Taarifa nyingi unazotoa ww ni za kusimuliwa na either wazee wenyewe, wake zao na watoto wao sasa masimulizi kama hayo yanathibitishwaje? Una nyaraka zozote uziweke hapa mbali na picha?
Zngn tutaendelea kuulizana
Mpaji,
Nakuwekea nyaraka, picha na citations za watafiti wengine:
[1] A biography of Hassan Suleiman appears in Iliffe (ed) ‘The Politicians Ali Ponda and Hassan Suleiman,’ in
Modern Tanzanians, pp.227-253.
[1] This chapter was written with the help of a paper by Aisha Daisy Sykes presented as seminar paper at the University of Dar es Salaam in 1968.
Daisy wrote this paper with the assistance of her father Abdulwahid Sykes, from an original manuscript written by Kleist Sykes.
Other information on
Al Jamiatul Islamiyya fi Tanganyika is from Tewa Said Tewa’s unpublished manuscript, ‘A Probe In the History of Islam in Tanganyika’. Other information is from Ali Mwinyi Tambwe, secretary
Al Jamiatul Islamiyya in the early 1940s.
[1]Buruku, op. cit. p.96.
[1]Harmine von Wissman was an explorer and soldier.
He led the supression of the resistance of 1888-1889 and was Governor of German East Africa in 1895-1896.
[1]Iliffe,
A Modern History of Tanganyika, p. 95.
[1] Dr James Kwegyir Aggrey was born in 1875 and was educated in Cape Coastal Methodist School. He became a teacher and headmaster and was an interpreter for the 1896 Ashanti Expedition.
He went to America and graduated from Livingstone College and Hood Theological Seminary where he was ordained.
He later gained his doctorate from Columbia University. Dr Aggrey served on Phelps -Stokes Commissions of 1920 and 1924, which were appointed to inquire into African education.
It was while serving in this Commission that he visited Tanganyika.
He was appointed Vice-Principal of Achimota College in 1924 and died three years later in 1927.
[1] Buruku, op. cit. p.101.
[1] Buruku, p.101. For a similar argument see Jan P van Bergen,
Development and Religion, (Madras, 1981) pp.171-2.
Bergen's book contains very incriminating information and evidence on Nyerere and the Catholic Church's conspiracy to marginalise Muslims.
When this was realised the book was quietly removed from circulation.
[1] Jan P van Bergen, op. cit. p. 203.
[1] After the end of this conflict Tambwe was transferred to Tabora.
This transfer was imposed on Tambwe as punishment for his involvement in politics.
He came back to Dar es Salaam in 1952 and Tambwe continued working with
Al Jamiatul Islamiyya until when Zuberi Mtemvu recruited him to join TANU in August, 1954.
Mtemvu wrote a pencil note to Ally Sykes recommending Tambwe.
Tambwe was not a member of the African Association in Dar es Salaam. He moved straight from
Al Jamiatul Islamiyya to TANU.
[1]Information from Mwalimu Bahia interviewed in 1990.
[1]See Major St. J. Orde Browne, Labour Adviser to the Secretary of State for Colonies, London, His Majesty's Stationery Office, 1946, Colonial No. 93.
[1]Chief Adam Sapi Mkwawa's biography appears in
Baragumu, April 12, 1956. He was educated at Tabora and Makerere where he went to study medicine.
He did not complete his study as he was forced to return home to become chief of the Wahehe.
He was elected member of the Legislative Council in 1947 at the age of 27. In 1955 Abdulwahid and Dossa were invited by Adam Sapi to Kalenga at the ceremony of handing over the skull of Chief Mkwawa to his great-grandson Adam Sapi.
Chief Mkwawa was secretly recruited into TANU by Dossa Aziz thus becoming one of the very few traditional rulers to support the Party. For information on chiefs who supported TANU see
Sauti ya TANU, No. 22 of 28 th February, 1958.
[1]Information on Abdulwahid and the Dockworkers’ Union is from M.I. Barakat interviewed on 16 th August, 1987.
[1]Report by Major St. J. Orde Browne, C.M.G; , O.B.E. Labour Adviser to the Secretary of State for Colonies, London, His Majesty's Stationery Office, Colonial Vol. 193, 1946 p. 61, Dar es Salaam University
[1] LDAR, 1945, p.5.
[1]For a detailed account of the strike see Iliffe, ‘A History of Dockworkers of Dar es Salaam’ in
Tanzania Notes and Records," 71 (1970) p.130.
A shortened version ‘The Creation of Group Consciousness Among Dockworkers’ appears in Robin Cohen and Sandbrook (eds)
Towards an African Working Class (London, 1975), pp. 49-72.
Also see Henry Mapolu,
Workers and Management, (Dar es Salaam, 1976), p.139. Also N.S.K. Tumbo, ‘Towards NUTA’ in
Labour in Tanzania, University of Dar es Salaam Studies in Political Science, No.5. pp. 2-3.
