Zakumi,
Alichofanya Nyerere ni kuunganisha pamoja juhudi zote za kupigania uhuru kote nchini chini ya TANU. That was no small feat, Karl Peters notwithstanding.
Zakumi,Mimi historia ya Tanzania sijuhi vizuri lakini naichambua kwa vigezo vyangu.
Historia ya nchi nyingi za kiafrika zimepikwa na kuwakuza watu pale isivyo. Nyerere amechukua uongozi wa TAA akiwa na miaka 31 au 32. Ndio kwanza amerudi na hajajijenga. Na zaidi ya hapo alikuwa na familia changa.
Ukichukua umri aliyokuwa nayo na mazingira ya wakati utaona kuwa historia ya Tanzania nayo imepikwa.
Ukienda upande wa Kaskazini ya Tanzania, watu wa mwanzo kuanzisha chama cha ushirika barani Africa, utaona kuwa Tanzania haikusubiri mpaka TANU ianze ili wadai uhuru wao.
Vilevile mapambano ya kudai uhuru Tanganyika yanakuwa Exaggerated. Mwingereza hakuwa na faida yoyote ya kukaa Tanganyika.
Hizo point zote ulizoongea, are you trying to discredit that Nyerere ni katika "Watu Muhimu ktk Historia ya Nchi yetu?".
Umeongelea kuwa Nyerere admired Sykes and this other guy admired Nyerere, sasa sielewi, unataka kusema Nyerere ali-exploit wema wa hawa watu wa - Pwani; au siyo kuwa hawa watu - Wa-Pwani (Dalisalamu) walikuwa na expectation kubwa mno baada ya Uhuru. Ulivyoongea hapo juu inaonekana kuwa Nyerere alifanya dhuluma kubwa sana kwa baadhi ya watu wa Dalialamu na itikadi zao hasa wale WaIslamu, huoni kuwa, inawezekna kuwa Nyie pamoja na wewe mlikuwa minority on those people who were in struggle for the liberation of the motherland.
How can Mr. Nyerere alone triumph to such higher stage and have such powers without the majority at the core?
-bwa haa haa ha huko ndiko ulikotaka kufika toka mwanzo ulikuwa unapinda pinda kona.......hii thread ni nzuri sana ila mkiendelea kuingiza mambo kama haya tutabishana na mwishowe itahamishiwa kwa akina x-paster na maxshimba....Na unaambiwa kwenye hotuba ya kuaga yenye kuhuzunisha ambayo Nyerere aliitoa tarehe 1985 kwa Wazee wa Dar es Salaam, kikundi cha Waislamu pekee wakazi wa mjini waliomuunga mkono tangu kuundwa kwa TANU, Nyerere aliwaambia wasikilizaji wake kwamba ilikuwa Kasella Bantu aliyemtambulisha yeye Nyerere kwa Abdulwahid.
sawa kabisa......Nawaelezeni haya kwa sababu huko tulikotoka, tulishikamana sana. Tulishirikiana sana na wazee.
Hotuba mnayoizungumzia nimeipata toka kwa jamaa wa Tanzania Daima.
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Katika kumuenzi Baba wa Taifa, leo tunawachapishia moja ya hotiba zake zilizowakuna wengi. Hii ni sehemu ya hotuba ya Julius Nyerere alipokutana na Baraza la Wazee wa Dar es Salaam, kuagana nao kabla hajastaafu urais. Ilichapishwa kwa mara ya kwanza katika gazeti la Radi, Toleo Na. 2 la mwaka 1986 lililokuwa likimilikiwa na Ndimara Tegambwage. Gazeti hili lilifutwa na serikali kwa madai kuwa lilikuwa halitoki kwa muda mrefu Mhariri Tanzania Daima.
MIMI nimeanza siasa na wazee wa Dar es Salaam; na wazee wa Tanzania. Nimeanza nao mapema sana; mapema kweli. Nilirudi kutoka masomoni, Uingereza Oktoba 1952 miaka 33 nyuma. Wakati huo nikiwa kijana mdogo wa miaka thelathini na kidogo hivi.
Niliporudi nikakubaliana na wamisionari hapo Pugu (sekondari), nifundishe shuleni kwao. Lakini nikiwa shuleni Chuo Kikuu nilijua. Niliishaamua kwamba maisha yangu yatakuwa ya siasa. Niliamua hivyo: Nitafundisha kwa muda wa miaka mitatu, nione hali inavyokwenda na kuzoeana na wenzangu kabla ya kuanza maisha ya siasa.
