Mhandisi: Reli ya SGR mpya kuchukua miaka 15 kumalizika

[BUSH BIN LADEN]

25 June 2024

🔴#LIVE : NILIMUACHIA MAGUFULI AENDELEZE MRADI WA RELI YA SGR - JAKAYA KIKWETE


View: https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=46vpJFkkBzQ

Anaongeza kuwa mradi wa Reli ya SGR Mpya ambao yeye Jakaya Kikwete aliuasisi huku Samwel Sita, Prof. Makame Mbarawa na John Magufuli wakiwa mawaziri chini ya utawala wa awamu ya nne ya uongozi wa Jakaya Kikwete.....

Tulitambua kuwa mradi wa thamani ya dola bilioni 7 za sarafu ya kimarakeni ni mzigo mzito ambao hauwezi kubebwa na serikali yoyote bila kukopa fedha kutoka vyanzo mbalimbali vya nje na vya kimatsifa asema Jakaya Kikwete katika mahojiano haya exclusive na media ya Wasafi Media TV ...

So what

 

[bongodili tele]

Bado miaka mingapi ukamilike

 

[bagamoyo]

So what

Jakaya Kikwete anaweka sawa historia ya mradi wa ujenzi wa Reli Mpya SGR, na pia kutufahamisha mzigo mzito wa mradi huu hadi kumalizika, nchi imejitwisha mzigo mzito wa deni la Dola 7 bilioni

 

[BUSH BIN LADEN]

Jakaya Kikwete anaweka sawa historia ya mradi wa ujenzi wa Reli Mpya SGR, na pia kutufahamisha mzigo mzito wa mradi huu hadi kumalizika, nchi imejitwisha mzigo mzito wa deni la Dola 7 bilioni

Kuwa na ndoto tu halafu usiziweke kwenye vitendo haina maana.

 

[bagamoyo]

23 June 2024
Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Waziri David Mwakiposa Kihenzile : Mradi wa Ujenzi wa Reli Mpya SGR Mgumu Sana, Tuwatie Moyo Viongozi


View: https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=m-iqikP42vs
Hayo amesemwa na waziri David Mwakiposa Kihenzile, wakati akielezea changamoto ya kumaliza mradi huo mkubwa ambao ulitembelewa na rais toka nchi ya Guinea Bissau mheshimiwa Umaro Mokhtar Sissoco Embaló aliye ktk ziara ya kikazi nchini Tanzania na kusafiri kwa treni kati ya Dar es Salaam na stesheni ya Pugu

 

[bagamoyo]

05 July 2024

WAKANDARASI WAZAWA WALIOSHIRIKI UJENZI WA SGR WAMLILIA RAIS SAMIA KUINGILIA KATI SAKATA LA MADAI YAO


View: https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=MXE--PJYjNE

 

[chichiboy1]

John heche alisema hiyo reli yenu ya SGR ikiisha kufikia 2030 basi anarudi kuchimba madini anaachana na siasa.

Sent using Jamii Forums mobile app

Vipi mpango huo bado anao?

 

[bagamoyo]

UJENZI WA RELI TAZARA 1970 -1976 :
habari kwa kina kutoka stesheni ya Kapiri Mposhi Zambia mwisho wa reli ya TAZARA kutoka Dar es Salaam Tanzania, endelea kusoma makala ya gazeti hili hapa chini jinsi kilomita 1,860 za ujenzi ulivyoenda ...

 

[bagamoyo]

Kamati ya Bunge :

Bunge la Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania mwaka 2024

Mashaka kuhusu kukamilika kwa sehemu ya Isaka-Mwanza SGR yaliibuliwa na Kamati ya Kudumu ya Bunge ya Miundombinu.

Katika ripoti yake Bungeni mjini Dodoma Aprili 6, 2024, Mwenyekiti wa kamati hiyo, Selemani Kakoso, alionyesha mashaka juu ya iwapo sehemu hii ya mradi wa SGR itakamilika kwa wakati. Msingi wa shaka yake ulikuwa tarehe ya mwisho inayokaribia ya Mei 14, 2024, na maendeleo yakifikia 54.01%.

