Utawala wa majimbo ni mzuri kwani pesa inayokusanywa sehemu husika huendeleza sehemu husika hata china wanatumia mfumo wa majimbo siyo wakuu wa mikoa RC mfumo uliopitwa na wakati na wa kishamba sana
Haya ngoja nikuelimishe mfumo wa majimbo China kichwa chako kilichokaa vibaya uelewe vizuri
Serikali za majimbo zaweza fafanuliwa vizuri na mfumo wa majimbo wa CHINA .
Kila raia wa China ana kitambulisho kinachoitwa HUKOU. Hicho ni kama kitambulisho cha jimbo la Kwenu kwa wazazi wako yaani place of origin ya ukoo wako.Ukitaka kwenda jimbo lingine unatakiwa kuwa na visa kukubaliwa kuishi jimbo lingine ambako sio ukoo wako wa mababu na mababu ulitokea,Wakibaki wenyewe wenye jimbo ndio watajichagulia RC au DC awe nani
.Hii ikija KILIMANJARO wajiandae maumivu na kurudi kwao kama wanaishi majimbo mengine ambako sio koo zao zilikozaliwa.Wanatakiwa wafungashwe virago warudi kwenye koo zao wakaishi huko,wakafaidi raslimali zao huko na ajira huko na ardhi huko wasikae mahali ambapo sio majimbo ya koo zao waachie wenye koo zao.Kwa mfumo wa Majimbo koo za MBOWE hazitakiwi Dar es salaam wala ukoo wa LIsu marufuku DAR WANATAKIWA KWENDA KWAO KILIMANJARO NA SINGIDA mkoa wa DAR inatakiwa waachie koo za wazaramo na bandari zao na ardhi yao na ajira zao na raslimali zao na fursa zao huko ila DAR WAFUNGE VIRAGO NA MAJIMBO MENGINE YOTE AMBAPO SIO KWAO KWA KOO ZAO WAFUNGE VIRAGO WAWAACHIE WENYE KOO ZAO WA ENEO HUSIKA ili kila mtu afaidi kilichoko katika eneo la ukoo wake wa mababu na mababu
Angalia serikali ya majimbo China inavyofanya kazi ili kuhakikisha raslimali,ajira na fursa wanaofaidi ni koo tu za eneo husika kupitia mfumo wa majimbo wa HUKOU
China introduced the
hukou system in 1958 – a
hukou book was assigned to each household to classify the resident’s
hukou by their place of origin. The practice continues.
The
hukou system categorizes each Chinese citizen as either an agricultural (rural)
hukou holder or a non-agricultural (urban)
hukou holder.
Rural
hukou are usually assigned to residents who live in towns and villages; urban
hukou are usually for those who live in larger cities – each type of
hukou enjoys different and specific rights.
As a legal document that is attached to one’s household registration, the
hukou is also inherited. For example, if the parents hold an agricultural
hukou – all their descendants would also hold a rural hukou.
With respect to rights and entitlements, those holding rural
hukou are distributed arable land for their livelihood while urban
hukou holders have access to government jobs, subsidized housing,
education, and
healthcare.
The entitlements of urban
hukou holders, however, vary in different Chinese cities, such as those offered in
megacities versus smaller cities.
Chinese citizens can also transfer their
hukou in certain circumstances, such as during study and work.
University students are allowed to transfer their
hukou to the city of their university, though it will expire after their graduation.
Migrant workers can be granted an urban
hukou as long as they fulfill certain criteria. This includes level of educational qualification, technical expertise, entrepreneurship etc. The process is more complicated in larger cities where the labor market is highly competitive.
Why should employers care?
In a free market, employers are rarely concerned with a candidate’s location – beyond the practicality of interviewing the candidate, any relocation expenses they may seek, as well as any difficulties in adjusting to a new location.
Employers and candidates in China often face bureaucratic challenges through the
hukou system as it can sometimes be seen to undermine worker mobility.
Corporate recruiters in China also have difficulties in attracting and retaining skilled workers because of these reasons.
Compensation policies by Chinese companies
Assistance to their employees in obtaining urban
hukou and the offer of social welfare are key ways Chinese companies are able to recruit elite candidates.
Employers, who provide necessary documents for household registration, are responsible for an employee’s
hukou conversion. Some companies have a legal team to help workers in the conversion process, while others even pay the fee of
hukou conversion on behalf of their employees.
In return, such companies are able to extend the contract length and retain their skilled workers for a longer term. For those workers who want to keep their rural
hukou, companies offer social welfare in compensation.
A recent
study finds that only one-fifth migrant workers are interested in converting their rural
hukou to urban
hukou, as they are unwilling to give up their rural land – valuations having increased sharply in recent years.
Still, companies can attract this group of skilled workers by offering indirect benefits. For instance, the housing fund, insurance, healthcare, and transport subsidies can all be on the list.
Hukou talent incentive
China’s municipal governments have now been granted greater autonomy in deciding quota and eligibility criteria for
hukou conversion.
Yet, megacities continue to control their population size and have strict criteria in place for granting a
hukou.
Beijing,
Shanghai,
Guangzhou, and
Shenzhen have adopted a point-based system to vet applicants. For example, employment type, property ownership, education, and innovation achievements are all factors for those who apply to get a
Beijing hukou