Wakuu, naomba mniwie radhi kwa kutoweka kidogo kwenye mjadala huu muhimu kwa mustakabali wa taifa letu;Naona mjadala umepamba sana moto, nitajitahidi kurudi baadae kujadili masuala mbalimbali kwa kina (yani kuchangia mawazo yangu kutokana na hoja mbalimbali zilizotolewa na wadau mbalimbali); Ningependa tuuangalie uchumi wetu kwa mtazamo wa mtanzania wa kawaida - je, ni kitendawili au mazingaombwe? Kwani iwapo ni kitendawili, basi ni suala la kukitegua tu kupitia reforms zinazoendelea, lakini iwapo ni mazingaombwe, basi reforms pekee hazitoshi, badala yake tunahitaji to undergo a structural transformation; Ningependa kusikia mawazo yenu juu ya mtazamo wangu huu;
Nitarejea tena kwa kujadilia masuala muhimu kwa kina, ila kwa sasa - Nikitazama kwa haraka haraka, maoni ya wengi yapo katika maeneo yafuatayo katika kuelezea kwanini hatujapiga hatua:
*Lack of trickle down policies kufanikisha impact of economic growth imfikie mwananchi wa kawaida (mfano,
Kobello);
*Utekelezaji wa mfumo wa kibepari na madhara yake katika jamii inayokosa prerequisites needed for take off ( mfano,
Mkandara, karibu kwenye mjadala);
*Kwa kiasi fulani, poor leadership baada ya mwalimu kuondoka madarakani
Nguruvi3, nipo sawa hapa?);
Kichuguu nae anagusia suala hili;
*Kwa kiasi kikubwa, bad foundation iliyojengwa na Mwalimu katika mikakati ya kujenga misingi ya kukuza na kuendeleza uchumi wenye manufaa kwa walio wengi
Zakumi, nipo sawa hapa?);
*Ukosefu wa sera na mipangilio ya kushirikisha umma au serikali kwa niaba yao katika suala zima la matumizi ya rasilimali za taifa (mfano
Ngongo), huku pia akijadili suala zima la lack of fiscal discipline;
*Deficiencies in human capital or lack of investment in education (kwa mfano
Nguruvi3, @kichuhuu
gfsonwin, @zembemkuu,
Zakumi);
*Ukosefu wa serikali katika ushiriki wa uzalishaji kwenye uchumi (mfano
Ngongo), mtazamo ambao kwa kiasi fulani unaendana na wa
Nguruvi3, na kupishana na
Zakumi; kwa maana nyingine, participation ya serikali as a marginal regulator na mkusanyaji tu kodi (tena barely)inachangia mambo kutokuwa swa, tofauti kama serikali ingekuwa strategically & selectively involved in production, facilitation/providing an enabling environment for the indegenous private and SME sectors kushiriki katika uchumi unaopigiwa makofi na wanasiasa wa ccm;
*Umuhimu wa science and technology and innovation policies and strategies
gfsonwin), ambayo mimi nadhani hii ni issue
#1 kwa umuhimu wa taifa letu kujipanga ingawa sio wengi waliojadili suala hili la role of STI;
Kuna masuala mengine mengi ambayo mtaniwia radhi kama nimesahau kuyataja; Yote haya yanajadiliwa kwamba ndio sababu ya msingi kwanini hatuoni madhara ya kukua kwa uchuni kwa mwananchi wa kawaida huku takwimu zikidi kuonyesha kwamba karibia 90% ya watanzania wanaishi under $2 a day (chini ya shillingi elfu nne kwa siku); nadhani tukizingatia mahitaji ya kila siku ambayo ni muhimu kwa their livelohood strategies (nauli, vocha, chakula), haya tu matatu ni ngumu kuyapata kwa uhakika kila siku;
Last but not least, nigusie masuala mawili: Kwanza ni hoja ya
Nguruvi3 kwamba export promotion is a must do strategy, na kwamba ni muhimu kujikita katika maeneo ambayo we have a comparative advantage (ardhi, utalii, madini n.k); Hapa ningependa kusikia zaidi kutoka kwake on how we can balance between producing for exports and meeting local needs katika muktadha ambao our market is flooded with Chinese products; Kwa kugusia kidogo tu, south africa kwa kiasi fulani wanajitahidi ku balance between the two, sisi changamoto zipo wapi?
Nguruvi3 kajadili masuala ya viwanda kufeli kutokana na high input costs, je kuna masuala mengine? Anajadili pia juu ya umuhimu wa kujenga core competency katika maeneo fulani ili tuwe competitive, je ni suala la human capital development peke yake?