Katika taarifa ya kamati hiyo siku hiyo ambayo Bunge lilijadili na kupitisha makadirio ya bajeti ya Wizara ya Uchukuzi kwa mwaka 2024/25, ilibainika kuwa tayari serikali ilikuwa imemlipa mkandarasi TZS trilioni 1.343 sawa na asilimia 40.53 ya fedha hizo. gharama ya mradi.

“Kamati ina wasiwasi na muda uliobaki wa kukamilisha mradi ifikapo Mei 2024, ikilinganishwa na asilimia iliyobaki ya ujenzi. tayari imekamilika," alisema. Hata hivyo, tarehe iliyowekwa ya kukamilika kwa mradi tayari imepita, na Pan African Visions imegundua kuwa kazi haijakamilika.

Kwa mujibu wa Mh.Kakoso, taarifa ya kamati hiyo ilibainisha malalamiko ya wananchi kutokana na kutolipwa fidia baada ya kuchukuliwa ardhi yao kwa ajili ya mradi huo. Alipendekeza serikali kuwezesha malipo ya wananchi hao kwa mujibu wa sheria.

Ucheleweshaji wa mradi huu na miradi mingine ya SGR unahusishwa na changamoto za kifedha, ambazo inasemekana serikali haiwezi kumlipa mkandarasi, CCECC, kutoka Jamhuri ya Watu wa China, kukamilisha kazi hiyo.

TOKA MAKTABA:

Habari 23 December 2021​

Prof. Mbarawa: Ujenzi wa Reli ya Kisasa Isaka - Mwanza unaendelea​

• 23rd Dec, 2021

---

Waziri wa Ujenzi na Uchukuzi, Prof. Makame Mbarawa, amesema kuwa mradi wa ujenzi wa Reli ya Kisasa (SGR), kipande cha Isaka - Mwanza chenye urefu wa kilometa 341 unaendelea kwa kasi na mkandarasi yupo eneo la mradi na kazi zinaendelea.

Prof. Mbarawa ameongeza kuwa Serikali imekwishalipa malipo ya awali kiasi cha shilingi Bilioni 376.36 kwa mkandarasi kwa ajili ya kuanza kazi za awali ikiwemo ujenzi wa tuta la reli na hadi kufikia hatua hiyo mradi unaendelea vizuri na Serikali haidaiwi.

Ameyazungumza hayo jijini Mwanza, wakati akikagua maendeleo ya mradi huo unaotekelezwa kwa muda wa miezi 36 kwa gharama ya Sh Trilioni 3.062 unaojengwa na kampuni ya China Civil Engineering Construction (CCEC), na China Railway Construction Corporation (CRCC).

"Kazi zinaendelea mkandarasi amejipanga vizuri na tunategemea atakamilisha ujenzi huu kwa wakati kama ulivyopanga", amesisitiza Prof. Mbarawa.

Aidha, Prof. Mbarawa ametoa shukrani kwa Mheshimiwa Rais wa Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania, Mhe. Samia Suluhu Hassan, kwa kuendelea kutoa fedha za mradi huo kwa wakati kwa ajili ya manufaa ya wananchi na kusaidia kurahisisha huduma za usafiri na usafirishaji katika Ukanda huo.

View: https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=n7bQBhJkGws
Awali akitoa taarifa, Mkurugenzi Mkuu wa Shirika la Reli Tanzania (TRC), Bw. Masanja Kadogosa, ameeleza kuwa mradi huo ulianza mwezi Mei, 2021 na unatarajiwa kukamilika mwezi Mei, 2024.

Amefafanua kuwa mradi huo unahusisha madaraja makubwa 43, vivuko vya chini 44, vya juu 23 na makalvati 591 na daraja refu eneo la kuingia Mwanza, vituo 9, stesheni kubwa ya Mwanza na pia kutakuwa na karakana kubwa eneo la Fela na Tabora kwa ajili ya reli hiyo.
Bw. Kadogosa ameeleza pia tayari wamekwishalipa kiasi cha shilingi Bilioni 2.8 kwa ajili ya fidia za wananchi waliopisha mradi huo

 

[bagamoyo]

October 2024

MSAADA KUTOKA CHINA: KIPANDE CHA SGR RELI MPYA ISAKA - MWANZA


View: https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=z81bs4LifzM
Dk Nchemba alitoa shukurani zake kwa China kwa kukaribia hatua za mwisho za ufadhili wa mradi unaoendelea wa Reli Mpya SGR, ambao kwa sasa unahusu awamu ya tano kutoka Mwanza hadi Isaka, na kukaribisha uhakikisho wa China wa kupitia ombi la Tanzania kwa awamu ya sita.