Niliporejea nchini hapo Oktoba, nikaenda Butiama. Januari nikarudi Dar es Salaam. Nikaanza kazi. Nikataka kujua habari za African Association. Mzee Mwangosi anakumbuka. Yeye ndiye aliniambia habari za African Association. Aliisha niambia habari hizo tangu nikiwa Makerere Chuo Kikuu nikiwa mwanafunzi.
Pale, mimi na wanafunzi wenzangu tulikuwa tumeanzisha chama kinachoitwa Tanganyika African Welfare Association (TAWA) cha wanafunzi wa Tanganyika; mimi nikiwa katibu wao. Hapa tukaona mambo yanakwenda vizuri kidogo.
Tukaona kwanini TAWA iwe ya wanafunzi peke yao na siyo Tanganyika nzima. Kwa hiyo nikawaandikia baadhi ya watu Tanganyika. Nikasema, jamani ee, tumeanzisha chama, kwanini msianzishe huko matawi ya chama hicho?
Ndugu Mwangosi akapata barua hiyo. Alikuwa miongoni mwa waliopata barua hiyo. Akaniandikia nikiwa Makerere akasema: Wewe kwanini unataka kuanzisha chama kipya? Kipo chama. Kipo Chama cha TAA (Tanganyika African Association).
Kwa hiyo la maana si kuanzisha matawi, maana chama kipo na matawi yameenea; la maana ni kwamba hicho chama chenu mfute, na muanzishe tawi la Tanganyika African Association.
KUVUNJWA KWA TAA
Hivyo ndivyo tulivyofanya. Kwa hiyo mimi nikawa katibu wa katawi ka TAA hapo Makerere. Niliporudi Tabora na kuanza kufundisha pale St. Marys (sasa inaitwa Sekondari ya Milambo), nikachaguliwa katibu wa TAA wa jimbo ambalo makao yake makuu yalikuwa Tabora. Ulipofanyika mkutano wa TAA mjini Dar es Salaam, nilihudhuria nikiwa mjumbe kutoka Tabora.
Kwa hiyo nilikuwa naijua Tanganyika African Association. Nilipokuwa ninaondoka kwenda Ulaya kusoma, nilikuwa nimeishaonja shughuli za TAA. Sasa niliporudi, baada ya kukaa Pugu siku chache, nikaja mjini Dar es Salaam. Nikauliza nani wanaongoza TAA? Nikaambiwa kuna jamaa mmoja anaitwa Abdul Sykes. Sasa ni marehemu. Abdul ndiye alikuwa katibu wakati huo.
Nilipelekwa na Kasela Bantu - ambaye naye aliteleza-teleza na hatunaye hapa (kwenye mkutano). Kasela Bantu alikuwa mwalimu mwenzangu. Tulifundisha pamoja Milambo. Nilipokuja Dar es Salaam, nikakuta anafanya kazi Radio (Tanganyika Broadcasting Corporation). Ni Kasela Bantu aliyenipeleka kwa Sykes.
Wakati huo mambo yalikuwa yanasinzia kidogo. Kwa muda mfupi mwaka ule, tukafufua-fufua, hasa kutoka Januari. Kufika Aprili, TAA ikafufuka. Tukafanya mkutano hapo Anautouglou. Kwenye mkutano huu wakanichagua kuwa rais wao wa TAA.
Ninasema yote haya kwa shukrani kwa wazee. Jamaa hawa walikuwa watu wazima wa Dar es Salaam, na mimi kijana mdogo Mzanaki, na Kiswahili changu si kizuri sana cha matatizo.
Nimekuja, natoka Ulaya, tena masomoni. Muda mfupi tu jamaa hawa wakaniamini haraka sana katika muda wa miezi mitatu. Wakanichagua Rais wa TAA. Hapo ndipo nilianza shughuli mpya ya kuandika katiba ya TAA na kuipa madhumuni hasa ya shabaha ya kuleta uhuru.
Baada ya miezi 13, hapo 1954, tukaanzisha TANU. Jina hili lilipendekezwa na kina Abdul Sykes. Walikuwa wamelifikiria tangu zamani, walipokuwa askari vitani huko Burma (Vita vya Pili).