Suala la pili hapa nalopenda kugusia ni hoja ya
Zakumi katika bandiko
#1 3 ambapo anasema kwamba mkakati wa Mwalimu didn't make sense i.e the mixture of import substitution and exports promotion strategy; Ningepenga kufahamu iwapo failure kwa mtazamo wake ilianzia kwenye drawing board au katika implementation; Pia
Zakumi amejadili kwamba unapokosa jamii isiyo na skilled labour, basi ni lazima ku export raw materials and natural resources ili uweze ku import expertise, talent na capital; Mkuu
Zakumi:
Pamoja na mapungufu ya mwalimu, lilipokuja suala la rasilimali za taifa na wananchi, aliamini zaidi katika haki ya mungu kuliko haki ya mzungu;hali hiyo ikatoweka baada ya yeye kutoweka;
Lakini pamoja na hayo, mara tu baada ya uhuru, tulielezwa na bwana wakubwa nje kwamba role ya serikali should be to create an enabling environment to attract wawekezaji wa nje;tukaambiwa kwamba - sababu kwanini sisi maskini na tuna uchumi duni ni kwamba - hatuna capital;lakini we had abundant labor;ili kuendelea, ni lazima tukaribishe capital kutoka nje; na ili kufanikisha hilo, ni lazima tu create the necessary incentives - tax holidays, easy repatriations of profits, strict labour laws to keep workers' discipline in check, etc; tukafanya yote hayo mwanzoni mwa 1960s; kwa mfano, moja ya sheria za kwanza kupitishwa na bunge la TANU ilikuwa ni foreign investments(protection) act ya mwaka 1962 pamoja na preventive detention act mwaka huo huo;baadae kidogo a variety of anti strike laws nazo zikaja; pamoja na haya yote
Zakumi, foreign investors wakatupotezea kwa namna fulani, hivyo tukashindwa kutumia mkakati wako kikamilifu uliosheheni hoja kwamba (rejea bandiko lako
#1 3):
Unapokuwa na jamii lacking skilled labour, YOU MUST export raw materials and natural resources so that you import expertise, talent and capital
;
Na hapa sasa hoja ya
Nguruvi3 dhidi ya hoja yako itakuwa na mashiko:
By the time tunaingia katika azinio la arusha, kulikuwa na very little foreign investments zimeingia nchini; cha ajabu ni kwamba, inflow ilianza kushika kasi baada ya azimio la arusha! (Rejea takwimu zilizopo); katika miaka ya 1960s-70s, tukawa tuna move erratically baina ya import substitution na export oriented industrialization kwa kutumia STATE CAPITAL, na kidigo local private capital na fedha nyingi kama mkopo toka nje pamoja na private management contracts;miradi hii (mingi), ilikufa, hilo tunajua, na ni kwa sababu nyingi tu za ndani na nje ya nchi; tukiacha hili la sababu kwa muda, tuangalie matokeo:
*We manage to establish mass good industries kama textile, oil, leather etc kwa mafanikio makubwa sana; kumbuka, most mass good industries zilijengwa kwa state capital, very little came from loans and foreign capital; Cha ajabu ni kwamba: kufuatia liberalization, marketization and privatization, a process of de-industrilization set in; again, more useful industries built na state capital as discussed hapo juu were the hardest hit, why? Because of nyerere? Cha kuchanganya akili watanzania - george kahama alikuwa ni kiongozi aliyesimamia na kuratibu our industrilization chini na NDC in the 1970s;huyu huyu baadae in late 1980s akapewa tena jukumu la kusimamia de-industrilization lama mkubwa wa kwanza wa IPC (investment pronotion centre), leo ikiitwa TIC, akiwa na Karabani kama deputy wake; Kingine cha kutushangaza wananchi - waziri kighoda ndiye aliyesimamia uuzwaji wa viwanda hivi in the 1990s kuelekea karne ya 21 (2000); leo hii kapewa dhamana ya kufufua viwanda nchini; ndio maana naishia kuuliza, hivi kwa maskini wa tanzania, uchumi wetu ni kitendawili au mazingaombwe?
Mwisho - je matatizo na changamoto tulizojadili humu, je zinahitaki kipi kati ya haya:
*Reforms (tuendelee katika kuamini kwamba reforms can work and deliver to the poor as long as kuna political will)? Au
*Structural transformation? au this can come about kupitia reforms?
*Revolutionary ideas?
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