mawakili wetu kuna kitu muhimu kimewapita ambacho kama wangesoma vizuri, The Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties 1969, wangeweza kuutupilia mbali kabisa huu mkataba wa DP-World. Nchi jirani ya Kenya mwaka 2000-2001 waliweza kutupilia mbali kabisa mkataba wa kimataifa ambao ulizua taharuki kama hapa kwetu. Nadhani hili likifanyika na hapa kwetu, sijui serikali itaweka wapi uso wake.

Anyway,

Mambo ni mengi, na huyo wakili wako unayemsifia hapa naye kapuyanga vibaya. Wakina Mwabukusi walikuwa na baadhi ya hoja nzuri sana, sema tu hawakuziwakilisha vizuri mbele ya mahakama.

Sasa wanaokata Rufaa watakata Rufaa Ili wakasemaje tena maana uamuzi wa Majaji utakuwa huu huu.

Wao wangesubiria mikataba ya utekelezwaji ndio washitaki Mahakamani Kwa maana Mahakamani inaweza Amua vinginevyo na sio IGA.

ChoiceVariable · Aug 10, 2023

The Boy Wonder said:
Hata mimi nimefurahishwa sana na hichi walichokifanya ndugu zangu wakina Advocate Mwabukusi na jopo lake. Wamesema wanakata rufaa, nadhani kwenye mahakama ya rufani hata kama hawatavunja mkataba, kuna kitu muhimu ambacho mahakama inaweza kulishauri bunge likifanye au kukizingatia. Mahakama za Tanzania zishawahi kufanya hivi huko nyuma, kwa kulishauri bunge lipitie tena baadhi ya sheria ambazo zina ukakasi.

Kipi!? Kumbuka hizo ni sheria za Kimataifa Zenye msingi wa Kimataifa,hakuna kitu Bunge litafanya unless Kwa sababu wamesha endorse.

Wangeenda Mahakamani mapema Kuzuia endorsement ya Bunge Ili zile sections zinazoleta ukakasiri zikajadiliwe upya n Executive na kazi hii ingefanywa na Kamati za Bunge kuishauru Serikali mapema kabisa kinyume na hapo ni kupoteza mda

MALCOM LUMUMBA · Aug 10, 2023

Rasbamba said:
Ndio sababu Tanzania itabidi ifute BIT zote ili waweze kuanza upya swali ni je UAE ina BIT na Tanzania? Kama jibu ni ndio kwa nini hawakutumia BIT ambayo its recognize kwenye Viena convertion?? Hapa naomba elimu

Tanzania ina BIT 21 mpaka sasa. UAE na Tanzania hatuna BIT ndiyo maana tumesaini IGA ambayo imetohoa vipengele vingi kwenye sheria ya uwekezaji. Naamini BIT itakuwa nzuri zaidi kwasababu haitakuwa ni mkataba wa upande mmoja tu, (Duty to Tanzania, Rights to Dubai). Despite their pitfall, BITs are mutual and reciprocal to say the least.

Mwarabu amefanya hivi maksudi akifahamu kabisa endapo atasaini BIT na Tanzania, basi wananchi wa Tanzania watakuwa na haki kubwa sana kwenda kuwekeza sehemu yoyote ndani ya UAE ikiwemo Dubai. Hii ndiyo tunaita akili kumkichwa.

Wakili Serikali Mulwambo: Mantiki sahihi ni kuingalia IGA dhidi ya katiba ya Tanzania na siyo sheria za Tanzania

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