Wanajukwaa:
Dunia yetu inaendelea kushika kasi katika suala la Sayansi na Tekinolojia.Kwa siku za hivi karibuni,wanasayansi wamegundua kuweza kutengeneza Moyo kwa kutumia stem cells,ikiwa ni hatua katika kuelekea kutengeneza moyo wa binadamu,hali ambayo itasaidia katika kukabiliana na matatizo ya Moyo yanayowakabili wanadamu,kwa kiasi kikubwa, yale ambayo uhusisha mwanadamu kupoteza maisha, kwa sababu tu Moyo wa mgonjwa husika hauna repair au hauwezi kubadilishwa.Miaka kama kumi hivi iliyopita,wanasayansi walikuwa wamefanikiwa kutengeneza Moyo wa panya kwa kutumia hizo stem cells.
Kumbe,kwa tafiti mbalimbali zinazoendelea kufanyika sehemu mbalimbali duniani,ama ardhini au angani,zote zinalenga katika kuboresha maisha ya mwanadamu na hata kuongeza siku za kuishi kwake.Historia inao watu wengi sana ambao wamejihusisha na Sayansi kwa nyakati tofuati tofauti.
Leo,ninataka tumuangalie Mtume Muhammad kwa namna alivyoweza kujihusisha na suala la Sayansi kwa kile kinachosemwa ni kwa msaada wa Mungu.Kurani neno la Mungu;maneno ambayo Mungu akiisha kuyaandika huko Mbinguni, alikuwa anampatia Malaika Gabriel na malaika Gabriel akampatia Mtume Muhammad katika Nyakati tofauti tofauti na Muhammad kuyaweka katika maandishi,lakini kwa namna ya pekee,kwa mara ya kwanza kabisa ikiwa ni katika Pango lililoko katika Mlima Hira,
Jabal an-Nour,huko Makka,ambako inadaiwa Mtume Muhammad alipokea ufunuo huo, kwa matatizo sana kwa sababu ya kutojua kwake kusoma na kuandika,Malaika Gabrieli alijikuta anamkaba.
Kwa njia ya ufunuo wa Kurani,tunafunuliwa mambo mengi ya Kisayansi ambamo Muhammad anatujuza jinsi mambo yalivyo.Kwa leo, ninawaletea jambo moja tu.
Nalo ni juu ya namna Jua linavyokuchwa na kadri Mungu atakavyotujalia tutayaangazia na mambo mengine.
Kurani kupitia Sura al-Kahf (18: 83-86), inaeleza kwamba Jua huchwea katika chemchemu ya matope meusi mazito(dark Muddy spring):
“83-Na wanakuuliza khabari za Dhul- Qarnaini. Waambie: Nitakusimulieni baadhi ya hadithi yake.84 -Sisi tulimtilia nguvu katika ardhi na tukampa njia za kila kitu.85 - Basi akaifuata njia. 86 - Hata alipo fika machwea-jua aliliona linatua katika chemchem yenye matope meusi. Na hapo akawakuta watu. Tukasema: Ewe Dhul-Qarnaini! Ama uwaadhibu au watwae kwa wema.”
Wakati Muhammad akiwa ametupasha ukweli huo ambao aliandikiwa na Mungu, Ukweli wa kisayansi umebainisha kwamba Jua ni kubwa zaidi na lenye joto kali kuliko dunia.Na ikitokea kwamba Dunia inakaribiana na Jua,basi dunia itayeyuka kutokana na joto kubwa la Jua.
Ukweli mwingine,ambao pia Sayansi imetupatia ni kwamba Jua halitembei bali sayari mbalimbali ndio hulizunguka,ikiwemo Sayari yetu ya Dunia. Historia inaonyesha kwamba mtu wa kwanza kugusagusa habari za kuwa Jua lilikuwa halizunguki alikuwa ni
Aristarchus (310-230KK).
Aristarchus alikuwa ni mwana-Astronomia wa Kigriki. Yeye aliamini dunia ilikuwa katikati ya Mfumo wa Jua(Solar system) na sayari zingine (ikijumuishwa na nyota ambazo zilikuwa zimefungwa katika nafasi fulani) ndio zilizokuwa zikilizunguka Jua.
Hata hivyo, baadaye mwanasayansi,Aristarchus, alikuja kugundua kuwa sio dunia iliyokuwa katikati ya Mfumo wa Jua, bali ni Jua na hivi kwamba ni Dunia na sayari zingine ndizo zilikuwa zikilizunguka Jua.Ugunduzi wa namna hii ulipatikana miaka mingi sana (takribani karne tatu hivi) kabla hata ya Yesu Kristu kuzaliwa na karne tisa kabla ya Muhammad kuzaliwa.