Aliyasema hayo kufuatia mazungumzo na Balozi wa China nchini Tanzania, Chen Mingjian, katika Ofisi ndogo za Wizara ya Fedha, jijini Dar es Salaam. Mazungumzo hayo yalilenga zaidi ushirikiano wa muda mrefu kati ya mataifa hayo mawili, ambao umedumu kwa zaidi ya miaka 60.

Habari za ziada :

Shirika la Bima la China - (China Export and Credit Insurance Corporation (SINOSURE) linaendelea na taratibu za upatikanaji fedha za kugharamia ujenzi wa Kipande cha Tano cha Reli ya Kisasa (SGR) kutoka Isaka hadi Mwanza chenye urefu wa Kilomita 341.


View: https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=psYF4J1-W3Q

Na kuonesha nia ya kusaidia upatikanaji fedha za ujenzi wa kipande cha sita cha ujenzi wa Reli hiyo kutoka Tabora hadi Kigoma chenye urefu wa zaidi ya Kilomita 411.

Hayo yameelezwa jijini Dodoma na Waziri wa Fedha, Mhe. Dkt. Mwigulu Lameck Nchemba (Mb) alipokutana na kufanya mazungumzo na ujumbe kutoka Shirika la Bima la China (SINOSURE), ukiongizwa na Meneja Msaidizi wa Shirika hilo, Bi. Bi Xiaonan.Dkt. Nchemba amelishukuru Shirika la SINOSURE kwa kuendelea na taratibu za upatikanaji fedha za ukamilishaji wa mradi huo kwa kuwa vipande hivyo ni muhimu katika ukamilishaji wa mradi huo

 

[West london]

Michache sana angefanya 50

 

[bagamoyo]

25 September 2024

TRC ILIVYONYAKUA TUZO ZA JAMIIFORUMS USIKU WA STORIES OF CHANGE


View: https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=rMRFJP2rtcg

 

[bagamoyo]

All aboard the sparkling railway breaking new ground for East Africa​

Image source,Basillioh Rukanga / BBC
Author,Basillioh Rukanga & Alfred Lasteck

Shaped and coloured like the country’s rare gemstone, tanzanite, the sparkling new railway terminal in Dar es Salaam is a symbol of Tanzania’s transport ambitions.
The glass panels gleam in the sun, like an outsize version of the prismatic bluish-purple gem that glitters in the light.

The trains – powered by electricity, a first for the region – carry passengers from the commercial hub to the capital, Dodoma, in less than four hours, half the time it takes by road.


It marks the starting point of one of the country’s strategic projects – the building of a 2,560km (1,590-mile) Standard Gauge Railway (SGR) envisaged to connect key cities and link up with neighbours Burundi, Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of Congo.


The 460km (285-mile) Dar es Salaam to Dodoma leg has been open since August, when President Samia Suluhu described the railway as “a pathway to our future” that would "enhance our standing in the region".

In Dodoma, the station is another grand building, resembling the rocky hills around the city – an effort to blend the country’s natural heritage with modernity.

It is a reluctant capital. In the middle of the country, it was first designated the centre of power 50 years ago, but it took the strong-willed late President John Magufuli to force government bodies to relocate.

But as most commercial activity, and even some government work, continues in Dar es Salaam, a fast and efficient transport link between the cities has been seen as vital.

The electric train has also made it smooth and convenient for the ordinary Tanzanian. A far cry from the experience on the road or the older slower, narrower train that this service replaces.

Inside the train carriage, the seats are clean, comfortable and reclinable. There is a foldable tray table attached to each one. A member of the train crew is on hand to sell hot and cold drinks as well as snacks.

Image source,Tanzania Railways Corporation
Image caption,The terminal in Dar es Salaam is designed to resemble the gemstone tanzanite

In economy class there are five seats in each row, three on one side of the aisle and two on the other. In the business and luxury (royal) classes there are two seats on either side of the row, offering more comfort and legroom.


