When examining if something is a pseudepigrapha, you look for any first references to it. For example, when looking at New Testament writings of Paull, one of the things looked at is Clements first epistle to the Corinthians. It is NOT part of the Bible, but is accepted by scholars as having been written between 60 and 96 AD. From the writings of Paul, he references 1 Corinthians, Romans, Galatians, Ephesians, and Philippians, Titus, 1 Timothy, part of Hebrews and material from the book of Acts. He makes indirect references to 2 Corinthians, Colossians, and 2 Timothy. He does not reference either 1 or 2 Thessalonians or Philemon
. That fact that these other letters are references by some who was a contemporary with Paul would be a good argue that they are genuine. While any other letters that appear later, are unlikely to be genuine.(Bible canonical commentary)
Maana yake zilikuja baadae lakini hazikuwa na criteria walizokuwa wamependekeza,,,mfano
The early church used four criteria to determine the canonicity of a New Testament book.
- First, each book was written by an apostle or one closely associated with an apostle.
- Second, the contents of these books were revelatory in nature.
- Third, these books were universally recognized by the church in their teaching and preaching ministry.
- Fourth, these books were considered inspired because they bore the marks of inspiration.
Ukiangalia vitabu ya tomas,yuda iskariot(ambae sijui aliiandikia wapi) ,,barnaba,,injili ya mary nk utagundua havina criteria hata moja ya hizi nne ambazo zilitumika kwa vitabu vya agano jipya..Na kama kanisa lilivikataa basi hata mtu anaesoma vitabu anaweza kuvipitia ndio atajua hawa watu waliokaa zaidi ya mamia ya miaka iliopita walikuwa hawafanyi kazi ya kuandaa mtaala wa kufurahishia watu,,,na ndio maana watu flani wamejitokeza na kudai kwamba maana ya homosexual ni pedophile na sio sodomy kwa kutumia reference wanazodai zipo lakini zilishakataliwa na kanisa kwa kuwa hazikuwa na vigezo.
Nachopenda kujenga hoja na wewe ni kuwa wewe ni msomi , very Smart na unajua unachokisema
Very nice..
i Think pia unajua kuhusu ishu ya
Synopsis au can i say
Synoptic gospels and unajua Why John is not a synoptic gospel while Mathew ,Luke and Mark are...
Ntachambua sababu moja ya kutokuwa synopsis John kwamba haikuwahi kufundishwa kabla ni injili mpya ni injili iliyoeleza new concepts of jesus ambayo hata baadhi ya mababa zetu wa zaman wa imani wengine waliikataa mwingine eusebian na ndo chanzo cha kupata Arianism,NeoArianism na hawa Orthodox churches za ethiopia.
Ngoja nikupe kidogo historia (Theological history of Denomination) maana zamani tulikuwa na Kanisa moja na moyo mmoja kabla ya kuja kwa uislamu Why we faced madhehebu...
Arius Alikuwa Askofu wa Alexandria miaka ya 280AD hivi na alisoma Antiochia/Antiokia (Kumbuka kipindi hicho mpaka uwe Askofu sio mchezo/ maana hakukuwa na kanisa lolote zaidi ya kanisa la mitume peke yake yaani imani ilikuwa ni moja) ambako kipindi hicho bado kulikuwa na mwanga wa mafundisho mengi ya paulo...
Baada ya kuanza kuingia Mafundisho ya Kitabu cha Yohana (Ambacho hata ukisoma historia ya kanisa ni kitabu kilichokuja inasemekana miaka 120AD) hivi kikaanza kuelezea kuhusu Mungu na Utatu mtakatifu ambayo huitwa
homoiousios concepts kwamba Mwana yuko sawa na baba kupitia yohana 1:1 concepts ya neno Mtu wa kwanza kuanza kuipinga hiyo concepts alikuwa Askofu Arius ambaye alikuwa akitawala sehemu kubwa sana Na aliyeleta concepts hii alikuwa Askofu au Mtawa Alexandria wa alexandria ambapo kwa wakati huo imani iliyokuwepo ilikuwa ni
Heteroousious yaani Mungu na Yesu ni vitu tofauti,Jiulize kama Yohana ingekuwa ni kitabu kifahamikacho je Askofu angepinga na huo utatu mtakatifu aliupinga sana..
Ikafika mahala nchi ikawa na mgawanyiko wanaoamini utatu na wasioamini wanaamini Yesu ni Mungu na Wasioamini.
Ikumbukwe mtawala wa kipindi hicho alikuwa ni constantine I ambaye hakuwa mtu wa dini alipoona nchi yake inaenda kombo ndo akaogopa kugawanyika kwa utawala wake hivyo haraka akataka kufanya suluhu ya mjadala huo,Akaita maaskofu wote Mataifa yote kwenye kikao ambacho kilifanyika Nicea (uturuki ya sasa) Mwaka 325AD kinachoitwa the
council of naecea I ili kijadili mstakabali wa mzozo huo kati ya alexander of alexandria na Arius kuhusu Mungu...Baada ya mgogoro Mwingi kuendelea kwenye kikao ndipo Constantine akawaambia wapige kura kwa bahati mbaya kura hazikutosha kwa Arius (Na kwa bahati mbaya Vitabu vyote vya refference vya arius vilichomwa moto vitabu zaiidi ya 500)..Na alitenguliwa uaskofu na Akafukuzwa kwenye kikao sasa hapo ndo vilipoingizwa vitabu kama
yohana (ambapo mpaka leo ni non synoptic)
Waebrania (Mpaka leo wanatheolojia wakuu hawajui nani mwandishi wake Japo wengine wnakichanel kwa paulo japo nao wanapinga baadhi ya mistari haikuandikwa na paul) na
kitabu cha Ufunuo (ambacho wanatheolojia wote wanakubaliana kuwa ni kitabu ambacho sio canonical) kw kuwa vitabu hivyo vinasupport mada yao ya Yesu ni Mungu wakaviweka.....
kutokana na mgogoro huo wwngne waliutumia kuingiza vitabu visivyofaa kama Gospel of barnaba na gospel of Thomas na kusema ni moja ya vitabu ambavyo havikuingizwa ILO SIKATAI HATA KIDOGO....
ILA HICHO KIKAO HAKIKUVUVIWA NA ROHO MTAKATIFU KMA ULIVYOKIITA WEWE ILA KILIWEKWA NA CONSTANTINE I KUHOFIA NAFASI YAKE ENDAPO KUTATOKEA MACHAFUKO NA NDIYO MWENYEKITI WA KIKAO HICHO NA ALIKUWA MPAGANI IKUMBUKWE HIYO
