Upumbavu halali wa Bertrand Russel na Schellenberg kuhusu uwepo wa Mungu
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Setfree, amejenga hoja ifuatayo:
- Mtu mwenye PhD, na anayedai kwamba Mungu hayupo, anakuwa ni MPUMBAVU kabisa.
- Kuna watu wana elimu ya juu kabisa, wana PhD, wanasema kwamba "Hakuna Mungu," wakiwemo kina Richard Dawkins, Lawrence Krauss, Karl Marx, na Bertrand Russel.
- Kwa hiyo, watu hawa ni "wapumbavu wa kutupwa."
Lakini, napendekeza kwamba hoja yake ni batili kwa sababu dokezo la kwanza halikubaliki, maana halina ukweli wowote.
Natumia mfano wa "wapumbavu" wawili, mmojawapo wa Uingereza na mwingine wa Ujerumani, kuonyesha kwamba dokezo lako la kwanza ni batili.
Bertrand Russel (Uingereza) alisema kuwa siku ya kiyama Mungu atajapokuja kuwahukumu watu wote yeye atajitetea hivi:
Bwana Mungu, nilijua haupo maana ushahidi uliokuwa hapa duniani haukuwa unatosha kuthibitisha uwepo wako mahali popote duniani.
Kisha Russel akaongeza kusema atamwuliza:
Bwana Mungu, kwa nini siku zote umekuwa unajificha kiasi hiki kama wezi, majambazi, wala rushwa, wazinzi na wahalifu awengine ambao hukimbia macho ya watu?
Hoja ya Russel inao muundo wa kimantiki ufuatao:
- If God exists, then nonbelief should not occur, meaning that, it would be impossible for people to disbelieve in him (incompatibility premise).
- But, nonbelief phenomenon specified in the above premise occurs in the actual world (existential premise).
- Therefore, deductively, it follows that, God does not exist.
Hoja hii inaweza kupewa muundo mbadala ufuatao:
- If nonbelief exists then, probably, God does not (improbability premise).
- Nonbelief probably exists (probability premise).
- Therefore, inductively, it follows that, God probably does not exist.
Hoja ya Russel iliungwa mkono na Wlter Schellenberg wa Ujerumani aliyeboresha hoja ya Russel kama ifuatavyo"
- Necessarily, if God exists, anyone who is (i) not resisting God and (ii) capable of meaningful conscious relationship with God is also (iii) in a position to participate in such relationship (able to do so just by trying).
- Necessarily, one is at a time in a position to participate in meaningful conscious relationship with God only if at that time one believes that God exists.
- Necessarily, if God exists, anyone who is (i) not resisting God and (ii) capable of meaningful conscious relationship with God also (iii) believes that God exists. (From 1 and 2)
- There are (and often have been) people who are (i) not resisting God and (ii) capable of meaningful conscious relationship with God without also (iii) believing that God exists.
- God does not exist
Mpaka hapo ili "upumbavu" wa kina Russel na Schellenberg anaouongelea Setfree ukubalike kwa wasomaji makini inabidi aonyeshe ubovu wa hoja zao hapo juu. Hajafanya hivyo.
Kwa hiyo, Setfree ajue kwamba siku akienda kuwahubiria watu wenye uelewa mkubwa kuliko yeye kama vile kina Russel lazima azabwe vibao kama hiyo jamaa hapo chini.
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