malaria

Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease that affects humans and other animals. Malaria causes symptoms that typically include fever, tiredness, vomiting, and headaches. In severe cases it can cause yellow skin, seizures, coma, or death. Symptoms usually begin ten to fifteen days after being bitten by an infected mosquito. If not properly treated, people may have recurrences of the disease months later. In those who have recently survived an infection, reinfection usually causes milder symptoms. This partial resistance disappears over months to years if the person has no continuing exposure to malaria.Malaria is caused by single-celled microorganisms of the Plasmodium group. The disease is most commonly spread by an infected female Anopheles mosquito. The mosquito bite introduces the parasites from the mosquito's saliva into a person's blood. The parasites travel to the liver where they mature and reproduce. Five species of Plasmodium can infect and be spread by humans. Most deaths are caused by P. falciparum because P. vivax, P. ovale, and P. malariae generally cause a milder form of malaria. The species P. knowlesi rarely causes disease in humans. Malaria is typically diagnosed by the microscopic examination of blood using blood films, or with antigen-based rapid diagnostic tests. Methods that use the polymerase chain reaction to detect the parasite's DNA have been developed, but are not widely used in areas where malaria is common due to their cost and complexity.The risk of disease can be reduced by preventing mosquito bites through the use of mosquito nets and insect repellents, or with mosquito control measures such as spraying insecticides and draining standing water. Several medications are available to prevent malaria in travellers to areas where the disease is common. Occasional doses of the combination medication sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine are recommended in infants and after the first trimester of pregnancy in areas with high rates of malaria. As of 2020, there is one vaccine which has been shown to reduce the risk of malaria by about 40% in children in Africa. Efforts to develop more effective vaccines are ongoing. The recommended treatment for malaria is a combination of antimalarial medications that includes an artemisinin. The second medication may be either mefloquine, lumefantrine, or sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine. Quinine along with doxycycline may be used if an artemisinin is not available. It is recommended that in areas where the disease is common, malaria is confirmed if possible before treatment is started due to concerns of increasing drug resistance. Resistance among the parasites has developed to several antimalarial medications; for example, chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum has spread to most malarial areas, and resistance to artemisinin has become a problem in some parts of Southeast Asia.The disease is widespread in the tropical and subtropical regions that exist in a broad band around the equator. This includes much of sub-Saharan Africa, Asia, and Latin America. In 2018 there were 228 million cases of malaria worldwide resulting in an estimated 405,000 deaths. Approximately 93% of the cases and 94% of deaths occurred in Africa. Rates of disease have decreased from 2010 to 2014, but increased from 2015 to 2017, during which there were 231 million cases. Malaria is commonly associated with poverty and has a major negative effect on economic development. In Africa, it is estimated to result in losses of US$12 billion a year due to increased healthcare costs, lost ability to work, and negative effects on tourism.

View More On Wikipedia.org
Recent contents

  1. Serikali tuelezeni hatma ya kiwanda hiki wakati watu wakiendelea kufa kwa malaria

    Marehemu JPM alitembelea kiwanda hiki na kukukta mrundikano wa viuatilifu vya mbu wa malaria. Kwa uzalendo wake akaamua halmashauri zote zinunue dawa hizo na kuzitumia kupulizia mazalio ya mbu na hazina ingekilipa kiwanda hicho moja kamoja toka kwenye bajeti za halmashauri. Nadhani hela...
    • comte
    • Thread
    • afya biashara kufa malaria viwanda wizara ya afya
    • Replies: 2
    • Forum: Jukwaa la Siasa

  2. Pendekezo: Matibabu ya Malaria yawe bure

    Nashauri serikali yetu tukufu wafikirie Malaria tiba yake iwe Bure. Mfano Kenya matibabu na vipimo vya Malaria ni Bure Kama sijakoaea. Fikiria mtu kupima malaria ni Bure ila ukija upande wa tiba inakua mtihani. Maeto ambao unahati punguzo (nembo ya Jani) mahospitalini hazionekani, badala yake...

  3. Sakata la KEMSA nchini Kenya

    Sakata la Ufisadi wa Kemsa nchini Kenya limesababisha wazungu kuacha kutoa Pesa za Malaria, Ukimwi na afya kwa ujumla! Sasa hivi wagonjwa na waathirika wanahangaika na Viongozi nao wanahangaika kurudisha Imani kwa Mabeberu ili waendelee kupatiwa misaada! Ubinafsi umepitiliza Afrika.

  4. Malaria vaccine hailed as potential breakthrough

    A malaria vaccine has proved to be 77% effective in early trials and could be a major breakthrough against the disease, say its developers from the University of Oxford. Malaria kills more than 400,000 people a year, mostly children in sub-Saharan Africa. But despite many vaccines being...

