However,
Mzee Mwanakijiji unatuchanganya kidogo pale unapotumia practical failures to justify theory and principle katika suala husika, je should practice justify theory and principle au theory/principle should justify practice in our context?
Naamni both theory na practice are equally important. All must be taken into account. Theory inasaidia kutumia tulichojifunza kutatua tatizo moja kwa njia mbalimabli. For example, a social worker working toward the protection of a vulnerable child itambidi a-justify practice yake kwa kutumia theories. Kama akiamua kutumia systems theory in their practice, then they must show kwa nini wamechagua hiyo approach instead of others approaches kama task-centred approach.
Most of the practical failures zinakuwa hazina foundations. Hazina basis au zina-adopt wrong approaches. Kama nyumba haina msingi mzusiri sidhani kama itadumu. Huu mchakato wa Katiba mpya uliibuka from nowhere. Hata mchoro wa ramani haukuwepo kwenye Ilani ya CCM. Kabla ya mchakato kuanza CCM hawajawhi kukaa chini na kufanya hata background study ya kuwa na Katiba mpya and how this should be achieved. Hata hivyo, watu wengi bado hawajiulizi how come CCM walifanya U-turn kubwa hivyo tena bila indicators na kuja na gia ya katiba mpya? Hawa akina Jaji Werema si walishasema hatuhitaji katiba mpya? If so, how come, wamekuwa entrusted kutengeneza katiba mpya ambayo walisema hatuhihitaji? How do you trust these sort of people?
It is well known na haihitaji hata theory kusema kuwa process ya kutengenza katiba lazima iwe participatory in nature na lazima infanywe na constituent assembly ambalo ni specialiased, liliyoundwa mahususi kwa ajili ya kutengeneza katiba mpya.
Of course, constitution making should not be idealised. Kuna umuhimu pia wa ku-take into account historia na tamaduni za nchi husika. Mfano, nchi za Amerika ya Kusini huwa zinatumia mabunge ya katiba, nchi za Afrika Magharibi hasa zile zilizotawaliwa na Ufaranza zinatumia constitutional conferences, Nigeria inatumia tume ikifuatiwa na aina fulani ya "Bunge la Katiba". Hii practice inatumika pia Afrika Mashariki kama tunavyoina sasa hapa nchini.
Hata hivyo, lazima kuwe na basis ya hiyo practice. Ni muhimu hiyo approach kuwa na misingi. Vinginevyo, kama nguvu za kisiasa kwenye process mzima zikiachwa kama zilivyo zinaweza kushape siasa na kuleta authoritarian regime kama ilivyotokea Venezuela au nguvu hizo za kisiasa kulazimisha aina ya katiba inayotakiwa na kikundi fulani na kusababisha mchakato mzima kuanguka kama ilivyotokea Bolivia.
Hivyo, ni muhimu process ya kutengeneza ya katiba mpya iongozwe na some normative principles. Vinginevyo, ni sawa na kuwa na sheria ambayo haina policy backing. Hizo normative principles ni pamoja na
- Process ya kutengeneza katiba lazima ifanywe na bunge la katiba lililochaguliwa na wananchi moja kwa moja.
- Hili bunge la katiba lazima liwe na unlimted power in the constitutional making. Litakuwa na unlimited power kwa sababu ilitakuwa limechaguliwa directly na wananchi ambao ndiyo wenye mamlaka ya mwisho na nchi yao.
- Mchakato mzima wa kutengeneza katiba mpya lazima uwe inclusive and participatory.
Hoja ya Jaji Warioba imejikita on the fact kuwa kwa vile the so called "Bunge la Katiba" is not Bunge la Katiba per se, basi halina unlimited power ya kubadilisha rasimu ya tume yake ambayo anadai imebeba maoni ya Watanzania. Anaweza kuwa sahihi kwa sababu hilo bunge la katiba halichaguliwa na wananchi. Wapo wanaosema kuwa wabunge wa bunge la kawaida wamechaguliwa na wananchi lakini pamoja na kuwepo pia kwa wabunge walioteuliwa, hao waliochaguliwa hawakuchaguliwa muhsusi kwa ajili ya kutengeneza katiba. Laiti tungekuwa na job descrption za wabunge wa kawaida ndo tungejua kama moja ya kazi yao ni kutengeza katiba mpya. Tunaposema katiba ni sheria mana inajumuisha pia na the way inavyotengenezwa.
On the other hand, the fact kuwa bunge hili la katiba halijachaguliwa, haina maana kuwa tume ya Jaji Warioba inakuwa superior, simply because hata tume yake haikuchaguliwa na wananchi. Neither maoni iliyokusanya yanawakilisha maoni ya Watanzania wote kwenye masuala yote yanayowagusa. Tume yake si ilipewa terms of reference na ilitakiwa kuchukuwa maoni ya watu kulingana na hizo terms of reference?
Yaani jinsi mchakato mzima ulivyokuwa designed is highly political. Uteuzi wa Tume ya Jaji Warioba ulikuwa highly debatable na mpaka sasa Warioba anajaribu ku-justify kilichofanywa na tume yake. Was the Commission representative of the people? The terms of reference za hiyo tume are much debatable. Kwa ni wananchi wawe dictated na terms of reference katika kutoa maoni yao?
Tukija kwenye hilo Bunge la Katiba, nchini Brazil Bunge lao la Katiba lilikuwa directed kujadili na kuipitia tuu rasimu ya katiba kama anavyotaka Jaji Warioba, lakini hili lilikataliwa kwa sababu ingefanya bunge hilo kuwa rubber stamp ya kupitisha rasimu kuwa katiba bila hata kujadiliwa. Lakini kule East Timor, chama cha Fretilin, ambacho ni chama kilichokuwa na nguvu kwenye Bunge la Katiba kiliweza kulitumia bunge hilo na kuubadilisha kabisa mchakato mzima kwa faida yake kwa kuhakikisha kuwa Bunge la Katiba linajadili na kupitisha rasimu iliyowekwa mezani na chama hicho.