Kituo cha uchunguzi wa magonjwa CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention cha Marekani kinasema ugonjwa mpya Kusini mwa Afrika ulianzia Congo DR.
Na watu wengi toka DR Congo hufika Kilwa na Lindi kwa shughuli za kibiashara kama kununua dagaa n.k Na pia watu kutoka Tanzania nao huenda kule DR Congo kwa shughuli mbalimbali za kibiashara, kiuchumi na kijamii.
Maeneo ya dunia ambapo ugonjwa huo umeripotiwa na sasa wataalamu wanafuatilia
Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) Distribution Map
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Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF)
Section NavigationSigns & Symptoms
The onset of CCHF is sudden, with initial signs and symptoms including headache, high fever, back pain, joint pain, stomach pain, and vomiting. Red eyes, a flushed face, a red throat, and petechiae (red spots) on the palate are common. Symptoms may also include jaundice, and in severe cases, changes in mood and sensory perception.
As the illness progresses, large areas of severe bruising, severe nosebleeds, and uncontrolled bleeding at injection sites can be seen, beginning on about the fourth day of illness and lasting for about two weeks.
In documented outbreaks of CCHF, fatality rates in hospitalized patients have ranged from 9% to as high as 50%
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) virus (family
Nairoviridae) was first recognized in the Crimean Peninsula (in the south of present-day Ukraine) in an outbreak among agricultural workers in the 1940s. The same virus was isolated in 1956 from a single patient in present day Democratic Republic of Congo, giving the virus its name. The virus is spread by infected ticks or livestock, and person-to-person transmission can also occur.
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In October 2008, an outbreak of hemorrhagic fever was reported in Al-fulah, Kordufan, Sudan. The index patient was a 60-year-old man who had worked as a butcher. The source of his infection was suspected to have been tissues and blood of an infected animal, although follow-up investigation was unable to precisely determine the source. He was admitted to a rural hospital with an acute febrile hemorrhagic illness after 3 days of high fever, chills, and headache. He had taken antimalarial medication at home, but his condition did not improve. He had epistaxis, black bloody vomitus, and diarrhea on the last 2 days of his illness. He died on day 5 after onset of illness.
No protective gloves or antiseptic products were available at the hospital. Illness developed in a male nurse who had provided care to the index patient 6 days after the index patient had been admitted to the hospital and in the chief male nurse a few days after that. The index patient’s sister was also considered to have a suspected case; she had sought care at the hospital after a heavy menstrual period that progressed to massive vaginal bleeding. The midwife who performed the gynecologic examination later became ill with high fever, vomiting of blood, and bloody diarrhea. As is tradition and social obligation in rural hospitals in this region, 2 relatives of the index patient had alternated caring for him (e.g., dressing him, changing his mattresses and bed sheets, nursing, and sleeping beside him) while he was in the hospital, and both acquired the infection (rapid onset of fever, headache, nausea, vomiting of blood, and bloody diarrhea). No details were available for 3 other patients with hemorrhagic fever associated with the hospital.
Of these 10 patients, 9 were admitted to a rural hospital in Al-fulah, where 6 continued to bleed, subsequently became comatose, and died. Records were unavailable for the other 3. In addition, 3 probable cases in the community were reported. Each of these 3 persons had a course of hemorrhagic disease and death that was compatible with CCHF; they had not been admitted to the hospital and could not be traced because of poor security conditions in the region. Patient ages varied from 15 to 70 years. Nosocomial transmission of the virus was likely the result of lack of personal protection for the hospital staff and the attending relatives, as has been often noted during previous outbreaks (
6).
Of the patients for whom READ MORE :
Nosocomial Outbreak of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever, Sudan
