Wanajamvi nami nakuombeni msome hapo juu bold na hapa chini bold.
Kaniki ftnote 16 kasema Nyerere hakuwa anajulikana.
Lakini kuna raha katika hili bandiko kuna vitu vya kuhangaisha akili ya mtu maana Abdu Sykes
yeye akiiona TAA kama chama cha siasa toka 1950.
Aliowakaribisha katika chama wakaona vinginevyo.
Ila kichekesho hizo nyaraka zao za chama badala ya kuwa ofisi ya TANU Abdu anazo nyumbani
kwake Stanley Street.
Hii kheri kubwa ndiyo leo zikajanifikia mimi.
Zingekuwa New Street zishatiwa moto:
[TABLE="class: MsoNormalTable"]
[TR]
[TD]A team of party historians, commissioned by the Party-
Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) to research and write an official history of TANU, did not even mention Abdulwahids name in the entire book.
[1]
The dominant school of thought in the book is the assertion that before the emergence of Julius Nyerere in April 1953, when he was elected TAA President, the African Association leadership did not articulate any concrete political thought.
This premise has denied many patriots a place of honour in the political history of Tanzania and also eroded the status of the Association as a political movement. Local historians and post-independence party bureaucrats do not want to credit the African Association with a political identity. Kambona referred to the African Association as a debating society:
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 601"]''It is just a little over one year since the inception of the Tanganyika African National Union and during this period it has grown from strength to strength, sometimes in the teeth of great opposition. As you are well aware it superseded the former Tanganyika African Association which was little more than a debating society.''
[2]
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 601"]
Ulotu has referred to the organisation as a welfare association.
[3] Others have referred to the Association as a social organisation: Nyerere (1966),
[4] Japhet and Seaton (1966),
[5] John Hatch (1976).
[6]
In other places it is referred to as a semi-protest movement: Kaniki (1974),
[7] as a semi-political movement: Nyerere (1953).
[8]
Julius Nyerere appearing in an oral hearing at the Trusteeship Council at the United Nations, New York, on 7 th March, 1955, shifted his position and referred to the Association as a semi-political movement:
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 601"]
''The Tanganyika African National Union is, in one sense, a new organisation, but in another it is an old organisation. It was taken over from what was formerly called the Tanganyika African Association, which was founded in 1929, largely as a social organisation. The Tanganyika African National Union, which took over from the African Association about ten months ago, is a new organisation in the sense that it is a political organisation, where as the former was semi-political.''
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 601"]Other scholars have reduced the association to the level of club: Mwenegoha(1976) writes: In 1954, after 25 years of inertia, Nyerere remodelled TAA from a social club into a formidable political organisation called the Tanganyika African National Union.
[9]
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 601"]Abdulwahid as one of the main actors in the modern history of political parties in colonial Tanganyika referred to the association as a political party (1951).
[10]
Among writers and scholars who have analysed the African Association, it is only Nyerere and Hatch who have shifted their positions.
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 601"]Nyerere, writing to Edward Twining the Governor of Tanganyika on 10 th August, 1953, referred to TAA as a political party.
[11]
Nyerere has for a very long time maintained this view which has appeared in all his subsequent writings and speeches on the African Association.
[12]
But recently he qualified his earlier statements on the subject referring to the association as a political party without a political constitution.
Hatch (1976) refers to the association in one place as a social organisation
[13] and as a serious political party in another.
[14]
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 601"]John Kabudi has referred to the Association as a private civil organisation of a nationalistic character.
[15]
It is worth noting that even the pioneers of the organisation are not referred to as politicians. Kaniki, for lack of an appropriate word with which to refer to the pioneers, gave them quotation marks:
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 601"]'
'Nyerere, hitherto almost unknown to the majority of politicians in Tanganyika, was then schoolmaster at St. Francis Secondary School, Pugu, near Dar es Salaam, and he had been elected Territorial President the previous year.'' [16]
[/TD]
[/TR]
[TR]
[TD="width: 601"]Iliffe (1968)
[17] indicated that the written history of TANU was incomplete and went further in his analysis of the association perceiving its direction and membership as being political.
[/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]
[1] Kivukoni Ideological College, Historia ya Chama Cha TANU 1954-1977,Dar es Salaam, 1981.
[2] Oscar Kambona to Baldwin Rogers, 18 th October, 1955 Party Archives, Fabian Colonial Bureau File No.202.
[3] Ulotu A. Ulotu, Historia ya TANU, (1971) p. 11.
[4] Julius Nyerere, Freedom and Unity, Dar es Salaam, 1966, p. 38.
[5] Kirilo Japhet and Earle Seaton, The Meru Land Case, Nairobi, 1966, p.16.
[6] John Hatch, Two African Statesmen, London 1976, p.17.
[7] M.H.Y. Kaniki, TANU, The Party of Independence and National Consolidation in G. Ruhumbika(ed) Towards Ujamaa, Twenty Years of TANU Leadership, Nairobi, 1974, pp.1-2.
[8] Julius K. Nyerere, Tanganyika African Association, to Governor Edward Twining, 10 th August,1953. Sykes' Papers.
[9] H.A.K. Mwenegoha, Mwalimu Julius Kambarage Nyerere, Nairobi, 1976, p. 5.
[10] Secretary Tanganyika African Association to Chairman and members of the African Association 7 th January, 1951. Sykes' Papers.
[11] Julius K. Nyerere President Tanganyika African Association to Governor Edward Twining, 10 th August, 1953. Sykes' Papers.
[12] Nyerere, op. cit. p. 38.
[13] Hatch, op. cit. p.17.
[14] Ibid. p. 91
[15] John Kabudi, The Party System and Socialism in Tanzania (1986 Seminar Paper).
[16] Kaniki, op. cit. Also see Uamuzi wa Busara, Idara ya Habari ya Chama, p. 2.
[17] John Iliffe, The Role of the African Association in the Formation and Realization of Territorial Consciousness in Tanzania. Mimeo. University of East Africa Social Sciences Conference, 1968, p.24.