WAZEE NA MSIMAMO
Miezi minne baada ya kuanza kazi Pugu nikawa ninakuja Dar es Salaam, kwa mguu; kila Jumamosi. Baadaye wazee wakanipa baiskeli nikawa ninakuja mjini kukutana na wenzangu; kufanya mikutano.
Hivyo ndivyo tulivyofanya. Wazee wakaniamini upesi sana. Tukawa na uhusiano mkubwa sana. Wadogo wenzangu wengine walikuwa Abdul Sykes, Abass Sykes (mdogo wake), Dosa Aziz waliokuwa wengi ni wazee.
Katika kuhutubia mikutano yangu, nilikuwa nikisema: Wazee na ndugu zangu! Wazee hasa ndio walikuwa na mikutano ya awali ya TAA na TANU. Walikuwa na msimamo wa hali ya juu kabisa! Hawakuyumba hata kidogo! Vijana walikuwa na mashaka. Wengine walikuwa na vikazi vyao, waliogopa kuvipoteza.
Nalo jambo lenyewe ni la hatari la kuzungumzia uhuru! Unaweza ukakosa kazi; na wapo waliopoteza kazi; wengine wakaacha kazi. Kina Rashid (Kawawa) waliona watoke kwenye shughuli hizo tuje tuungane katika chama.
Wazee wa Dar es Salaam, na baadaye wa nchi nzima, wakatuunga mkono, na kila nilipokwenda, watu wa kwanza walionielewa, walikuwa wazee.
Nilikwenda Songea mwaka 1955 mara baada ya kujiuzulu. Huko wazee walinipokea na kunielewa. Nilianza safari za kuitembelea Tanganyika nzima. Nilikwenda Mbeya. Mkutano wangu niliufanya na wazee; kikundi kidogo cha wazee, ndani ya nyumba ya mtu.
Kwa mkutano huu wa Mbeya, wazee wakauliza: Unatafuta nini? Nikawaambia natafuta uhuru. Wale wazee, kwa sababu ya vita vya Maji Maji, na wanakumbuka, kabisa, wakaona mimi ninatafuta jambo la hatari. Tulifanya mkutano wa makini kweli. Wakauliza: Wewe unawezaje kuleta uhuru? Wewe una njia gani kudai uhuru na usitiwe kitanzi na Waingereza?
WAINGEREZA WAONGO
Tulielezana. Nikawaambia ninyi wazee, Waingereza wanawadanganya, Waingereza wametumwa na ule Umoja wa Mataifa uliokufa (League of Nations), waje kuishika Tanganyika kwa muda tu; watusaidie, na wakati tutakapokuwa tayari, watuachie tukajitawale.
Waingereza wanafanya ujanja; hawasemi. Vita vimekwisha (vya Pili) na Umoja wa Mataifa mwingine mpya (United Nations Organisation UNO) umewakabidhi Tanganyika kwa shabaha ileile. Sisi siyo koloni lao. Wamepewa dhamana tu.
Kwa hiyo nikawaambia wazee, hakuna haja ya kumwaga damu. Tuwaseme tu! Tuwashitaki kwa waliowaleta hapa kwamba hawafanyi kazi yao; wamesahau kabisa!
Wazee wakauliza: Eh, inawezekana? Nikasema inawezekana. Kazi yetu ya kwanza ilikuwa kuwaambia watu kwamba uwezekano wa kujitawala upo. Hilo lilikuwa la kwanza. Wazee walijua maana ya kujitawala. Walitamani kujitawala, lakini hawakujua waanzie wapi.
Vijana hawakuwa na habari kwamba kujitawala kunawezekana. Kwa hiyo kwa wazee sikuwa na matatizo. Wao hawakuwa na kazi; hawakumwogopa Mwingereza. Hawakuogopa kufukuzwa kazi. Baadhi walikuwa wafanyabiashara.
Mzee John Rupia (marehemu) alikuwa mfanyabiashara na kaidi (mkaidi) kidogo. Aliwahi kutishwa na kunyanganywa leseni yake ya biashara. Akaambiwa akiendelea kushirikiana na kijana mwenda wazimu (Julius Nyerere), atanyanganywa leseni moja kwa moja. Rupia aliwajibu: Potelea mbali!
Nasema yote haya ikiwa njia ya kutoa shukrani kwa wazee na imani yao kwa vijana wakati huo.