All these works have acknowledged the 1947 port labour movement as the turning point in the history of labour relations in Tanzania except A.C.A. Tandau,
Historia ya Kuundwa kwa TFL (1955-1962) na Kuanzishwa kwa NUTA, (Dar es Salaam, 1964).
[1]Information from Rashid Mussa interviewed at Tabora in 1988.
[1] See footnote No.61.
[1]Jeffery Butler and A.A. Castagno (eds) ‘Politics in Independent African States’,
A Prolegomenon in Boston University Papers on Africa: Transition in African Politics pp. 67-68.
[1] M.A. Bienefield, ‘Trade Unions, The Labour Process,’
JMAS Vol. 17 No. 4 December, 1979, pp. 557-558.
[1] A biography of Erika Fiah is in
Kwetu No.11, 4 th August, 1940.
[1]
Kwetu, June, 1944. Also Buruku, op. cit. p. 103.
[1] Buruku, op. cit. p.103. Also
Kwetu, June, 1944.
[1] See Iliffe, ‘The Spokesman: Martin Kayamba’ in Iliffe (Ed),
Modern Tanzanians, op. cit. pp. 66-94.
[1]
Kwetu, 29 June, 1940.
[1]
Kwetu, 17 October, 1940.
[1] Iliffe, ‘A History of Dockworkers...’ p.119. Tanganyika Labour Report, 1947.
[1] Iliffe, ‘A History of Dockworkers...’
[1] Father Van Ostroom,
Kiongozi Gazeti Katoliki, 1950, Vol.1 No.11. p. 192.
[1] Iliffe, ‘
A History of Dockworkers...’ op. cit. p.137.
[1]
ARLD p
.15.
[1] Henry Mapolu,
Workers and Management, TPH, Dar es Salaam, 1976, p. 139.
[1] See Helge Kjeshus,
Labour in Tanzania, (Dar es Salaam, 1977), passim.
[1] Iliffe, ‘Tanzania Under British Rule’ in B.A. Ogot and J. Kieran (Eds)
Zamani: A Survey of East African History, East African Publishing House, 1968 p. 22 quoted in African Studies Working Paper No. 8, April, 1979, by G.W. Reeves.
[1] See E.A. Mang'enya,
Discipline and Tears, Dar es Salaam, 1984 p. 231.
[1] Iliffe, ‘
A History of Dockworkers...’ op. cit. p. 119.
Also A.C.A. Tandau,
Historia ya Kuundwa kwa TFL (1955-1962) na Kuanzishwa kwa NUTA, Dar es Salaam, 1964.
[1] The author has borrowed this concept from Judith Listowel who in identifying the Makerere influence and school of thought in the politics of Tanganyika has labelled the Makerere graduates of the 1950s, 'Makerere intellectuals'.
[1] For a detailed account see Dr John C. Sivalon,
Kanisa Katoliki na Siasa ya Tanzania Bara 1953 Hadi 1985, (Ndanda, 1992) passim.
[1] Information from Dossa who was witness to the fracas.
[1] Information from Dossa Aziz interviewed in 1987.
Also see Iliffe, ‘
A Modern History...’ pp. 507-508. Mtamila survived the turmoil and was the elder politician who welcomed John Hatch of the Labour Party of Great Britain when he visited Tanganyika in 1955 as guest of TANU.
[1] Annual Report of the Secretary of Tanganyika African Association, 7 January, 1951. Sykes' Papers.
[1]For a detailed discussion on the subject see Cranford Pratt,
The Critical Phase in Tanzania 1945-1968, Cambridge University Press, London, 1976, pp. 29-31.
[1]Ibid p. 30.
[1]The author was for the first time informed of the existence of this document by one of Mwapachu's children, Juma Volter Mwapachu.
He was informed that Mwapachu took great pride in having participated in the drafting of this document. In her book Listowel mentioned this document and its historical significance to the political history of Tanganyika.
But it was Pratt who analysed the document in detail.
The document was first consulted by Pratt in 1959 in a file of the Committee on ‘Constitutional Development Report/and Despatches to the Secretary of State’ no. 1146-6, Dar es Salaam Secretariat Library.
Although this file is available at the Tanzania National Archives, the document is missing.
The author was informed that a microfilm of the document was available but that too could not be traced. For more information on loss of historical documents see M. Said, ‘In Praise of Ancestors Revisited’ in
Africa Events, London March, 1989, pp. 50-51.
[1] Annual Report of the secretary of TAA, ibid.
[1] Pratt op. cit. p. 30.
[1] There are old men, TANU veterans, who believe to this day that the March 1955 speech by Julius Nyerere before the Trusteeship Council was written by Abdulwahid, and so was the constitution of Tanganyika.
The author has come across this story several times in his interviews with early members of TANU.
The reason for this belief is that the document was drafted by the TAA Political Subcommittee in 1950.
Tanganyika Intelligence Summary
Tanganyika Intelligence Summary
Mwalimu Bahia na Sheikh Abbas Ramadhani Abbas
Tewa Said Tewa
(‘Probe In the History of Islam in Tanzania’)
(Unpublished)