Mwanasayansi mwingine pia aliyekuja na mtizamo tofuati na wa Muhammad (kwa kadri ya ufunuo kutoka kwa Mungu) ni Jean Buridan (1300-1359/61). Huyu) anafahamika kama Mwanafalsafa Mashuhuri sana katika Ufaransa.Buridan alikuwa Mwalimu katika Kitivo cha Sanaa cha Chuo Kikuu cha Paris kwa kupindi chote cha maisha yake ya kitaaluma akimakinika hasa hasa katika masuala ya Logiki (Logic) na kazi za mwanafalsafa Aristotle.
Ni Bridan aliyeanzisha wazo juu ya kiitwacho
Copernican Revolution katika Ulaya.Hili ni fundisho lililoleta mwangaza kutoka kuamini kwamba dunia ilikuwa imesimama sehemu moja katika ulimwengu na kwamba Jua ndio lilikuwa linaizunguka dunia (Geocentrism) hadi kueleweka kwamba kumbe Jua ndilo limesimama wakati dunia na sayari zingine zikilizunguka (Heliocentrism).
Kumbe, sasa kwa uchache,kwa mawazo ya hao wanasayansi wawili,tunapata picha kwamba Muenendo wa Jua kuchomoza na kutua sio jambo lililoanza wakati wa Muhammad.Na kama suala la Sayansi ya Mfumo wa Jua lilianza mapema kabla ya Yesu na Muhammad kuzaliwa, yeye Muhammad alipopewa ufunuo na Mungu, hakuweza kujiuliza iwapo ufunuo huo wa Mungu inakuwaje unapingana na ukweli wa mambo?Katika kutafakari ufunuo huu wa Mungu kwa Muhammad, nimejikuta nina maswali yafuatayo,ambayo naomba yatuongoze katika kujadili suala hili.Ni muhimu kujadili kwa sababu pengine Dunia inatufundisha vitu ambavyo havipo.Hivi kweli Mungu anaweza kumueleza Muhammad mambo ya uongo?Maswali mengine ambayo bila shaka hata wewe unaweza kujiuliza ni haya:
1. Hiyo Chemchemi ya matope mazito na meusi iko hapa duniani?Na kama haipo hapa duniani iko angani? Na kama iko angani iko sehemu gani?
2. Huyo Dhul-Qarnaini alikuwa ni kiumbe wa namna gani huyo aliyepewa uwezo wa kuona Jua linavyotumbukia katika matope?
3. Pamoja na kwamba wakati wakati wa Muhammad, labda Sayansi ya kwamba Jua halizunguki, isipokuwa dunia ndio hulizunguka Jua, ilikuwa haijafika katika maeneo ya ardhi ya Arabia, bado hata vizazi vya zamani sana havikupata kuwa na uelewa kama huo wa Muhammad kuwa Jua lilikuwa linatua matope meusi! Je,ilikuwaje katika Vizazi vyote hivyo hapo katikati(ikiwemo na Yesu mwenyewe ambaye Muhammad anamuelezea kama aliyekuwa na uwezo wa kufinyanga wanasesere na kuwapulizia uhai na wakawa ndege kamili), kabla ya Muhammad, akakosekana mtu mwenye uelewa wa kuliona Jua likizama katika matope meusi tofauti? Hivi wewe kwa sayansi hii ya Muhamma juu ya Jua kuchwea katika matope meusi haikupelekei kujiuliza yafuatayo:
· Je, Muhammad kusema mambo ambayo hakuwa nayo uthibitisho ilikuwa ni kutafuta tu kuonekana kwamba Mungu amempa ufunuo wa kipekee juu ya ulimwengu?
· Je, vizazi ya Kiarabu na dunia kwa ujumla baada ya kugundua kwa tafiti za kisayansi, ambazo zimethibitisha kuwa Jua huzungukwa na sayari mbalimbali, ikiwemo Sayari yetu ya dunia, vimuoneje, Muhammad na Uislamu kwa ujumla?
· Je,wanadamu wa vizazi vyote vinavyofahamu kuwa Jua halijawahi kuzama katika matope ama meusi,bluu au meupe, visimuamini Muhammad katika mambo mengine aliyoyasema au vimuchukulie kama mtu aliyekuwa anajaribu kupiga ramli ya jinsi mambo yalivyo?