Imani hujenga imani. Na mambo haya makubwa ya nchi, kama hayana baraka za wazee hayaendi. Magumu sana. Wanasema ngoma ya watoto haikeshi! Mimi nilipata baraka za wazee tangu zamani. Tangu awali kabisa.
TWINING AMEKWISHA
Siku moja, Dosa akanifuata Magomeni (Dar es Salaam). Akasema: Leo wazee wanakutaka. Wapi? Kwa Mzee Jumbe Tambaza. Wanakutaka usiku. Nikasema haya, nitakuja. Nikaenda. Nikakuta wazee wameshakaa; wameniita kijana wao kuniombea dua. Mimi Mkristo, wao Waislamu watupu. Wakaniombea dua za ubani. Tukamaliza.
Tulipomaliza wakasema kuna dua pia za wazee wao. Basi wakanitoa nje. Tukatoka. Zilipomalizika zilikuwa za Kurani; sasa zikaja dua za wazee za jadi.
Walikuwa na beberu la mbuzi. Wamechimba shimo. Wakaniambia simama. Nikasimama. Beberu akachinjwa, huku anaambiwa, Twining (Twainingi) umekwisha! (Edward Twining alikuwa gavana wakati huo). Ndipo nikaambiwa: Tambuka! Nikavuka lile shimo. Hapo nikaambiwa na wazee: Basi nenda zako; tangu leo Twining amekwisha!
Sasa mimi Mkristo; hao Waislamu. Na mimi mkorofi-korofi katika mambo haya (ya kutambika). Lakini tulikuwa tunaelewana na wazee wangu hao. Kwa hiyo nilitambuka pale na kuambiwa: Nenda nyumbani salama. Twining hawezi tena!
Wazee wangu wengine wanakumbuka tulikuwa tunakwenda Bagamoyo. Kwenye makaburi kule! Tunapiga dua huko kwenye makaburi na wazee wangu.
Baadhi yetu mtakumbuka safari moja jamaa wa Kenya, hawa kina Tom Mboya (marehemu) walishitakiwa. Tukasema tuwasaidie. Tuwasaidie vipi? Tukasema tufunge. Tukaomba nchi nzima kufunga siku hiyo. Tufunge! Tukafunga. Hakuna kula. Na siku ya kufunga tulikuwa na mkutano Bagamoyo. Tukaenda huko. Tukafanya mkutano hadi saa 12 jioni.
Baada ya mkutano tukaenda nyumbani kwa mzee Mohammed Ramia (marehemu). Hapa ndipo tulikuwa tumefikia. Mimi nikamuuliza mzee: Sheikh, una Aspro? Akajibu: Kwa nini unataka Aspro? Nikajibu kuwa kichwa kinaniuma kwelikweli. Akasema subiri.
Tulisubiri hadi saa ya kufuturu. Tukafuturu vizuri. Mzee Ramia akaniuliza: Bado unataka Aspro? Nikajibu kichwa sasa hakiumi. Kumbe ilikuwa njaa.
Nawaelezeni haya kwa sababu huko tulikotoka, tulishikamana sana. Tulishirikiana sana na wazee.
And the point is?mambo ya kumkoma Nyani GILADI ndio haya
Nyerere anasema alikuwa nakuja Dar na Baskeli lakini baadae akina Sykes wakawa wanamrudisha na gari
-bwa haa haa ha huko ndiko ulikotaka kufika toka mwanzo ulikuwa unapinda pinda kona.......hii thread ni nzuri sana ila mkiendelea kuingiza mambo kama haya tutabishana na mwishowe itahamishiwa kwa akina x-paster na maxshimba....
Kwanza kasome histoia ya TAA ya 1950's kisha lete listi ya uongozi halafu nitajie wakristo wangapi walikuwepo mle
btw
Kuna habari weqwe ndio umeanzisha ile ZE UTAMU mpya ni kweli?
Kwanza kasome histoia ya TAA ya 1950's kisha lete listi ya uongozi halafu nitajie wakristo wangapi walikuwepo mle
btw
Kuna habari weqwe ndio umeanzisha ile ZE UTAMU mpya ni kweli?
Your point if I am not mistaken, WAISLAMU WA TANZANIA (AU WA DALESALAMU) walikuwa Pivotal for the Independence ya Tanzania. In other words, without the foundation laid up by the Muslims (siyo watu wa Pwani- Dalesalamu) basi uhuru ungekuwa taabu sana.