"We are grateful, we are not tired," Gloria Sebastian who lives in Dar es Salaam, tells the BBC during a trip to visit her family in Dodoma. She is happy about the convenience that the train provides.


And she is not alone.
The man who is overseeing the building and operation of the SGR service says at least 7,000 passengers travel on the eight daily services on the line, which is already approaching capacity.


Machibya Masanja tells the BBC that the demand has been so high that "we cannot meet it with those trips we are making per day. We expect the number [of passengers] will double or triple." There are plans afoot to add more journeys.

The popularity means that advance planning is essential as services can be fully booked several days in advance.

Payment must be made within an hour of booking in order to reserve a seat. An economy class trip to Dodoma costs a reasonable 40,000 Tanzanian shillings ($15; £11), while going business class will set you back 70,000 shillings ($26).


The early morning service leaves Dar es Salaam at 06:00 but people are required to turn up two hours earlier for security checks.

The inside of the tanzanite-shaped building resembles an airport terminal. Passengers queue up and go through thorough checks just like in an airport. The luggage is scanned and people are sometimes frisked before accessing the boarding lounge.


One man later told the BBC that he felt the intense scrutiny seemed unnecessary, and there does not seem to have been any direct security threat, but the atmosphere is good-natured.


Nevertheless, there is an edginess from officials evidenced by the fact that a police officer questioned the BBC team who were taking pictures at the terminal – but they were quickly cleared after some checks.


The boarding was calm and orderly and the train pulled away on time.
Gathering speed – the trains currently hit a maximum of 120km/h (75mph) but can go faster – it was soon whizzing through the outskirts of Dar es Salaam as the early morning sun began to illuminate the panoramic view.


We cross a vast countryside - scrub and grassland plains interspersed with views of lush farms – and pass a meandering river, craggy terrain and undulating hills.


There were also the tunnels, causing some discomfort in the eardrum.
“You are advised to be chewing something, yawn or keep your mouth open,” the announcer said, to the amusement of some passengers.
For first-timers, the excitement was evident.


Bernice Augustine was with her daughter for a weekend vacation in Dodoma.
"It is awesome," she says. "You cannot compare it with the old train: it's convenient, it's clean, it’s easy."

Image source,Basillioh Rukanga / BBC
Image caption,Bernice Augustine is a fan of the new train
Hilaly Mussa Maginga has bad memories of going on the old line. After the trip to Kigoma he vowed never to get on a train again as he was so tired and his lower back was in pain.


But his curiosity was piqued when he heard about the SGR.
"When you are used to travel for long distances, you sit until it hurts, so when you have this option to travel for a shorter time, there is a lot to enjoy. We've come from far, thank God," he says.


For Mr Maginga the journey on the SGR is a zen-like voyage, a calm, unperturbed travel experience.
The project’s journey to reach this point has not been entirely smooth.
From the initial groundbreaking in 2017, the first section had been scheduled for completion in 2019. But it faced lengthy delays which the railway company attributes to Covid and construction costs as well as labour issues.


There have also been questions about its huge cost, estimated at $10bn (£8bn) upon completion.
Turkish firm Yapi Merkezi is the main contractor for the route’s first four sections, including the Dar es Salaam to Dodoma segment, while Chinese firms are building the other two.

Image source,Basillioh Rukanga / BBC
Image caption,The station in the capital, Dodoma, represents the rocky outcrops common in the city
Funding has come from the Tanzanian government and lenders, including from Denmark and Sweden, the Chinese Exim bank and the African Development Bank.


But Mr Masanja says it is too soon to be worried about profitability, saying this will only be realisable once the entire network is complete. He adds that the service is generating enough passenger income to offset operation costs, and that from January the company plans to introduce freight trains.


For now, he says, "its social contribution is much more profitable".
The service has occasionally been disrupted by power failure but Mr Masanja says they are building a dedicated power transmission line, tapping into the country’s vast power generation capacity to eliminate the risk of unstable power.


Using electricity has reduced the cost of operations to about a third of what would have been spent on diesel, which neighbouring Kenya uses to power its own SGR line, he tells the BBC.
"We are the cheapest in the region, and in Africa, in terms of the cost," he says.