Lakini swali la mwisho kabisa ambalo nitaomba ujiulize ni hili:Je,Ni kwa nini hadi leo baada ya kugundulika kuwa Jua halizami na wala halizunguki,ni kwa nini hadi sasa aya hiyo iko imesalia katika Kurani?Je,ni nani anasema uongo kati ya Mungu na wanasayansi juu ya suala la Jua?
Karibu kwa mjadala ili tupate kujua ukweli kwa faida ya maendeleo ya Dunia yetu.
﴿وَيَسْأَلُونَكَ عَن ذِى الْقَرْنَيْنِ قُلْ سَأَتْلُواْ عَلَيْكُم مِّنْهُ ذِكْراً - إِنَّا مَكَّنَّا لَهُ فِى الاٌّرْضِ وَآتَيْنَـهُ مِن كُلِّ شَىْءٍ سَبَباً ﴾
(83. And they ask you about Dhul-Qarnayn. Say: "I shall recite to you something of his story.'') (84. Verily, We established him in the earth, and We gave him the means of everything.)
The Story of Dhul-Qarnayn Allah says to His Prophet ,
﴿وَيَسْـَلُونَكَ﴾
(And they ask you) O Muhammad ,
﴿عَن ذِى الْقَرْنَيْنِ﴾
(about Dhul-Qarnayn.) i.e., about his story. We have already mentioned how the disbelievers of Makkah sent word to the People of the Book and asked them for some information with which they could test the Prophet . They (the People of the Book) said, `Ask him about a man who traveled extensively throughout the earth, and about some young men who nobody knows what they did, and about the Ruh (the soul),' then Surat Al-Kahf was revealed. Dhul-Qarnayn had great Power
﴿إِنَّا مَكَّنَّا لَهُ فِى الاٌّرْضِ﴾
(Verily, We established him in the earth,) means, `We have given him great power, so that he had all that kings could have of might, armies, war equipment and siege machinery.' So he had dominion over the east and the west, all countries and their kings submitted to him, and all the nations, Arab and non-Arab, served him. Some of them said he was called Dhul-Qarnayn (the one with two horns) because he reached the two "Horns" of the sun, east and west, where it rises and where it sets.
﴿وَآتَيْنَـهُ مِن كُلِّ شَىْءٍ سَبَباً﴾
(and We gave him the means of everything.) Ibn `Abbas, Mujahid, Sa`id bin Jubayr, `Ikrimah, As-Suddi, Qatadah, Ad-Dahhak and others said, "This means knowledge.'' Qatadah also said,
﴿وَآتَيْنَـهُ مِن كُلِّ شَىْءٍ سَبَباً﴾
(and We gave him the means of everything.) "The different parts and features of the earth.'' Concerning Bilqis, Allah said,
﴿وَأُوتِيَتْ مِن كُلِّ شَىْءٍ﴾
(she has been given all things) ﴿27:23﴾, meaning all things that monarchs like her are given. Thus too was Dhul-Qarnayn: Allah gave him the means of all things, meaning the means and power to conquer all areas, regions and countries, to defeat enemies, suppress the kings of the earth and humiliate the people of Shirk. He was given all that a man like him would need. And Allah knows best.
﴿فَأَتْبَعَ سَبَباً - حَتَّى إِذَا بَلَغَ مَغْرِبَ الشَّمْسِ وَجَدَهَا تَغْرُبُ فِى عَيْنٍ حَمِئَةٍ وَوَجَدَ عِندَهَا قَوْماً قُلْنَا يذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ إِمَّآ أَن تُعَذِّبَ وَإِمَّآ أَن تَتَّخِذَ فِيهِمْ حُسْناً - قَالَ أَمَّا مَن ظَلَمَ فَسَوْفَ نُعَذِّبُهُ ثُمَّ يُرَدُّ إِلَى رَبِّهِ فَيُعَذِّبُهُ عَذَاباً نُّكْراً - وَأَمَّا مَنْ آمَنَ وَعَمِلَ صَـلِحاً فَلَهُ جَزَآءً الْحُسْنَى وَسَنَقُولُ لَهُ مِنْ أَمْرِنَا يُسْراً ﴾
(85. So he followed a way.) (86. Until, when he reached the setting place of the sun, he found it setting in a spring of Hami'ah. And he found near it a people. We said: "O Dhul-Qarnayn! Either you punish them or treat them with kindness.'') (87. He said: "As for him who does wrong, we shall punish him, and then he will be brought back unto his Lord, Who will punish him with a terrible torment (Hell).'') (88. "But as for him who believes and works righteousness, he shall have the best reward, and we shall speak unto him mild words.'')