Hata hivyo nilivyosoma hiyo post ya bangusilo kwa maneno ya Nyerere mwenyewe naona Wazee wa Dar E Salaam hawakuwa na choyo na ubaguzi wa tabaka za dini au kabila. Wao walitaka tu mtu "mwenzetu"; muafrika mwenye uwezo basi afanye kazi. So you see these were greatest people.
Huoni kama wewe GT na hao wachache ndiyo wakorofi, halafu mko a minority, mlikuwa wakosaji, either result of the aftermath of the independence goal, or you wanted to achieve something else; kwa hiyo mnaona kama mlidhulumiwa.
Halfu sijaona mahali popote ulipomtaja John Rupia alivyotoa zile pesa 1200 kumlipia Nyerere faini maana alibidi afungwe. Sasa kwako wewe John hayupo akilini mwako?anyway wakija watu serious nitajadiliana nao
naona watoto washaanza kuingia humu
Arthur Wille of Maryknoll Missionaries said:COLONIAL TANGANYIKA
When the Germans took over Mara Region, they wanted someone directly responsible to them. They forced the tribes there who had no chiefs to choose chiefs. In many cases the people chose those who had been their "Abagambi" as their chiefs. As chiefs they were given salaries and power over the people. They also had the responsibility of collecting taxes, the conscription of labor to build roads, schools and other projects as well as the administration of justice in the local courts or "Baraza" as they were called in Swahili. This gave them a great deal of power.
In their effort to give some representation to the people, the British established District Councils. Individuals who had some education or who had shown some leadership were invited to be members of these District Councils. The District Councils offered advice to the District Commissioners. At the time Fr. Ed Bratton and Fr Art Wille were building Komuge Mission the District Commissioner from Tarime came to enquire where he could find a young educated woman.
He was looking for Maria Waningu the daughter of Gabrieli Magige. We directed him to Gabriel Magige's home in Baraki. He was very surprised when he found her working in her father's field hoeing. He was even more surprised when she turned down his invitation to join the Tarime District Council. Maria Waningu the daughter of Gabriel Magige would later marry Julius Kambarage Nyerere and become the First Lady of an independent Tanganyika.
Maryknollers soon realized how important it was to establish good working relationships with the chiefs, sub-chiefs, and headmen or "Mwanangwa" as they were referred to in Swahili. Because Maryknollers followed the custom of the White Fathers and learned the tribal languages they had easy access to the chiefs. This good relationship was helpful in working with the people in establishing bush schools, primary schools, dispensaries, outstations as well as getting plots for missions.
For example, in Nyegina, Fr. William Collins and Lou Bayless had a close relationship with the old chief Musira. Later Fr. Collins would baptize him, Alois, and bring him into the Church after provisions had been made for him to separate from his several wives. Fr. Joe Glynn was a close friend of chief Nyamo of Kowak. He and Fr. John Schiff were also well known and liked by chief Gregory Nyatega of Shirati. In Tatwe, Fr. Mike Pierce was a good friend of chief Philip Nyatera. Philipo was a very loyal and enthusiastic Catholic. He helped Mike in many ways in developing this mission. Chief Edward Wanzagi whom Fr. Art Wille came to know through his brother Julius Kambarage Nyerere became his good friend. He supported Fr. Wille in many ways. At the meeting at which Fr. Wille asked the elders of Zanaki in Busegewe for a plot to build the mission, chief Edward Wanzage opened the meeting in Kizanaki by telling everyone present that he did not want anyone to oppose Fr. Wille's request. No objections were raised by the elders and the plot was quickly granted.
THE MOVE TO INDEPENDENCE
A new period dawned for Tanganyika in 1952 when Julius Kambarage Nyerere returned from Scotland where he had obtained a Masters Degree in History and Economics. This young man was shortly to lead his country to independence and become the Father of Tanganyika. Before going to Musoma and his home village of Butiama, Julius secured a position as a teacher of history in St. Francis Secondary School Pugu. This was the first territorial secondary school set up by the Roman Catholic hierarchy for Tanganyika. It was the elite Catholic Secondary School that got the selection of all the best students when they completed middle school.
