strait of hormuz

The Strait of Hormuz ( Persian: تنگهٔ هُرمُز, romanized: Tangeh-ye Hormoz , Arabic: مَضيق هُرمُز, romanized: Maḍīq Hurmuz) is a strait between the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman. It provides the only sea passage from the Persian Gulf to the open ocean and is one of the world's most strategically important choke points. It has been so for centuries, with vast hinterlands rich in luxury trade goods, but no easy access to lucrative trading ports. In his memoirs, Babur, the first padishah of the Mughal Empire, recounted how almonds had to be carried from the distant Ferghana region in Central Asia to Hormuz to reach markets.
On the north coast lies Iran, and on the south coast lies the Musandam Peninsula, shared by the United Arab Emirates and the Musandam Governorate, an exclave of Oman. The strait is about 104 miles (90 nmi; 167 km) long, with a width varying from about 60 mi (52 nmi; 97 km) to 24 mi (21 nmi; 39 km).
During 2023–2025, 20% of the world's liquefied natural gas and 25% of seaborne oil trade passed through the strait annually. The strait had never been closed for extended time during Middle East conflicts (unlike the Straits of Tiran/Bab-el-Mandeb) though Iran occasionally had threatened to close the strait, and preparations to mine it have been undertaken.
On 28 February 2026, Iran's Revolutionary Guards began issuing VHF transmissions stating that ship passages through the Strait of Hormuz were "not allowed", amid the 2026 Israeli–United States strikes on Iran, including the assassination of Iran's leader.

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