Not everyone is entirely happy, though.
Adam Ally Mwanshinga, chairman of the Dodoma Bus Terminal Agents’ Union, says his members have lost a significant part of their business because of the railway.


The modern bus station in the capital was not so long ago a bustling terminal, he says, adding there are now 4-500 fewer passengers each day.


While it is cheaper to travel by bus, the convenience of the train has been more attractive for many.
"Business is down and life is difficult," Mr Mwanshinga says.


"The buses can’t fill up and the many businesses here that used to benefit from the many people coming here are suffering," he says.


However he seems resigned to the situation, saying that the SGR development "has done well for the majority of the people".
"It is the nature of life - there are those who benefit and those who will suffer."

​

© The BBC

 

[bagamoyo]

29 October 2024

RELI KIPANDE CHA TABORA KALIUA MPANDA MABILIONI YA SHILINGI YATENGWA

View: https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=F_XyB8D1vAg

Maji mazito TRC kukarabati njia ya reli Tabora, Kaliua, Mpanda treni iongeze spidi toka 20km kwa saa hadi 70 km kwa saa katika reli ya mfumo wa MGR almararufu reli ya mkoloni. Ndoto za SGR reli mpya kipande hicho imeghairishwa

 

[bagamoyo]

SERIKALI KUTUMIA TSH BILIONI 379 UKARABATI WA RELI YA KALIUA, TABORA HADI MPANDA​

Serikali imepanga kutumia shilingi bilioni 379.3 kwa ajili ya ukarabati wa reli yenye urefu wa kilomita 210 kutoka Kaliua, Tabora hadi Mpanda Mkoani Katavi, pamoja na ujenzi wa njia ya kilomita 8 kwa ajili ya treni kupishana.

Akizungumza na Wananchi wa Kata Ugalla katika ziara yake ya kikazi tarehe 27 Oktoba 2024, Waziri wa Uchukuzi, Prof. Makame Mbarawa amesema Rais wa Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania Mhe. Dkt. Samia Suluhu Hassan ameidhinisha kiasi hicho cha fedha ili kuboresha huduma za usafiri na kuchochea maendeleo katika maeneo husika.

Amesisitiza kuwa wafanyakazi watakaoshiriki katika mradi huo watakuwa ni kutoka jamii ya Ugalla. Katika ziara hiyo, Waziri pia amezindua miradi mingine, ikiwemo ujenzi wa mabweni mawili ya shule ya Sekondari Ugalla River na mradi wa maji wa Kabuga na Bulembo ambao umegharimu shilingi bilioni 1.4 na unatarajiwa kunufaisha wakazi wapatao 16,871 katika eneo hilo.

 

[chiembe]

Kweli kabisa

 

[bagamoyo]

21 November 2024​

Bodi ya Usajili wa Wabunifu Majengo na Wakadiriaji Majenzi (AQRB)watembelea reli mpya sgr, Wagundua na Upendekeza mazito : ​

View: https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=roxRSJTigHw​

mwenyekiti wa bodi mbunifu wa majengo (Quantity Surveyor) Dr. Ludigija Boniface Bulamile akiongea kwa niaba ya ujumbe alioongozana nao wamegundua yafuatayo :

• Kuna uwazi mkubwa baina ya behewa na platform kiasi ni hatari kwa abiria wanaotaka kupanda na kushuka wanaweza kutumbukia. Mradi wa SGR haukuzingatia usalama kama mradi wa Mabasi ya Mwendokasi BRT Dar es Salaam ambapo hakuna gepu (nafasi / uwazi ) mkubwa baina ya platform na basi la mwendookasi
  
  
• Hakuna wazawa katika nafasi za kitaalamu za juu, ingawa TRC inasema 95% ya wafanyakazi ni wazawa lakini wazawa hawa nafasi zao ni ufundi mchundo kwenda chini. AQRB inashauri nafasi za utalamu wa juu katika mradi wa SGR uongeze wazawa ili wageni wakiondoka wazawa waweze kuongoza operations, ukarabati na uhudumiaji njia, mabehewa, njia za umeme, signals n.k
• Njia za reli kupishana hazitoshi, na ili ufanisi upatikane kuna haja ya kuongeza njia ya pili badala ya sasa ambapo treni husubiriana, ingawa TRC wanasema kwa sasa siyo changamoto
• Bodi ya QARB yasisitiza tangu mwanzo wataalamu watumike kwa kuwa wanafanya kazi kwa kuzingatia vipimo, matumizi, usalama na vigezo
• n.k