The Tanganyika Government was anxious for Nyerere to teach in one of their secondary schools. At this time he was the only Tanganyikan with a Masters Degree in Arts. Because he opted to teach in a Catholic secondary school, he was offered only a salary of Pound 300 by the government. This was the salary for a Bachelor Degree level teacher. After Fr. Walsh made several request his salary was raised to Pound 450. The objection raised by government was that there was no precedent in government service for a Tanganyikan to receive a Master's Degree salary.
When Julius and Maria returned to Musoma to make preparations for their marriage, in discussing it with Fr. William Collins, Maria told him that she needed a period of time to see if Julius was still the same person she had known before he left for Edinburgh. "You know Father a person can change a lot in three years". However, on January 24th 1953 Julius and Maria were married in the small church in Musoma Town. Fr. William Collins witnessed their marriage. This was the beginning of a long and close friendship between Julius Nyerere and Fr. William Collins. Three years later Fr. Collins, Fr. Al Nevins and Fr. John Considine would assist Julius with money for his fare from Europe to America so that he could appear before the United Nations for the second time.
His first visit was in March 1955 when he appeared before the Trusteeship Council that debated the third U.N. Visiting Mission's Report on Tanganyika. It was in this debate that Nyerere won international recognition. Despite his youthful appearance he was self-possessed, relaxed well prepared for the debate. He stated "The main object of my presence here is to prove the falsity of European Press Reports that the Tanganyika population is opposed to the recommendations of the Visiting Mission". He was able to win the sympathy of the packed gallery and the officials by proving his point without attacking the Administration Authority.
It was on his return from this meeting in New York that he had to make an important personal decision. Previously, Governor Twinning had made a law which forbad civil servants from being members of any political organization. Nyerere as a member of TANU had to make a decision to either resign from TANU or to resign from teaching. Since his salary as a teacher came from government even though he was teaching in a Catholic School, he was considered a civil servant. He resigned his teaching position at St. Francis, Pugu. He also realized that because of the increasing amount of time and energy he was devoting to TANU he could not do justice to his students as their teacher.
He returned to his village of Butiama with his wife Maria and his two children, Andrew and Anna. It was just at this time that Msgr. Grondin decided to open a new mission in Zanaki. Fr. Art Wille was assigned the job of starting this new mission. He and Msgr. Grondin went to see Nyerere in Butiama. He and his family were living in the small mud brick house that he had built and given Maria as a wedding present. He was delighted when Msgr. Grondin asked him to teach a priest Kizanaki and Julius immediately accepted the offer.
He made arrangements to move into Mwisenge, a suburb of Musoma Town. He and his family moved in with his old and close friend Oswald Marwa. Oswald at this time was in charge of public works under Musoma District Council. Julius accepted a small salary of 600 shillings a month from Fr. Wille who came under criticism from some of his conferees for paying such a high salary. Years later Julius would jokingly introduce Fr. Wille as his former "boss". This was the beginning of a long and close friendship between Fr. Wille and Julius Nyerere and his family.
Nyerere was to have an influence on Fr. Wille throughout his life and work in Tanzania. In addition to teaching him every day for three months, he composed during this time an English Kizanaki grammar. He also translated two catechisms, two explanations of the catechism that the White Fathers had made up in Kikwaya, all the prayers for Mass and all the Scripture Readings for Mass. In 1955 there were no decent translations of either the Old Testament or the New Testament in Swahili. Julius started the translation of the Scriptures using the Douay Rheims Bible.
The old English in this translation proved difficult. He then used the Latin Missal. One day he asked Fr. Wille if he had a Greek New Testament. He said "I find some of the passages in St. Paul difficult to understand". When Fr. Wille asked him if he knew Greek, he answered "Yes, I had a year of Greek in the University. I think I can handle it".
The road to Julius Nyerere's baptism had been a long one. He studied our Catholic Faith for four years in primary school, four years in middle school and four years in secondary school. When he was chosen to go to Makerere university in Uganda, he went to Nyegina Mission to ask for baptism. He was told that he still needed to take a special course given by the mission catechist. He had to study in Kikwaya language. On December 23, 1943 he was baptized by Fr. Matias Keenen a White Father in Nyegina Mission. He chose for his godfather, the catechist Petro Maswe who had prepared him for baptism. At this time there were no other Catholic Zanaki who could have been his godfather.