His traveling and reaching the Place where the Sun sets (the West)
﴿فَأَتْبَعَ سَبَباً ﴾
(So he followed a way.) Ibn `Abbas said that he followed different routes to achieve what he wanted.
وَجَدَهَا تَغْرُبُ فِى عَيْنٍ حَمِئَةٍ﴾
(he found it setting in a spring of Hami'ah) meaning, he saw the sun as if it were setting in the ocean. This is something which everyone who goes to the coast can see: it looks as if the sun is setting into the sea but in fact it never leaves its path in which it is fixed. Hami'ah is, according to one of the two views, derived from the word Hama'ah, which means mud. This is like the Ayah:
kwahiyo ukiisoma Sura Al kahf kwenye hizo aya ulizoziweka utagundua kwamba aliesema kaona jua limezama kwenye matope ni "Dhul Qarnayn" na ndo aliwasimulia watu wake... na utaona Mungu ndo anamsimulia Muhhamad (S.A.W) kile ambacho Dhul Qarnayn aliwaambia watu wake na sio kwamba Mungu nae aliona hivyo, Lah... na hiyo aya ilishuka maana kuna watu ambao walikua hawamuamini Muhammad kama ni mjumbe wa Allah na ili wamuamini ndo wakamuuliza maswali matatu na moja wapo walitaka waelezwe kuhusu "Dhul Qarnayn",, na kumbuka wao walishasimuliwa story za huyo Dhul Qarnayn so walitaka kusikia yale waloyasikia kwa Muhammad.. ndo maana na Muhammad alisimuliwa yale aloyafanya Dhul Qarnaan......
Reason why this Surah was revealed
Muhammad bin Ishaq mentioned the reason why this Surah was revealed. He said that an old man from among the people of Egypt who came to them some forty-odd years ago told him, from `Ikrimah that Ibn `Abbas said: "The Quraysh sent An-Nadr bin Al-Harith and `Uqbah bin Abi Mu`it to the Jewish rabbis in Al-Madinah, and told them: `Ask them (the rabbis) about Muhammad, and describe him to them, and tell them what he is saying. They are the people of the first Book, and they have more knowledge of the Prophets than we do.' So they set out and when they reached Al-Madinah, they asked the Jewish rabbis about the Messenger of Allah . They described him to them and told them some of what he had said. They said, `You are the people of the Tawrah and we have come to you so that you can tell us about this companion of ours.' They (the rabbis) said, `Ask him about three things which we will tell you to ask, and if he answers them then he is a Prophet who has been sent (by Allah); if he does not, then he is saying things that are not true, in which case how you will deal with him will be up to you. Ask him about some young men in ancient times, what was their story For theirs is a strange and wondrous tale. Ask him about a man who travelled a great deal and reached the east and the west of the earth. What was his story And ask him about the Ruh (soul or spirit) -- what is it If he tells you about these things, then he is a Prophet, so follow him, but if he does not tell you, then he is a man who is making things up, so deal with him as you see fit.' So An-Nadr and `Uqbah left and came back to the Quraysh, and said: `O people of Quraysh, we have come to you with a decisive solution which will put an end to the problem between you and Muhammad. The Jewish rabbis told us to ask him about some matters,' and they told the Quraysh what they were. Then they came to the Messenger of Allah and said, `O Muhammad, tell us,' and they asked him about the things they had been told to ask. The Messenger of Allah said,
«أُخْبِرُكُمْ غَدًا عَمَّا سَأَلْتُمْ عَنْه»
(I will tell you tomorrow about what you have asked me.) but he did not say `If Allah wills.' So they went away, and the Messenger of Allah stayed for fifteen days without any revelation from Allah concerning that, and Jibril, peace be upon him, did not come to him either. The people of Makkah started to doubt him, and said, `Muhammad promised to tell us the next day, and now fifteen days have gone by and he has not told us anything in response to the questions we asked.' The Messenger of Allah felt sad because of the delay in revelation, and was grieved by what the people of Makkah were saying about him. Then Jibril came to him from Allah with the Surah about the companions of Al-Kahf, which also contained a rebuke for feeling sad about the idolators. The Surah also told him about the things they had asked him about, the young men and the traveler. The question about the Ruh was answered in the Ayah;
﴿وَيَسْـَلُونَكَ عَنِ الرُّوحِ قُلِ الرُّوحُ﴾
Quran isome yote na kwa utulivu na uelewe, ukishindwa elewa uliza,, so tusichukue maneno ya kwenye vitabu vya dini na kuweka tafsiri ya moja kwa moja.... you need to read and understand the full concept... hope ntakua nimejitahidi kujibu maswali yako