  5. Chanjo ya Malaria ipo njiani; je, utakubali kuchoma chanjo hiyo?

    Kwa miaka karibu 100, hapakuwa na juhudi kubwa katika kutafuta chanjo ya Malaria, bali makampuni yalijikita zaidi kwenye kutengeneza dawa, maana ilikuwa inalipa zaidi. Ghafla baada ya kuzuka Corona na wakaweza kuja na ‘Chanjo’ ndani ya miezi michache, na baada ya Afrika kuigomea chanjo hiyo...

  6. Utafiti: Mabadiliko ya vimelea vyenye usugu dhidi ya dawa ndiyo chanzo cha ugonjwa wa Malaria kuendelea kuenea Afrika

    Watafiti leo Alhamisi wametoa ripoti kuhusu ushahidi wa kwanza wa kidaktari kwamba mabadiliko ya vimelea vyenye usugu dhidi ya dawa ndiyo chanzo cha ugonjwa wa Malaria kuendelea kuenea barani Afrika. Wataalamu wa dawa wamekuwa na wasiwasi kwa muda mrefu kuhusu kuibuka kwa tatozo la usugu dhidi...

  7. Hivi tukitumia DDT hatuwezi kuondokana kabisa na mbu na hatimae kuagana na Malaria?

    Nawaza kama Serikali ifanye utafiti juu ya kuangamiza kabisa mazalia ya mbu nchini kwa kutumia DDT ili tuagane kabisa na Malaria. Hili gonjwa linazingua mjue. Hata kama ilizuiwa mbona nasikia kuna nchi nyingi tu wanaendelea kuitumia na huko India inaendelea kuzalishwa kama kawaida. "Malaria...

  8. Nahitaji Dawa za Mseto za Malaria kwa bei ya jumla

    Anayeuza Dawa za Mseto wa Malaria kwa bei ya jumla anicheki kwa no 0788364580

  9. Bila malaria wazungu wangetuangamiza na kukaa Afrika

    Kila sehemu walikoenda, lengo kuu la wazungu ilikuwa na kuanzisha makazi napya na kuangamiza jamii ya hapo. Wamewaangamiza wa Aborigines wa Australia hadi wamebaki wa kuhesabu. Huko Amerika wamewaangamiza Wahindi Wekundu na leo Wahindi Wekundu ni wa kuhesabu hapa na pale. Walitumia magonjwa...

  10. Mbunge anasema hakujawahi kuwa na chanjo ya Malaria; Waziri msomi yuko kimya. Ukweli tujitizame, kuna mahali hapako sawa

    Nimemsikiliza Mbunge mmoja bungeni jana kama sijakosea ni Mbunge wa Maswa, akisema Wazungu wanabagua aina ya magonjwa na chanjo zake ili watufanyie biashara. Akatolea mfano wa Malaria kuwa hawajawahi kutafuta chanjo huku wakijua ndiyo inauwa watu wengi Afrika. Na, wanahangaika na chanjo ya...

  11. WHO inatakiwa izijibu hoja za Rais Magufuli kwa umakini mkubwa. Tropical diseases kama TB, Malaria kwanini hazina chanjo na zinaua sana?

    Shirika la Afya Duniani ni kibara na chombo muhimu cha kutekeleza Sera za mabeberu moja wapo ya ajenda muhimu ya mabeberu ni kuitawala mifumo ya Dunia kwa ku-centralize mamlaka ili hii sera ifanikiwe ni lazima kwanza wajiimarishe kichumi waendelee kuwa superpowers na ili waendelelee super powers...

  12. Hizi hotuba za kisiasa za Rais Magufuli zitatuponza. Tuchague mambo ya kusema hadharani

    Tunaweza tukasikilizwa au hapana, ukweli ni kwamba rais anatakiwa kusaidiwa jinsi ya kuchagua maneno ktk majukwaa ya kisiasa. Tunaona jinsi Rais anavyotumia jukwaa na kujisahau kwamba maneno ya rais hutafsiriwa na ofisi zote nchini na kuvuka mipaka. Ni vibaya kwa rais kutoonesha imani na chanjo...
  13. B

    Dawa ya Malaria aina LUMERAX yapanda bei mara mbili

    Dawa aina ya Lumerax 80/480 mikoa ya Kaskazini ilikuwa inauzwa sh 5,000 haijapita miezi 5 toka ninunue dawa hiyo ili inisaidie kutibu malaria, leo hii nimeenda karibia maduka yote ya dawa nimeambiwa inauzwa sh 10,000, najiuliza kwanini dawa hii imepandishwa bei namna hii, kama mtu mwenye uwezo...

  14. Ni mwaka wa tano sasa, sijwahi kusikia wala kuona mtu anaumwa malaria, uchawi gani huu?

    Miaka ya 2015 kurudi nyuma, binafsi ilikuwa haipiti mwaka sijumwa malaria, na haipiti wiki lazima nisikie habari za mtu wangu wa karibu au rafiki au jirani au ndugu wa mbali kaumwa malaria. Lakini toka 2015 kuja mbele hali imekuwa ya miujiza kabisa, sisikii wala kuona mtu anaumwa, si mimi wala...
Menu
Log in
Register
Cookies are required to use this site. You must accept them to continue using the site. Learn more…