The three months that Nyerere spent teaching Fr. Wille were also a time for him to think and prepare in his own mind the path he would follow to bring about the independence of Tanganyika. He often discussed his ideas. He had no doubt that TANU would gain independence and that world opinion was in favor of it. He was greatly concerned about how to prepare for independence. On one occasion he told Fr. Wille that he would gladly turn over the leadership of the party if there was someone whom he felt could lead it without bringing about a bloodbath. He would be happy to return to his life as a scholar.
During this time he received a number of letters and telegrams from Oscar Kambona urging him to return to Dar es Salaam and begin the campaign for independence. On one occasion, Oscar came to visit Nyerere in the rectory in Musoma Town where Julius was teaching Fr. Wille. Some time later Nyerere mentioned to Fr. Wille that TANU had received 10 scholarships for students to study behind the "Iron Curtain." Nyerere was not in favor of members of TANU going to these countries for education but could do little to stop them. Although the Western press frequently characterized Nyerere as a Communist, he was never in favor of Communism. One day talking about these accusations, Julius told Fr. Wille "I am not a Communist. I believe in God".
When Julius mentioned to Fr. Wille that he was afraid that Oscar Kambona was going to take one of these scholarship, Fr. Wille offered to try to get him a scholarship in the West. Oscar Kambona was the Organizing Secretary of TANU and number two man in the party after Nyerere. Fr. Al Nevins at Maryknoll who had many connections around New York was able to get Kambona a scholarship at Fordham University. When Oscar learned this and went to apply for a passport, he was told that he would not be given a passport because he wanted to study behind the "Iron Curtain." He denied this and said that he wanted to go to the states to study at Fordham University in New York. When the Administration heard this, they offered him a scholarship to study in England. Because he wanted to study law and since the law in Tanganyika was British Law he opted to go to England.
At tea in the afternoons, Nyerere would frequently talk about himself. One day he told how he got the opportunity to go to school. His elder brother Wanzagi had not been given this opportunity. His father, chief Nyerere had a good friend, also a chief of the Ikizu tribe, Mohamedi Makongoro. They frequently enjoyed an African game called "Soro" in Kizanaki or "Bao" in Swahili. To play this game well requires a lot of intelligence. The game is played on a long board that has four rows of holes in it. Pebbles or seeds are moved along these holes in order to land them in such a position that you will confiscate your opponents pebbles until they are finished. To do this one has to figure many moves a head and keep track in ones mind every position that you will end up in. When Julius' father would be busy, Julius himself would play this game with chief Makongoro. Frequently he would beat him. One day Makongoro told Julius' father that he should send his son into the school at Mwisenge that the British had started for the education of the sons of the chiefs. It was because of this prompting by chief Makongoro that Julius was sent to primary school in Mwisenge.
Nyerere's second visit to the United States was sponsored by Maryknoll. Instrumental in arranging it were Fr. William Collins, Fr. Al Nevins and Fr. John Considine. Maryknoll paid for his passage from Europe to America and back. His air line ticket from Tanganyika to Europe and back was bought by money raised in Tanganyika from a number of sources including Fr. Richard Walsh W.F. The purpose of this trip was to enable Nyerere to appear before the Fourth Committee of the U.N. on December 20, 1956. Maryknoll also arranged a lecture tour for Nyerere to visit various universities to acquaint himself with the American educational system and to seek scholarships for Tanganyikans. He also made an appearance on television with Eleanor Roosevelt on the Mike Wallace show.
Nyerere was met in New York by Fr. William Collins and Fr. Al Nevins. Fr. John Considine who was on the General Council had submitted a memo to Maryknoll for the fare that would enable him to come. During the period of struggle for independence that Nyerere and TANU led, many Maryknollers would get to know and respect him for his devotion to his people, his honesty, integrity and his great faith. Despite the tremendous work load and constant travel that he undertook during his campaign for independence he always took the time to go to Mass and receive Holy Communion whenever there was a Catholic Church in the area. He would continue this practice through the many years of his presidency.
At the same time, he could laugh at how he became a Catholic as he said "by chance." When he went to begin primary school in Mwisenge at the suggestion of chief Makongoro, he met there another boy who was also a Mzanaki. This boy, Oswald Marwa was also the son of another Zanaki chief. Julius and Oswald immediately became friends. Since Oswald had arrived at school ahead of him, he was able to show Julius around. When the bell for religion rang Oswald told Julius "It is time to study dini (religion). Let us go to the class with the Padre. "Under the British there was a period of religion every day in the schedule for primary schools. Children were free to study any religion they or their parents decided. With Oswald's help Julius began to study the Catholic Faith. Later he would tell Fr. Wille that when he went to Makerere University after his baptism he would read a lot of Catholic Philosophers and other authors in order to understand his faith better. At Makerere he became one of the leaders of the Catholic students, organizing retreats and pilgrimages to the shrines of the Uganda Martyrs. This interest in his faith would grow when he went to Edinburgh University.