AQRB | Bodi ya Wakurugenzi

BODI YA USAJILI WA WABUNIFU MAJENGO NA WAKADIRIAJI MAJENZI | Bodi ya Wakurugenzi

www.aqrb.go.tz

 

[bagamoyo]

Bodi ya QARB yasisitiza tangu mwanzo wataalamu watumike kwa kuwa wanafanya kazi kwa kuzingatia vipimo, matumizi, usalama na vigezo

KAMATI YA BUNGE PIC, WANANCHI ACHENI KUHUJUMU MIUNDOMBINU SGR​

14 November 2024

Kamati ya Kudumu ya Bunge ya Uwekezaji ya Mitaji ya Umma - PIC imefanya semina na Viongozi wa Shirika la Reli Tanzania - TRC kwenye ukumbi wa mikutano uliopo katika jengo la stesheni ya SGR la John Pombe Magufuli jijini Dar es Salaam Novemba 14,2024.

Lengo la semina ya PIC ni kukagua maendeleo ya utekelezaji wa mradi na uendeshaji kwa ujumla, tangu safari za SGR zilipoanza usafirishaji wa abiria Dar es salaam hadi Morogoro mapema mwezi Juni 2024, hadi kufikia Dodoma mwezi Agosti 2024 zilipozinduliwa rasmi na Rais wa Jamuhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania Mhe. Dkt Samia Suluhu Hassan.


Mwenyekiti wa PIC Mhe. Augustine Vuma ameipongeza serikali ya awamu sita kwa kufanya uwekezaji mkubwa katika ujenzi wa reli ya kiwango cha kimataifa SGR ambao ni faida kwa nchi ya Tanzania na Afrika Mashariki na kati kwa ujumla.


"Zaidi ya Dola za kimarekani bilioni 10 zimewekezwa katika kufanikisha mradi wa SGR " ameeleza Mhe. Vuma
Akizungumza na wanahabari, Mwenyekiti wa PIC Augustine Vuma amesema kuwa kupitia mradi wa SGR hadi sasa faida ya Bilioni 20 zimepatikana katika usafirishaji wa abiria kutoka Dar es Salaam hadi Morogoro na Dodoma na kuongeza pato kubwa kwa shirika na taifa.


" Hii ni reli Mseto kwa maana inasafirisha abiria na mizigo, ifikapo mwakani 2025 usafirishaji wa mizigo rasmi utaanza na kuleta faida kubwa sana " alisema Augustine Vuma.


Naye Naibu Waziri kutoka Wizara ya Uchukuzi Mhe. David Kihenzile ametaja changamoto kadhaa ambazo zinarudisha nyuma na kukwamisha maendeleo ya mradi wa SGR hasa kwa vipande vilivyokamilika ikiwemo watu kuhujumu miundombinu ya reli kwa kukata nyaya za umeme, kuharibu fensi, na kusababisha uharibu wa miundombinu ya reli na hasara.


"Tumetoa maelekezo na ushauri kwa vipande ambavyo havijakamilika ujenzi pia tumepokea mipango na mikakati ya maendeleo kutoka TRC " amesema Mhe. David Kihenzile
Serikali itaendelea kuwa bega kwa bega na shirika la reli Tanzania-TRC katika kuhakikisha inatekeleza vyema miradi ya kimkakati ikiwemo mradi wa ujenzi wa SGR ili kuweza kuinua uchumi wa nchi na kuongeza pato la taifa kupitia Wizara ya Uchukuzi.
Source : tovuti ya shirika la reli Tanzania

 

[chiembe]

Huu ndio ukweli, hii kitu inaenda mpaka 2030

 

[Sappire]

Kwa Sasa awamu ya Samia itatuchukua Mika mwingine zaidi ya kumi baada ya kuisha hii kumi na tano ya mwanzo.Mama ameshindwa kusimamia miradi iliyoanzishwa na magufuli ambayo kipindi akiwa hai ilikuwa inafanyika Kwa kasi.