There, he corresponded with Fr. Walsh, his friend and sponsor, who had raised the money for his scholarship. In this correspondence Nyerere wrote that he was considering becoming a priest. Fr. Walsh wrote back to him and told him that he did not think that he had a vocation to the priesthood. He knew of his keen interest in politics and advised him to continue on in this field.
One result of Maryknoll's support of Nyerere was a resistance on the part of the local British District Commissioner to grant us plots for new missions. Undoubtedly they had heard from Governor Twining who regarded Nyerere as a rogue and foolish upstart, not to be helpful to us. In these negotiations Msgr. Grondin and Fr. Collins were given good advice by Benedict Mato. This old man held the highest position available at the time under the British Administration. He was Secretary of the Native Treasury. All the chiefs were under him. They made their reports to him. They also handed over to him all the taxes that they collected. Benedict was an outstanding Catholic. He was also a good friend of Nyerere. Julius used to stay in his house when he came to Musoma Town. Benedict told Msgr. Grondin and Fr. Collins when they were turned down on their request for mission plots by the District Commissioner, "D.C's come and D.C's go. Just wait a little and you will get your plots".
sijabisha woote walikuwa waislamu......unayoyasema sibishi hata chembe......Kwanza kasome histoia ya TAA ya 1950's kisha lete listi ya uongozi halafu nitajie wakristo wangapi walikuwepo mle
ni kweli mkuu.....Kuna habari weqwe ndio umeanzisha ile ZE UTAMU mpya ni kweli?
anyway wakija watu serious nitajadiliana nao naona watoto washaanza kuingia humu
Zakumi,
Alichofanya Nyerere ni kuunganisha pamoja juhudi zote za kupigania uhuru kote nchini chini ya TANU. That was no small feat, Karl Peters notwithstanding.
Mkuu Pole kwa maumivu.Bangusule,
Naona umemaliza somo. Ngoja sasa waje akina Junius watuambie jinsi Nyerere alivyoua babu zake.
Mkuu Gt nafikiri kinacholeta utata hapa ni miaka na hiyo hotuba ya Mwalimu bahati mbaya haikuingia kwenye detail kuhusu miaka.
Mwalimu alisoma Makerere mwaka 1943 hadi 1945 na kupata cheti. Ni huo mwaka 1945 yeye na wanafunzi wenzake walipoanzisha chama kilichoitwa Tanganyika African Welfare Association (TAWA) cha wanafunzi wa Tanganyika; yeye akiwa katibu. Wakati huo kulikuwa na chama cha wasomi nchini kilichoanzishwa 1929 kilichojulikana kama African Association, AA, lakini hakikuwa cha siasa.
Baada ya kumaliza masomo alirudi Tanganyika na kuwa Mwalimu shule ya Kikatoliki Saint Mary's Tabora. Hata hivyo mwaka 1949 aliondoka nchini tena kwenda Uingereza kuchukua masomo ya Uchumi University ya Edinburgh na kurudi nchini mwaka 1952. Hivyo alikuwa mwanafunzi wa kuanza kusoma hicho chuo na kupata degree.
Ninachotaka kusema ni kuwa tunachotakiwa kuangalia ni hii miaka 1945 hadi 1952, je ni harakati zipi zilizokuwepo kuhamasisha Watanganyika kudai uhuru. African Association ilibadilika na kuwa Tanganyika African Association, TAA, mwaka 1948 lakini haikuhusika na kudai uhuru - sana sana kutetea haki za wafanya kazi na ndio maana ilivumiliwa na wakoloni.
GT, unao umri gani ?
halfu sijaona mahali popote ulipomtaja john rupia alivyotoa zile pesa 1200 kumlipia nyerere faini maana alibidi afungwe. Sasa kwako wewe john hayupo akilini mwako?
Mada hii utawaona waislam na lawama zao kama ambavyo wamesha zuka akina GT mh haya .